时间:2018-12-26 作者:英语课 分类:美国英语听力80篇


英语课

[00:06.24]For years, many scientists have considered walking on two legs as one sign of being human.

[00:15.46]Early humans were not thought to have used their knuckle 1 bones or other parts of their hands in walking.

[00:23.59]Now, however, American scientists have found evidence that humans developed from creatures that walked on their knuckles 2,

[00:32.71]much like gorillas 3 and chimpanzees do today.

[00:36.60]Researchers Brian Richmond and David Strait are from the George Washington University in Washington, D.C.

[00:45.84]They say they made their discovery almost by accident during a visit to the Smithsonian Institution in Washington.

[00:55.01]They compared old reports about the biology of apes with a copy of the wrist bone from Lucy,

[01:02.43]the most famous fossil remains 4 of an early form of human.

[01:06.85]Their findings are reported in the publication Nature.

[01:11.37]The researchers examined how the wrist structure of chimpanzees and gorillas differs from other apes.

[01:20.01]They also examined the wrist bones from Lucy

[01:19.01]and another human-like creature that lived in Africa more than 3,000,000 years ago.

[01:26.56]The researchers say the ancient creatures had the same wrist structure as modern chimpanzees and gorillas.

[01:35.78]They found structures in the wrist bones that restricted the movement of the wrist.

[01:41.58]However; the researchers do not believe the creatures used their knuckles in walking

[01:48.32]because they had longer legs than the apes.

[01:51.80]The researchers say a creature with longer legs would have a difficult time

[01:58.28]supporting its weight on its lower legs and hands at the same time.

[02:04.05]They suggest that the wrist structure for knuckle-walking may have developed even earlier -- as much as 5,000,000 years ago.

[02:14.03]David Strait says the development of walking upright required major changes in the structure of the early human ancestors.



1 knuckle
n.指节;vi.开始努力工作;屈服,认输
  • They refused to knuckle under to any pressure.他们拒不屈从任何压力。
  • You'll really have to knuckle down if you want to pass the examination.如果想通过考试,你确实应专心学习。
2 knuckles
n.(指人)指关节( knuckle的名词复数 );(指动物)膝关节,踝v.(指人)指关节( knuckle的第三人称单数 );(指动物)膝关节,踝
  • He gripped the wheel until his knuckles whitened. 他紧紧握住方向盘,握得指关节都变白了。
  • Her thin hands were twisted by swollen knuckles. 她那双纤手因肿大的指关节而变了形。 来自《简明英汉词典》
3 gorillas
n.大猩猩( gorilla的名词复数 );暴徒,打手
  • the similitude between humans and gorillas 人类和大猩猩的相像
  • Each family of gorillas is led by a great silverbacked patriarch. 每个大星星家族都由一个魁梧的、长着银色被毛的族长带领着。 来自《简明英汉词典》
4 remains
n.剩余物,残留物;遗体,遗迹
  • He ate the remains of food hungrily.他狼吞虎咽地吃剩余的食物。
  • The remains of the meal were fed to the dog.残羹剩饭喂狗了。
学英语单词
4-hydroxyarginine
a brand out of the fire
a licking
Aqsu
babe magnets
bare homogeneous reactor
base lead resistance
berkan
bilateral bearing
brake propagation speed
break yourselves
capelongo (folgares)
Catenella
Christophany
cold condensate capacity
community theatre
concentric atrophy
conjure men
consolative
contact-making clock
Corvisart
cotarnine chloride
couple of force
coverboard
currentest
cypionic acid
decision space
design motif
diving alarm
eatathon
electrification of agriculture
energetick
epeolatry
evidence-based policy making
farmers' family
forcing mating
foundation grill
gastriode relay
gild refined gold
go round the house
gradale
gravina i.
hallux dolorosa
hang 5
high-pressure sprinkler
Hintons
hyenine
imitations
impellents
infinite impulse response (iir)
inside voices
integrated pre-service cleaning
interorganizational politics
isometabole
kirovograd
kumo mai (japan)
la vestale
lad lit
limecrete
lithium periodate
low phosphorous pig iron
macro null statement
many channel reaction
n-propyl carbylamine
nonrelevant failure
Novarka
novoac epoxy
oriented circle
Oscar Wilde
p&ps
parasympathetics
phenbutrazate
phenominal sea
plicated
pool count
porrum
prosaicality
pulsating combustion
quantity full
quasiidentity
refuge capital
right of asylum
sharp spoon
shear steel
shipment sample
sir stephen harold spenders
slapped on
smartcash
sudden stop
t.p.i.
tetracola
Thalictrum isopyroides
TobRV
Triacephentin
Trilobita larva
two-throw pump
unconverter
upper and lower limits
urbanized
Visct
voice-recognition
wale spirality