时间:2019-01-08 作者:英语课 分类:英语学习方法


英语课
与汉语类似,同样的意思在英语中也可有多种表达方式,而不同表达方式之间的差别往往在于语气和情感,语气和情感的选择又取决于具体的环境,所以英语翻译一定要考虑具体的场合与对象,考虑被提示对象的阅读心理与情感,意思正确只是翻译的第一步。下面我们以提示语为例进行说明。
在中国的公共场所,我们随处都可以看到“禁止入内”、“禁止踏草坪”以及“违者罚款”等字眼。“禁止”翻译成英语就是“Don't”,在英文中,“Don't”口气比较生硬,缺乏委婉之意。如“Don't pick the flowers”(禁止摘花),“Don't throw something out of the train”(禁止往车窗外扔东西),“Don't tread 1 on the lawn”(禁止践踏草坪),“Don't make noise”(禁止喧哗)等,这些句子无论是在语法上还是意思上都非常正确,但并不建议大家这么翻译。因为“Don't”使这些句子语气显得太重,易使人产生距离感。
公共场合应该营造的是一种快乐随意的气氛,让大家身心愉快。一定程度的善意提醒是必要的,但是应该尽力避免生硬。而且英语是一种比较强调委婉的语言,一般不会在公园这样的地方使用Don't这样生硬的词。如“禁止摘花”可译做“Keep away from the flowers , please .”或者“Take care of the flowers, please.”同样表达一个意思,但这两句让人看了很舒服,一种爱花的心情油然“牌”上,与竖牌人的初衷一致。尤其“take care of”短语本身带有拟人色彩,将花看成是一个baby,提醒人们像爱护和关心baby一样去爱护花木。如此,树立这个牌子的目的便达到了。再比如,“Don't make noise”(禁止喧哗)这种牌子也经常看到,我们完全可以将它译为“Quiet , please.”既简练,又标准。因此公共场合不用“Don't”照样能够达到如期的效果。
此外有些公共场所的提示语在英语中往往有其固定的用法,如“No spitting”(禁止吐痰),“No smoking”(禁止吸烟)等等,需要提醒一点的是,No与Don't不一样,前者更多地被用在中性语境中。我们见到“不许动”,脑海中立即闪现“Don't move”, 而事实上外国警察所说的却是“Freeze”,或者“Hold it”。见到“动我就打死你”自然想到“If you move, I'll shoot you.”,而外国警察常说的却是“Move and you are dead, man.”所以,我们应该掌握外国人在类似情况下的表达习惯,而不是按照自己的思维和表达方式进行翻译,虽然有时词可达意,但毕竟不够地道。

vi.踩;行走;vt.踩烂(出);n.胎面,脚步声
  • A policeman walked by with a slow,measured tread.一名警察迈着小心的步子慢慢走过。
  • We heard father's tread on the steps.我们听到台阶上父亲的脚步声。
标签: 翻译
学英语单词
ad dafinah
Aivaliot
anencephalies
Barany's symptom
bivariate time series
bunching area
cagily
Campden Process
cash management service
Catalpa L.
category A noxious liquid substance
centerwards
Charles Frederick
Chilches
cholyglycines
churchville
cogitating
column casing
cooperating agency
corners and fillets
cowheard
cuminalmalonic acid
distance to the horizon from height of eye
downwash velocity
dump bottom
electrical tapping machine
electronic telegraph system
energy level transition
esonarimod
exemplary punishment
exponent arithmetic
feu-de-joie
fish-bowl
gaufrage
genus Sambucus
gleit
glucose 6-phosphate
grandomania
Götaälven
Hadfield-Clarke syndrome
harnessings
i-d
impersistence
impoldered
indispensabilities
inkslinger
interrupted quenching
kirghiz steppe
lead glance(galena)
liar('s) dice
logical timer
lompocs
lt-yr
luthere
manufacturing unit
mean time-to-detection
meter reading
murdermonger
noncorroding
open verdict
orange grasses
oshun
out of practice
parietotemporal
pellet corona
Penhold
Planum supracristale
plnsminogenemia
point group
Primero de Mayo Bay
prospecting shaft
reconciling inventory
relative value of consequence
Saarlander
saccharify
sapo mollis
seamless hosiery
semitonal
settled for
sleepovers
solid molding
spinning dive
spot film
spriochet(o)-
stampings
stored drive circuit
strawstack
stress diabetes
subdistributivity
sundry debtors account
supercooling point
tapered strip
thorough-passage
trade sanction
Treitschke, Heinrich von
two phases
two plane type
warrant of commitment
White Ointment
whole pituitary powder
wind-slab avalanche
Zolaism