7. John Cabot, 1497. 7.约翰卡伯特(1497年) While Columbus explored the West Indies, another Italian sailed across the Sea of Darkness farther north. 在哥伦布到印度西部探险的同时,另一个意大利人穿过黑海北上, Hi

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48. The Founding of Massachusetts, 1629-30. 48.马萨诸塞的创建(16291630年) Unlike the poor and humble Pilgrims were the founders of Massachusetts. 马萨诸塞的创建者不像朝圣者那样贫穷和可怜, They were men of wealth an

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Chapter 9 第9章 Colonial Development, 16881760 殖民地的发展(16881760年) 81. The Stuart Tyranny. 81.斯图亚特王朝的暴政 Instead of admiring the growth of the colonies in strength and in liberty, Charles and James saw it with dis

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Chapter 7 第7章 New Netherland and New Sweden 新荷兰和新瑞典 57. The Dutch. 57.荷兰人 At this time the Dutch were the greatest traders and shipowners in the world. 这个时候,荷兰人是世界上最大的商人,他们拥有最大的

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But he would not admit failure. 但是李将军不会认输。 Led by Pickett of Virginia, thirteen thousand men charged across the valley between the two armies directly at the Union center. 在弗吉尼亚人皮科特的带领下,1.3万士兵越过

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But Bragg was now greatly strengthened by soldiers from the Mississippi and by Longstreet's division from Lee's army in Virginia. 但是,此时的布拉格得到来自密西西比士兵的补充,也得到朗斯特里特从弗吉尼亚李将军那里

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Chapter 40 The year 1863 第40章 1863 年 412. Position of the Armies, January, 1863. 412.军队的状况(1863年1月) The Army of the Potomac, now under Hooker, and the Army of Northern Virginia were face to face at Fredericksburg on the Rapp

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113. Repeal of the Stamp Act, 1766. 113.废除《印花税法案》(1766年) It chanced that at this moment George III and George Grenville fell out. 碰巧此时乔治三世和乔 治o格伦维尔在互相猜忌, The king dismissed the minis

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CHAPTER 11 第11章 BRITAIN'S COLONIAL SYSTEM 不列颠的殖民地制度 103. Early Colonial Policy. 103.早期殖民政策 At the outset, England's rulers had been very kind to Englishmen who founded colonies. 一开始,英格兰统治者一直对

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162.Greene's Later Campaigns. 162.格林的后期战役 At Hobkirk's Hill, near Camden, the British soldiers who had been left behind by Cornwallis attacked Greene. 在卡姆登附近的蒿波克克山,被康沃利斯留下断后的英军士兵向格

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160.The Cowpens, 1781. 160.卡平斯(1781年) General Greene was now sent to the South to take charge of the resistance to Cornwallis. 此时,格林将军被派往南部地区负责抗击康沃利斯的战斗, A great soldier and a great or

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140. British Attack on Charleston, 1776. 140.英国人进攻查理斯顿(1776年) In June 1776 a British fleet and army made an attack on Charleston, South Carolina. 1776年6月,一支英国舰队和陆军进攻南卡罗莱纳的查理斯顿。

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171. Tender Laws. 171.清偿法 The people then clamored for tender laws. 随后,人民吵嚷着要成立清偿法, These were laws which would make it lawful for them to tender, or offer, paper money in exchange for flour or other things. 这些

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225. Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions, 1798~99. 225.弗吉尼亚州和肯塔基州的决议(1798~1799年) In the exciting years before the Revolutionary War the colonial legislatures had passed many resolutions condemning the acts of the Briti

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220. The X.Y.Z. Affair, 1797~98. 220.X.Y.Z事件(1797~1798年) Adams at once summoned Congress and addressed the members in stirring words. 亚当斯立刻召集国会,他的讲话言辞激烈。 He denied that the Americans were a degraded p

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214. Jay's Treaty, 1794. 214.杰伊的协定(1794年) Ever since 1783 there had been trouble with the British. 自从1783年以来,美国与英国之间一直麻烦不断, They had not surrendered the posts on the Great Lakes, as the treaty

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213. The Whiskey Insurrection, 1794. 213.威士忌叛乱(1794年) The increasing expenses of the government made new taxes necessary. 日益增长的政府开支使得有必要增加新的税种, Among the new taxes was an internal revenue ta

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208. The Republicans. 208.共和党人 Thomas Jefferson, James Madison, Albert Gallatin, and their friends entirely disagreed with the Federalists on all of these points. They called themselves Republicans. 托马斯o杰佛逊、詹姆斯o麦迪逊、

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200. The First Census, 1791. 200.第一次人口普查(1791年) The Constitution provided that representatives should be distributed among the states according to population as modified by the federal ratio. 宪法规定各州根据联邦比例修

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190. The First Ten Amendments. 190.前十条例正案 These defects seemed to be so grave that patriots like Patrick Henry, R.H. Lee, Samuel Adams, and John Hancock could not bring themselves to vote for its adoption. 这些缺陷看起来非常严重

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