时间:2019-01-08 作者:英语课 分类:北外翻译笔记


英语课

   声色词是拟声词(onomatopoetic words)和色彩词(color words)的合称。前者模仿人、动物、自然现象、机器或工具等物品或动作所产生的各种声响,后者表现客观世界展现在我们眼前的各种色彩。声色词具有独特的修辞效果,运用得当会使语言表达生动活泼、引人入胜。翻译这两类词语一定要注意英汉两种语言之间的差异,细心推敲,尽可能再现原文中所描绘的客观世界里的声音和色彩。


  拟声词
  一、英汉拟声词比较
  英语和汉语中的拟声词都很丰富,但是大部分的拟声词在发音上相差甚远。这是因为拟声词是按照某种语言的语音系统对客观世界的声音加以模拟改造的结果,所以不可避免地带有该语言的发音特征。因此,英语和汉语中的拟声词之间既存在相同之处又存在不同之处。它们大体可以归纳为以下三点:
  A. 同一声音在英语和汉语中用不同的拟声词来表示:
  ***-a-doodle-do──喔喔喔
  clip-clop──(马蹄)得得声
  tick-tack──(钟表)滴答声
  hoot(toot)──嘟嘟
  dub-a-dub──(鼓)咚咚声
  jingle-jangle──玎玲当啷
  A horse neighs/whinnies/nickers.马嘶/马鸣/马萧萧。
  A dog barks/yaps/yelps/bays/snarls/growls/howls.狗汪汪叫/犬吠。
  A fly hums/buzzes/drones.苍蝇嗡嗡/哼哼叫。
  A mosquito hums /buzzes/drones.蚊子哼哼/嗡嗡叫。
  A pig grunts/squeals. 猪咕噜咕噜/哼哼叫。
  B. 同一声音在英语和汉语中用相同的拟声词来表达:
  meow(或meou)──喵
  hiss──嘶嘶(作声)
  dingdong──丁冬(声),叮当(声)
  ping──乒
  giggle──咯咯(地笑)
  pit-a-pat──劈劈啪啪(地)
  cuckoo──咕咕
  A cow moos.母牛哞哞叫。
  A pigeon coos.鸽子咕咕叫。
  C. 不同的声音用相同的拟声词:
  babble──(婴儿)咿呀学语声;(流水)潺潺作声
  smack──(拍击声、鞭打声、砸嘴声、掌掴声)
  萧萧──(a horse) neighs, (the rain) patters, (the wind) whistles, (thetrees) rustle
  鸣──(birds) chirp, (frogs) creak, (a bugle) honks

标签: 翻译 笔记
学英语单词
-adic
american parties
Baixo Guandu
Banskobystricky
barium carbide
be startled to see...
Beaumontia
beginning of astronomical morning twilight
belt leakage flux
belting bolt
beyond out of peradventure
Blackstonian
Boitzenburg
bracteole
braised
callicarpas
caudal peduncles
chubbie
component integration laboratories
cowher
cutting mechanism
D'Entrecasteaux Is.
decalins
Delray Beach
dimming class
Dioscorea nipponica
Doing nothing is doing ill.
droit de detraction
duodecimal system
Egoumbi
ethnic marriage
flutter depth
for clause
frame through bolt
function key code
geocentric rectangular equatorial coordinates
Glycosmis oligantha
grained board
ground-shakers
guanoxalate
gum dammars
heart-block
Hermetia
hierarchical storage system
homeowner's insurance
integ-
intrupcion
jesuses
key punch machine
load the bases
Malfatti formol titration method
Mayniac
metamagnets
Metaphenylenediamine
method of direct smear
miracle whip
modafininl (modafininl)
muscle rods
myriameter wave
n (net)
NACGN
nomentlature
odd loop
organizational differentiation
orgel
out board
pattern something on
peepe
plate factor
postinvasive
primary hydrocephalus
quasi-uniform convergence
Rastrelliger kanagurta
reason that
regular error
reidentifications
remaining balance
rheogram
roastability
savable
sb's ruling passion
Scophthalmus
scratching area
short range correlation
soil hydrolytic acid
streum
supersaturate
Sweet, Henry
sync tip frequency
tail cone adapter
taiwanosemia hoppoensis
techaid
tenacity elongation curve
thread-lace scoria (reticulite)
Thumayl, Wādī
to the extent that
toxic chemical
traditionless
triphosphopyridines
venae scrotales posteriores
write-many
Yakhtul