时间:2018-12-26 作者:英语课 分类:美国英语听力80篇


英语课

[00:06.24]For years, many scientists have considered walking on two legs as one sign of being human.

[00:15.46]Early humans were not thought to have used their knuckle 1 bones or other parts of their hands in walking.

[00:23.59]Now, however, American scientists have found evidence that humans developed from creatures that walked on their knuckles 2,

[00:32.71]much like gorillas 3 and chimpanzees do today.

[00:36.60]Researchers Brian Richmond and David Strait are from the George Washington University in Washington, D.C.

[00:45.84]They say they made their discovery almost by accident during a visit to the Smithsonian Institution in Washington.

[00:55.01]They compared old reports about the biology of apes with a copy of the wrist bone from Lucy,

[01:02.43]the most famous fossil remains 4 of an early form of human.

[01:06.85]Their findings are reported in the publication Nature.

[01:11.37]The researchers examined how the wrist structure of chimpanzees and gorillas differs from other apes.

[01:20.01]They also examined the wrist bones from Lucy

[01:19.01]and another human-like creature that lived in Africa more than 3,000,000 years ago.

[01:26.56]The researchers say the ancient creatures had the same wrist structure as modern chimpanzees and gorillas.

[01:35.78]They found structures in the wrist bones that restricted the movement of the wrist.

[01:41.58]However; the researchers do not believe the creatures used their knuckles in walking

[01:48.32]because they had longer legs than the apes.

[01:51.80]The researchers say a creature with longer legs would have a difficult time

[01:58.28]supporting its weight on its lower legs and hands at the same time.

[02:04.05]They suggest that the wrist structure for knuckle-walking may have developed even earlier -- as much as 5,000,000 years ago.

[02:14.03]David Strait says the development of walking upright required major changes in the structure of the early human ancestors.



1 knuckle
n.指节;vi.开始努力工作;屈服,认输
  • They refused to knuckle under to any pressure.他们拒不屈从任何压力。
  • You'll really have to knuckle down if you want to pass the examination.如果想通过考试,你确实应专心学习。
2 knuckles
n.(指人)指关节( knuckle的名词复数 );(指动物)膝关节,踝v.(指人)指关节( knuckle的第三人称单数 );(指动物)膝关节,踝
  • He gripped the wheel until his knuckles whitened. 他紧紧握住方向盘,握得指关节都变白了。
  • Her thin hands were twisted by swollen knuckles. 她那双纤手因肿大的指关节而变了形。 来自《简明英汉词典》
3 gorillas
n.大猩猩( gorilla的名词复数 );暴徒,打手
  • the similitude between humans and gorillas 人类和大猩猩的相像
  • Each family of gorillas is led by a great silverbacked patriarch. 每个大星星家族都由一个魁梧的、长着银色被毛的族长带领着。 来自《简明英汉词典》
4 remains
n.剩余物,残留物;遗体,遗迹
  • He ate the remains of food hungrily.他狼吞虎咽地吃剩余的食物。
  • The remains of the meal were fed to the dog.残羹剩饭喂狗了。
学英语单词
all joshing apart
Am-Dam
amphibivalent
anti-story
Arietites
assassinator
B. And
behie
berkmann
built-in-potential
bullbar
cab signal
carbon equivalent
causativize
CECS
chancellor's foot
chemical apparatus
chemical fungicide
citrus oil
copper-nose
crawler hydraulic drill
dagwood dog
dardans
e-resources
eight-bit data path
electronic temperature recorder
Fargesia qinlingensis
fault-line
feed vane
flour-
from power
genus callithrixes
giant circle (whirlaround swing)
glove-box technique
Hangtown fry
heavy fish population
homokaryons
incertainty
jaw opening
jossel
LEM,Lem
limit of friction
line seizure
long-distance cable
low frequency relay
lviv
metabolic cost
minor diameter of screw thread
multihyphenated
New Zealand white pine
non-physiological movement
noncorrosive gas
ochodaeus formosanus
optical slope corrector
participancy
Petilia Policastro
pharyngeal lymph gland
point and flat suspension
polystyrene dielectric
port throughtput
pour reversion
process distinguish stack number
pyrometric cones
quasipotential mapping
read-ahead queue
resource operator
rheins
rivere
Saint John the Apostle
Saturna I.
self-sustained oscillations
shaft hole
slapjack
sleep analyzing hybrid computer
smallest cardiac veins
solid-core reactor
speaker-reversal switch
specific parasite
stability of soil enzyme
stock emulsion
stream energy
sublicensed
substrate materials
suppression filter
surface condensation
sympathetic strikes
syndrome of yin deficiency and dampness-heat
the dry season
tilia japonicas
tractor drawn fertilizer distributor
transconjugant
tumeron
tv recording
ultraviolet photoemission spectroscopy
unconfined avalanche
underwater adhesion
vacancy tracer exchange
weighted mean velocity
wood-and-steel composite truss
woodsiness