表示倍数减少的翻译法
英语课
英语中表示倍数减少的表达方法(一)a is n times as small (light，slow，…)as b.
a is n times smaller (lighter， slower，…) than b.
以上两句均应译为：a的大小(重量，速度，……)是b的1/n[或a比b小(轻，慢，……)(n-1)/n].
e.g. The hydrogen atom is near1y l6 times as light as the oxygen atom. 氢原子的重量约为氧原子的1/16(即比氧原子约轻15/16)。
e.g. This sort of membrane 1 is twice thinner than ordinary paper. 这种薄膜比普通纸张要薄一半(即是普通纸厚度的1/2)。
注：当相比的对象b很明显时，than/as b常被省去。
(二)decrease n times/n——folddecrease by n timesdecrease by a factor of n以上三式均译为：减少到1/n[或：减少(n-1)/n].
decrease常被reduce，shorten，go/slow down等词替代。
e.g. Switching time of the new-type transistor 2 is shortened 3 times. 新型晶体管的开关时间缩短了1/3(即缩短到2/3)。
e.g. When the voltage is stepped up by ten times， the strength of the current is stepped down by ten times. 电压升高9倍，电流强度便降低9/10(即90%)。
e.g. The equipment reduced the error probability by a factor of 5. 该设备误差概率降低了4/5.
(三)there is a n-fold decrease/reduction… 应译为：减至1/n [或：减少(n一1)/n].
这个句型还有其它一些形式，e.g. A rapid decrease by a factor of 7 was observed. 发现迅速减少到1/7.
e.g. The principal advantage of the products is a two-fold reduction in weight. 这些产品的主要优点是重量减轻了1/2.
英语在表述或比较倍数时，无论使用什么句型(除了不含倍数词的again句型外)都包括基础倍数在内，因此都不是净增或净减n倍，而是净增或净减n-1倍。
n.薄膜，膜皮，羊皮纸
- A vibrating membrane in the ear helps to convey sounds to the brain.耳膜的振动帮助声音传送到大脑。
- A plastic membrane serves as selective diffusion barrier.一层塑料薄膜起着选择性渗透屏障的作用。
n.晶体管，晶体管收音机
- This make of transistor radio is small and beautifully designed.这半导体收音机小巧玲珑。
- Every transistor has at least three electrodes.每个晶体管至少有三个电极。
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