时间:2019-01-08 作者:英语课 分类:北外翻译笔记


英语课

   声色词是拟声词(onomatopoetic words)和色彩词(color words)的合称。前者模仿人、动物、自然现象、机器或工具等物品或动作所产生的各种声响,后者表现客观世界展现在我们眼前的各种色彩。声色词具有独特的修辞效果,运用得当会使语言表达生动活泼、引人入胜。翻译这两类词语一定要注意英汉两种语言之间的差异,细心推敲,尽可能再现原文中所描绘的客观世界里的声音和色彩。


  拟声词
  一、英汉拟声词比较
  英语和汉语中的拟声词都很丰富,但是大部分的拟声词在发音上相差甚远。这是因为拟声词是按照某种语言的语音系统对客观世界的声音加以模拟改造的结果,所以不可避免地带有该语言的发音特征。因此,英语和汉语中的拟声词之间既存在相同之处又存在不同之处。它们大体可以归纳为以下三点:
  A. 同一声音在英语和汉语中用不同的拟声词来表示:
  ***-a-doodle-do──喔喔喔
  clip-clop──(马蹄)得得声
  tick-tack──(钟表)滴答声
  hoot(toot)──嘟嘟
  dub-a-dub──(鼓)咚咚声
  jingle-jangle──玎玲当啷
  A horse neighs/whinnies/nickers.马嘶/马鸣/马萧萧。
  A dog barks/yaps/yelps/bays/snarls/growls/howls.狗汪汪叫/犬吠。
  A fly hums/buzzes/drones.苍蝇嗡嗡/哼哼叫。
  A mosquito hums /buzzes/drones.蚊子哼哼/嗡嗡叫。
  A pig grunts/squeals. 猪咕噜咕噜/哼哼叫。
  B. 同一声音在英语和汉语中用相同的拟声词来表达:
  meow(或meou)──喵
  hiss──嘶嘶(作声)
  dingdong──丁冬(声),叮当(声)
  ping──乒
  giggle──咯咯(地笑)
  pit-a-pat──劈劈啪啪(地)
  cuckoo──咕咕
  A cow moos.母牛哞哞叫。
  A pigeon coos.鸽子咕咕叫。
  C. 不同的声音用相同的拟声词:
  babble──(婴儿)咿呀学语声;(流水)潺潺作声
  smack──(拍击声、鞭打声、砸嘴声、掌掴声)
  萧萧──(a horse) neighs, (the rain) patters, (the wind) whistles, (thetrees) rustle
  鸣──(birds) chirp, (frogs) creak, (a bugle) honks

标签: 翻译 笔记
学英语单词
air charging
air-fall deposition
angiotensin I
AOG (augmented operator grammar)
Ave.,ave.
Bergamos
body boundary
bond distance
budgetary resourses
cable management
card file
cataboliet repression
centanni
Christmas seals
church tower
cold metal work
cone herpolhode
configuration of sample
consignment ledger
consumer socialization
coreopsis maritimas
cross-cut analysis method
current wave laser
deudas
Dinoflagellata
direct manufacturing
disservice
donzella
downsiders
dragonfishes
drop lubrication
drum switch
dynamic stretching
ecker
Environmental Coordination Board
Estonian Republic
evaporation load
exchanging land for materials
field teaching
flooded continuous dissolver
gas light paper
genus conocliniums
glucuronoglycan
granulocytotoxin
hiffed
history of auditing
hollow clay block
horizontal rotary engine
Hunglish
idle segment
in antagonism with
ligamenta hyoepiglotticum
low-temperature holding
magnetic blow
manauto
map layer
Marshall,Thurgood
medie
muddir
n-octyl mercaptan
nabulsi
on ground that
period of encounter
phoenicids
physical properties of fly ash
polystoechotid
prefer to
protective block
radioactive half-life
relativistic energy
roseman
rotate text up
row-port
safras
savoldo
seal by special wedge-like gasket
Seeding-trough
seize upon an idea
selfconfessed
sexier
shuffling gait
spine base
step across
stimulations
stratum of nonrespondents
stuffing box seal ring
Supiy
tapa
tetranordesthiobiotin
thermal expansion valve
torsional dynamometer
transfer heat
transition wear mode
tropicamide
under steering
unplonking
uranium lumped
Ursa Major
validation rules
welded pyroclastic rock
whole-body exposure