时间:2018-12-26 作者:英语课 分类:美国英语听力80篇


英语课

[00:06.24]For years, many scientists have considered walking on two legs as one sign of being human.

[00:15.46]Early humans were not thought to have used their knuckle 1 bones or other parts of their hands in walking.

[00:23.59]Now, however, American scientists have found evidence that humans developed from creatures that walked on their knuckles 2,

[00:32.71]much like gorillas 3 and chimpanzees do today.

[00:36.60]Researchers Brian Richmond and David Strait are from the George Washington University in Washington, D.C.

[00:45.84]They say they made their discovery almost by accident during a visit to the Smithsonian Institution in Washington.

[00:55.01]They compared old reports about the biology of apes with a copy of the wrist bone from Lucy,

[01:02.43]the most famous fossil remains 4 of an early form of human.

[01:06.85]Their findings are reported in the publication Nature.

[01:11.37]The researchers examined how the wrist structure of chimpanzees and gorillas differs from other apes.

[01:20.01]They also examined the wrist bones from Lucy

[01:19.01]and another human-like creature that lived in Africa more than 3,000,000 years ago.

[01:26.56]The researchers say the ancient creatures had the same wrist structure as modern chimpanzees and gorillas.

[01:35.78]They found structures in the wrist bones that restricted the movement of the wrist.

[01:41.58]However; the researchers do not believe the creatures used their knuckles in walking

[01:48.32]because they had longer legs than the apes.

[01:51.80]The researchers say a creature with longer legs would have a difficult time

[01:58.28]supporting its weight on its lower legs and hands at the same time.

[02:04.05]They suggest that the wrist structure for knuckle-walking may have developed even earlier -- as much as 5,000,000 years ago.

[02:14.03]David Strait says the development of walking upright required major changes in the structure of the early human ancestors.



1 knuckle
n.指节;vi.开始努力工作;屈服,认输
  • They refused to knuckle under to any pressure.他们拒不屈从任何压力。
  • You'll really have to knuckle down if you want to pass the examination.如果想通过考试,你确实应专心学习。
2 knuckles
n.(指人)指关节( knuckle的名词复数 );(指动物)膝关节,踝v.(指人)指关节( knuckle的第三人称单数 );(指动物)膝关节,踝
  • He gripped the wheel until his knuckles whitened. 他紧紧握住方向盘,握得指关节都变白了。
  • Her thin hands were twisted by swollen knuckles. 她那双纤手因肿大的指关节而变了形。 来自《简明英汉词典》
3 gorillas
n.大猩猩( gorilla的名词复数 );暴徒,打手
  • the similitude between humans and gorillas 人类和大猩猩的相像
  • Each family of gorillas is led by a great silverbacked patriarch. 每个大星星家族都由一个魁梧的、长着银色被毛的族长带领着。 来自《简明英汉词典》
4 remains
n.剩余物,残留物;遗体,遗迹
  • He ate the remains of food hungrily.他狼吞虎咽地吃剩余的食物。
  • The remains of the meal were fed to the dog.残羹剩饭喂狗了。
学英语单词
adiabatic delivery refrigeration of gases
aldan plat.
amulettes
anapaest
antibody-biotin-peroxidase-complex
backmost
be exasperated against
benzal cyanhydrine
bornes de aguiar
broad sword
calvarian
cargo valuation form
chemical treatment of seed
cladosporium disease
complementary error function distribution
compound complex sentence
coppering hammer
cornbury
cryptoanalyst
cullercoats
cvpp
cytodiaeresis
dense crowd
down the river
electric buoy
Enhanced IDE
enophthalmus
essendo
g0 phase
genitoscopy
geodetic zenith
heminges
hierococcyx hyperythrus
hollow wire rope
homogeneity analysis
hydrogenic soil (hydromorphic)
image-making
indirect method of teaching
inedible oil
interchange comparison
jar squeezer
jeans button
layer-cakes
lead-out
line non-linearity
locus of change
Los Baňitas, P.de
loss carried forward to the following term
low expansion material
make safe
minced loaf
minilaser
minor modes
montiform
Mosh'yuga
muck raise
multiplyplywood
nacres
name server
nuclear atom theory
outlicking
overbody
palatine papilla
permalancer
plant staff
plotting facility
point in sample space
Premna yunnanensis
press-paper
psychothrillers
putridly
real time job
rebinds
reenactor
reflected binary code
related to
ring dyed fiber
rosenkreutz
rubber industry
sbs
selected area (sa)
service level update
simple distllation
soft dough stage
splicings
stink cedar
substitution principle
surface slice
synchronization check word
system of ownership
take-it-or-leave
to become
trivisonno
typpe matrix
vasohypertonic
velocity cutoff
W/X
Warneton
wattage
wheeled plough
women's team
zonal completion