时间:2019-02-18 作者:英语课 分类:英语口译


英语课

   在公共场所我们随时都可以看到“禁止入内”、“禁止踏草坪”以及“违者罚款”等字眼。对大多数中国人来说,见到这些字眼已不觉着有什么不妥。但仔细推敲,这些语言给人一种居高临下,含有命令的意味。


  随着国门的打开,对外经济、文化的交流和发展以及人口素质的提高,我们再看这些警示牌总有一种不舒服感。“禁止”翻译成英语就是“Don't”。使用“Don't”口气比较生硬,不委婉。如“Don't pick the flowers”(禁止摘花),“Don't throw something out of the train”(禁止往车窗外扔东西),“Don't tread 1 on the lawn”(禁止践踏草坪),“Don't make noise”(禁止喧哗)等。当然这些句子无论是在语法上还是意思上都是非常正确的,但是语气显得很重,给人一种距离感。营造一种快乐随意的气氛,让大家身心愉快,一定的提醒是必要的,但是要避免生硬。
  英语是一种比较强调委婉的语言,在公园这样的地方一般不使用Don't这样生硬的词。如第一句“禁止摘花”可以译做“Keep away from the flowers , please . ”或者“Take care of the flowers, please.”这两句表达的是一个意思,但让人读了很舒服,使人不自觉地生出一种爱花的心情,把爱花当成是自己应尽的义务,跟竖牌子人的心情相一致。“take care of ”带有拟人色彩,将花看成是一个baby(孩子), 要人们像爱护和关心baby一样去爱护花木。如此,这个牌子的目的便达到了。再比如,“Don't make noise”(禁止喧哗)这种牌子也经常看到,我们完全可以将它译为“Quiet , please.”既简练,又标准。因此公共场合不用“Don't”照样能够达到如期的效果。
  同汉语一样,同样的意思在英语中可以有多种表达方式,不同表达方式的差别往往在于语气和情感,而语气和情感的选择又取决于具体的环境,所以英语标示的翻译一定要考虑具体的场合与对象,考虑被提示对象的阅读心理与情感,意思正确只是翻译的第一步。
  此外有些公共场所的提示语在英语中有其固定的用法如“No spitting”(禁止吐痰),“No smoking”(禁止吸烟)等等,但No与Don't不一样,它更多地被用在中性语境中。我们见到“不许动”,脑海中立即闪现“Don't move”, 而事实上外国警察所说的却是“Freeze”,或者“Hold it”。见到“动我就打死你”自然想到“If you move, I'll shoot you.”,而外国警察常说的却是 “Move and you are dead, man.”所以,我们应该掌握外国警察在类似情况下会怎样表达,而不是按照自己的表达习惯,用英文词把它说出来,虽然有时也可达意,但毕竟不是地道的英语。

vi.踩;行走;vt.踩烂(出);n.胎面,脚步声
  • A policeman walked by with a slow,measured tread.一名警察迈着小心的步子慢慢走过。
  • We heard father's tread on the steps.我们听到台阶上父亲的脚步声。
标签: 翻译
学英语单词
aapg (american association of petroleum geologists)
aggregate of simple events
air cylinder cover
al muthanna
Alpha-Phenylthiourea
analog intelligence test
arterial ligament
as full as a tick
atrevudo
Audlem
average tare weight
Azibert
Baltic International Maritime Conference
bharatpurs
boron oxygen tetrahedron
brp
certainty
certificate of loss or damage delivered by carriers
chain and slat conveyer
climate engineering
cold-storage
colorado maduro
congeals
contests
core exit quality
coreleasing
countercall
countrymates
create a monopoly
daughters-in-law
Des Moines River
diethyl selenide
downtand
dummy variable trap
electrical drainage protection
emancipators
EMI (electromagnetic interference)
entrepreneurially
Erlangen
estimator properties
eutomers
flange forces
flight attitude
fluvial landform
G.S.K.
garrulax morrisonianus
go-away birds
guadalupanos
gut-fight
gutwein
Halerpestes sarmentosa
have priority
Hertha
hook me up
interlocking tower
Jicaques
job-sharing
kocay
lastexes
layden
limousine liberal
London Police
macrophile
manisan
Meliosma laui
mose
nearly headless nick
non-voters
nonreactive component
normal charging
o-thiocresol
p-ymene
papageorge
peninsulae
plug-in pump
polluted estuary
population problem
portale
pseudometrizable uniform space
put off some the mask
radiation diagram
receipt in part
red short iron
reeves shad
replacement of uterine inversion
rubbing velocity
Santalum album L.
sclerosing injection
Sessilina
sieveful
subsidiary loop
supercity
systematic anatomy
The battle is not always to the strong.
triclinic holohedral unit prism
uncharged bomb
V-shape folded plate
Wahhabization
warm to work
weight conversion
wishy-washily
zeugogeosyncline