时间:2018-12-02 作者:英语课 分类:Scientific American(十二)月


英语课

This is Scientific American's 60-Second Science. I'm Cynthia Graber. This will just take a minute.


They call it culturomics: the obvious play on the word "genomics" looks at trends in human thought and culture. But scientists say culturomics has been hampered 1 by a lack of quantitative 2 data. So researchers at Harvard, along with Google, Encyclopedia 3 Britannica, and the American Heritage Dictionary, have come up with a new tool.


It's a database of 5.2 million books, published since the year 1500. That's four percent of all the books ever published, with a total of 500 billion words. The focus is on English language culture, so three quarters of the books are in English.


Among the first findings of the research, published in the journal Science: about, 8500 new words enter the English language annually 4. But many of them don't end up in dictionaries. And about fame—actors become famous around age 30, writers around 40, and politicians around 50. But the fame of politicians can eventually exceed that of actors.


A Google tool called the Books Ngram Viewer is available based on this data—users can track the usage and frequency of a word or phrase over the past few centuries. Thus, we can watch the fall and rise of Melville. And soon the rise and fall of Snooki.


Thanks for the minute. For Scientific American's 60-Second Science, I'm Cynthia Graber.



1 hampered
妨碍,束缚,限制( hamper的过去式和过去分词 )
  • The search was hampered by appalling weather conditions. 恶劣的天气妨碍了搜寻工作。
  • So thought every harassed, hampered, respectable boy in St. Petersburg. 圣彼德堡镇的那些受折磨、受拘束的体面孩子们个个都是这么想的。
2 quantitative
adj.数量的,定量的
  • He said it was only a quantitative difference.他说这仅仅是数量上的差别。
  • We need to do some quantitative analysis of the drugs.我们对药物要进行定量分析。
3 encyclopedia
n.百科全书
  • The encyclopedia fell to the floor with a thud.那本百科全书砰的一声掉到地上。
  • Geoff is a walking encyclopedia.He knows about everything.杰夫是个活百科全书,他什么都懂。
4 annually
adv.一年一次,每年
  • Many migratory birds visit this lake annually.许多候鸟每年到这个湖上作短期逗留。
  • They celebrate their wedding anniversary annually.他们每年庆祝一番结婚纪念日。
标签: 托福素材 sss
学英语单词
aahas
acetyl-spiramycin
Acidaminococcus
ANHIST
arc end of electrode
barkadas
benzoquinoline
biddulphia sinensis
bisexualis
blood corpuscle (or corpuscle)
Bull Savannah
canicola fever
cappelletti
circular connector
closed ends
cnemial crest
communications module
complete annihilation of reflection
control instrumentes
Cripps Corner
D-Tyrosine
Dayan
delusion of poverty
departure section
Dioscorea
Disco light
disklabel
distributional effect of taxes
douroucoulis
ear curette
electronic countermodulation
enecate
environed with
equal thickness fringes
floating dock pump
Fredenbeck
frontal spine
gaudiloquent
genus Circaea
Gull L.
H-moment
hind-leg
hose setting machine
hysol
illuminism
interstate compact
job rates
lap scale
listen for
logical input/output control system
market fluctuation
medium burned brick
metrology equpment
minimum thermometer
mmoire
molar ratio
multiple-grooved shear
mutable
new features
Newgate prison
nocioni
novisad
Office Ribbon
Ophelian
optimal stopping rule
Pac Nam
pegology
pericardial cartilage
pinyin system
polaronic
posterior palatine nerve (or lessor palatine nerve)
pre-bargain
present in the upper 15cm of the soil
prilled ammonium nitrate
proceed to transmit signal
psychoeducation
sea letter telegram
second division segregation
shaft driven travelling crane
Shevuot(h)
Shijiazhuang
SIFFA
slavishness
stabilized magnetron
stationary rivet die
stick control
subchanneling
surface bargaining
surimi
switching box
tailcord
take sb by the short hairs
Talcott Parsons
tonsillar plexus
tvtime
upland game
visual cloth
water ram
whirlwind seeder
World Food bank
wrapped in teflon
zonal diffusion