音标:[faul] ; 柯林斯词典等级:2 级;
a. 污秽的, 邪恶的, 恶臭的, 肮脏的, 恶劣的, 淤塞的
vt. 弄脏, 妨害, 污蔑, 犯规, 淤塞
vi. 腐烂, 犯规, 缠结
adv. 违反规则地, 不正当地
n. 犯规, 缠绕
n. an act that violates the rules of a sport
v. hit a foul ball
v. commit a foul; break the rules
v. spot, stain, or pollute
词型变化:现在分词 : fouling ; 过去分词 : fouled ; 过去式 : fouled ; 名词复数形式 : fouls ; 第三人称单数 : fouls ; 形容词比较级 : fouler ; 形容词最高级 : foulest
考试类型:[六级/考研/托福/IELTS/GRE]
词性分布:
形容词48%
动词26%
名词26%

foul的用法和样例:

例句

用作形容词(adj.)
  1. He opened the window to let out the foul air.他打开窗户,放出污浊的空气。
  2. The foul weather spoiled our vacation.恶劣的天气把我们的假期糟踏了。
  3. She has a foul temper.她脾气暴躁。
  4. The ball was foul.这球犯规了。
  5. He was booked by the referee for foul play.他因为动作犯规而被裁判记下姓名。
用作名词(n.)
  1. The forward made a foul in the penalty area.前锋在禁区内犯规了。
用作动词(v.)
  1. Owners who allow their dogs to foul the footpath will be fined.主人若放任狗弄脏人行道将受处罚。
  2. Everything was just fine until Fred came along and fouled things up.本来一切都井井有条,弗雷德一来就给搞得乱七八糟。
  3. He fouled the same player again in the second half.他在下半场对同一运动员再次犯规。

常见句型

用作形容词(adj.)
用作定语~+ n.
  1. The house was filled with foul odor.房间里充满了难闻的气味。
  2. I've had a foul morning; everything's gone wrong.我今天早上很不愉快,事事不对劲。
  3. Take off those foul clothes and let me wash them.脱下那些脏衣服让我洗一洗。
  4. Many were shocked by his foul language.许多人对他那下流的语言感到震惊。
  5. What a foul day it is!多么恶劣的天气!
  6. Murder is a foul deed.谋杀是件非常丑恶的事。
  7. She has a foul temper, that's why she has so few friends.她脾气暴躁,这就是为什么她朋友那么少的原因。
用作表语S+be+~
  1. This place is very foul.这地方肮脏不堪。
S+be+~+ prep. -phrase
  1. He fell foul of his employer and lost his job.他因触犯老板而丢了工作。
  2. The floor was foul with the dirt of weeks.地板上由于积着几星期的灰尘而很脏。
用作动词(v.)
用作不及物动词S+~(+A)
  1. One pipe has fouled, and the water won't go down.一根水管堵塞了,水流不下去。
  2. Our boat fouls on leaving harbor.我们的船离港时发生了碰撞。
  3. The footballer tried to foul.那个足球运动员试图犯规。
用作及物动词S+~+ n./pron.
  1. The smoke fouled the air.烟污染了空气。
  2. The rope fouled the anchor chain.绳子与锚链缠在一起。
  3. He was sent off for fouling the other team's goalkeeper.他因对对方守门员犯规而被罚出场。
用作名词(n.)
  1. He was cautioned for a foul on another football player.他因对另一球员犯规而受到警告。
  2. The player was sent off the field because of fouls.这名运动员因屡屡犯规而被罚下场。

常用短语

用作形容词(adj.)
by fair means or foul
    千方百计,不择手段somehow or other; whether by good or evil methods
fall〔run〕 foul of
    与…冲突〔不一致〕have a confrontation or disagreement with sb/sth
用作动词(v.)
foul by (v.+prep.)
    〈体〉(对…)犯规 commit a foul (against)
foul out (v.+adv.)
    〈非正〉被罚下场 take no further part in play because of an action against the rulesfoul out

    Two of our players have fouled out.

    我们已有两名队员被罚下场了。

foul up (v.+adv.)
    犯错; 走错路,误入歧途 make a mistake; go wrongfoul sth ⇔ up

    The birds fouled up his newly washed car.

    鸟把他新洗好的车弄脏了。

    The whole river has been fouled up with filthy waste from factories.

    整条河都被工厂的污秽废物污染了。

    foul sth ⇔ up

    When everything is running smoothly, why must he step in and foul thing up?

    一切正在顺利进行时,为什么他一定要插进去把事情弄糟呢?

    foul sth ⇔ up

    Nothing could foul up their militant spirit.

    什么也不能挫伤他们的斗志。

    foul sth ⇔ up

    A big truck tried to get into a small parking space and fouled up traffic.

    一辆试图开进小停车场的大卡车把交通阻塞了。

    foul up

    Why do some people foul up and become criminals?

    为什么有些人会走上歧途变成罪犯呢?

    Blue suit and brown socks!He had fouled up again.

    蓝衣服和棕色短袜!他又搞错了。

词汇搭配

用作形容词 (adj.)
~+名词
  • foul deed丑恶的事
  • foul air污浊的空气
  • foul clothes脏衣服
  • foul language下流的语言
  • foul odor难闻的气味
~+介词
  • foul from因…而变脏
  • foul of与…相撞,同…冲突
  • foul with impurities卑鄙下流的
用作动词 (v.)
~+副词
  • foul out被罚下场
  • foul up弄脏〔糟〕,误入歧途,缠住
用作名词 (n.)
动词+~
  • claim a foul指出犯规
  • commit a foul犯规
形容词+~
  • personal foul个人犯规
  • technical foul技术犯规
名词+~
  • team foul球队犯规数
介词+~
  • through foul and fair在任何情况下,不管顺利或困难
~+介词
  • a foul on an opponent侵犯对方队员的犯规

经典引文

  • The whole city was becoming foul and beginning to smell.sssss J. le Carr&eacusc;

    出自:ssssN. Shute
  • The water fouled very quickly, so that it had to be changed three times a day.

    出自:G. Durrell
  • I'll have this crown of mine cut from my shoulders Before I'll see the crown so foul misplaced.

    出自:Richard III,Shakespeare

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abmigrations
Ainsliaea trinervis
almira
Amalaric
astraiest
automatic tracking system
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banhammering
block move
bloting
blue verdigris
British imperial pound
cable vessel
cathectic
centrolenid
Cladocopa
constraint manifold
cuta-
defective system
dermal leishmaniasis
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earliest start tree
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Glycineglycine
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hartnick
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it would be an honour
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retinaculum flexorum
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St-Jean-sur-Reyssouze
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telain
the valley of the shadow of death
throwover
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Trillium erectum L.
underboarding
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vampire squid
vea
WANDA
wing suction
zenora