时间:2018-12-24 作者:英语课 分类:2016年Scientific American(九)月


英语课

 


Only about 23 percent of the world’s land area is still what you’d call wilderness 1—where indigenous 2 people, wildlife, plants and microbes get a chance to live with little or no disturbance 3 from large human populations. But even that current figure of 23 percent is down by a tenth in just the last couple of decades. Which translates into an area the size of Alaska being converted away from wilderness since the 1990s. That’s according to a study in the journal Current Biology that was also announced at the just completed Honolulu meeting of the International Union for Conservation of Nature. [Watson et al, Catastrophic Declines in Wilderness Areas Undermine Global Environment Targets]


The research found that the regions that suffered the biggest wilderness losses were South America and Central Africa. South America lost almost a third of its wilderness while Africa’s is down about 14 percent.


James Watson is the lead author of the study. He’s with the Wildlife Conservation Society and the University of Queensland—he’s no relation to the more famous DNA 4 double helix James Watson.


In the journal article he and his colleagues write: “The continued loss of wilderness areas is a globally significant problem with largely irreversible outcomes for both humans and nature: if these trends continue, there could be no globally significant wilderness areas left in less than a century. Proactively protecting the world’s last wilderness areas is a cost-effective conservation investment and our best prospect 5 for ensuring that intact ecosystems 6 and large-scale ecological 7 and evolutionary 8 processes persist for the benefit of future generations.” And future generations includes both the organisms in the remaining wilderness—and us.


—Steve Mirsky


[The above text is a transcript 9 of this podcast.]



1 wilderness
n.杳无人烟的一片陆地、水等,荒漠
  • She drove the herd of cattle through the wilderness.她赶着牛群穿过荒野。
  • Education in the wilderness is not a matter of monetary means.荒凉地区的教育不是钱财问题。
2 indigenous
adj.土产的,土生土长的,本地的
  • Each country has its own indigenous cultural tradition.每个国家都有自己本土的文化传统。
  • Indians were the indigenous inhabitants of America.印第安人是美洲的土著居民。
3 disturbance
n.动乱,骚动;打扰,干扰;(身心)失调
  • He is suffering an emotional disturbance.他的情绪受到了困扰。
  • You can work in here without any disturbance.在这儿你可不受任何干扰地工作。
4 DNA
(缩)deoxyribonucleic acid 脱氧核糖核酸
  • DNA is stored in the nucleus of a cell.脱氧核糖核酸储存于细胞的细胞核里。
  • Gene mutations are alterations in the DNA code.基因突变是指DNA密码的改变。
5 prospect
n.前景,前途;景色,视野
  • This state of things holds out a cheerful prospect.事态呈现出可喜的前景。
  • The prospect became more evident.前景变得更加明朗了。
6 ecosystems
n.生态系统( ecosystem的名词复数 )
  • There are highly sensitive and delicately balanced ecosystems in the forest. 森林里有高度敏感、灵敏平衡的各种生态系统。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • Madagascar's ecosystems range from rainforest to semi-desert. 马达加斯加生态系统类型多样,从雨林到半荒漠等不一而足。 来自辞典例句
7 ecological
adj.生态的,生态学的
  • The region has been declared an ecological disaster zone.这个地区已经宣布为生态灾难区。
  • Each animal has its ecological niche.每种动物都有自己的生态位.
8 evolutionary
adj.进化的;演化的,演变的;[生]进化论的
  • Life has its own evolutionary process.生命有其自身的进化过程。
  • These are fascinating questions to be resolved by the evolutionary studies of plants.这些十分吸引人的问题将在研究植物进化过程中得以解决。
9 transcript
n.抄本,誊本,副本,肄业证书
  • A transcript of the tapes was presented as evidence in court.一份录音带的文字本作为证据被呈交法庭。
  • They wouldn't let me have a transcript of the interview.他们拒绝给我一份采访的文字整理稿。
学英语单词
a Boy Scout
Achenib
aero light
almoth
alpine collision
antimilitarists
as easy as anything
axisversion
base-jumping
bleichroeder
Bonaventure Island
borderline state
callomania
cartilaginis medialis laminae
chemolithoautotrophy
chittimwoods
co-insurance clause
comeback wool
constant rate period
controlling-company accounting
dead tree
digenic
dried whole egg
family entolomataceaes
flat faced follower
flat-faced sheave
flibe storage tanks
fovea dentis
garden technical management
gravity gliding tectonics
great-books
gss
have one's nose to the grindstone
heavy stockpile
hemoglutination
Hollywood bed
hot-electron injection
hydroxyglutamic acid
immunokinetic
included variable
industrial circles
infrabuccal pocket
integration engineering
international agreements
invariant geomagnetic coordinates
jumblings
Kebayoran
laconism
lacuotrine plain
landsurface
lay something flat
lirophen
mach needle
metamorphosed ore deposit
mica powder
moral ethics
mozzette
murchison-sanderson syndrome
mycotic vaginitis
natural vibration period
needling
nonobjectifiable
oblique sternals
oil scraper ring
olivil
palsywort
periodic balance sheet
peritoneal dialysis solution
petuis
radial cut ring
ranche
rational homomorphism
recess of thread portion
reenthroning
regional distribution of erosion
resistance to the effects of heat
Rice's bromine solution
rich world
sarcosome
Schuplaettler
screwdriver set with wooden handle
sea shanty
sealing riveting
silcaz
smoke-stick
somets
southern-atlantic
superhigh pressure sealing
surface S wave
teise
telpher conveyer
trim-tram
underpromise
unselectability
UTN
villiferous
vv. metacarpe? volares
wafer probing
waken from a swoon
wild honey
Windsor chair
workload management