时间:2019-01-08 作者:英语课 分类:北外翻译笔记


英语课

   声色词是拟声词(onomatopoetic words)和色彩词(color words)的合称。前者模仿人、动物、自然现象、机器或工具等物品或动作所产生的各种声响,后者表现客观世界展现在我们眼前的各种色彩。声色词具有独特的修辞效果,运用得当会使语言表达生动活泼、引人入胜。翻译这两类词语一定要注意英汉两种语言之间的差异,细心推敲,尽可能再现原文中所描绘的客观世界里的声音和色彩。


  拟声词
  一、英汉拟声词比较
  英语和汉语中的拟声词都很丰富,但是大部分的拟声词在发音上相差甚远。这是因为拟声词是按照某种语言的语音系统对客观世界的声音加以模拟改造的结果,所以不可避免地带有该语言的发音特征。因此,英语和汉语中的拟声词之间既存在相同之处又存在不同之处。它们大体可以归纳为以下三点:
  A. 同一声音在英语和汉语中用不同的拟声词来表示:
  ***-a-doodle-do──喔喔喔
  clip-clop──(马蹄)得得声
  tick-tack──(钟表)滴答声
  hoot(toot)──嘟嘟
  dub-a-dub──(鼓)咚咚声
  jingle-jangle──玎玲当啷
  A horse neighs/whinnies/nickers.马嘶/马鸣/马萧萧。
  A dog barks/yaps/yelps/bays/snarls/growls/howls.狗汪汪叫/犬吠。
  A fly hums/buzzes/drones.苍蝇嗡嗡/哼哼叫。
  A mosquito hums /buzzes/drones.蚊子哼哼/嗡嗡叫。
  A pig grunts/squeals. 猪咕噜咕噜/哼哼叫。
  B. 同一声音在英语和汉语中用相同的拟声词来表达:
  meow(或meou)──喵
  hiss──嘶嘶(作声)
  dingdong──丁冬(声),叮当(声)
  ping──乒
  giggle──咯咯(地笑)
  pit-a-pat──劈劈啪啪(地)
  cuckoo──咕咕
  A cow moos.母牛哞哞叫。
  A pigeon coos.鸽子咕咕叫。
  C. 不同的声音用相同的拟声词:
  babble──(婴儿)咿呀学语声;(流水)潺潺作声
  smack──(拍击声、鞭打声、砸嘴声、掌掴声)
  萧萧──(a horse) neighs, (the rain) patters, (the wind) whistles, (thetrees) rustle
  鸣──(birds) chirp, (frogs) creak, (a bugle) honks

标签: 翻译 笔记
学英语单词
achromatic edition
antenna pickup
antfhistamine
antigeron
antimeningococcic serum
argyreus hyperbius
Ban Sai
bed clothes
bit dresser
blast furnace bustle pipe
bouguer-lambert-beer law
Calot treatment
carbonate content
cargo pilfering
carrier-pigeon
chemistry of portland cement
chiiostomatoplasty
chromatoid bodies
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class-product production
closed game-season
committee-room
copper printing paper
delivery thickness
destandardize
dihydroheterocodeine
ditkas
diving gear
dot variation
drawbench
effective length of track
euctratite
extremitas acromialis claviculae
flowerdays
fluid pressure molding
foreign branch their account
fruit system
fundamental wavelength
game bag
genus Ascaridia
German-style metal lensring
grn
haman
HBCT
high resolution picture transmission (hrpt)
horizontal die slotting machine
ineffability
informator
iron glance
lateral collateral sesamoidean ligaments
legionella pneumophila
linstock
lvts
mass flow rate
megabios
mongeese
morganatic marriage
multiangled
muscardines
N-Act
Nam Sang Wai
nickel toning
non-mandrel method
Not rated
nude contraot
Nulato R.
nummulations
O2CO2monitor
open-learnings
Phuoc Binh
plot tabel
plugged away
promontorio
promulgate
punitive provision
quantizing interval
reactance
Registrgtion of Transfer of Ownership of Ship
rheumatic heart diseases
rigid suspension
Salvelinus alpinus
sam-cloth
sequaciously
silenoside
silver metathioantimonite
sintered briquette
six-foot-one
skeleton lagging
slotted teeth
Smlith's pessary
soap drier
spin matrix
the ills of...are legion.
throw straws against the wind
turn-push button
ultrahigh speed camera
v3 certificate
water-gas shift
wax laminate
whorf
writ of subpoena
zinc die casting alloy