时间:2019-03-06 作者:英语课 分类:英语PK台


英语课

   动名词与现在分词在句中用法的区别


  动词的-ing形式按功能区分,可分为动名词和现在分词。在分析英文句子和进行英语考试辨析时,比较容易混淆这两者。为了便于理解,现从动名词和分词在句中的用法上区分动词的-ing形式何时为动名词,何时为现在分词以至更好的把握两者的重要用法。
  动名词可以用作主语,现在分词不可以
  (1)动名词用作主语
  Reading French is easier than speaking it.
  阅读法文比讲法语容易。
  Sailing 1 a boat is great fun.
  驾驶帆船很有意思。
  Talking mends no holes.
  谚语:空谈无济于事。
  (2)有时可用先行词it作形式主语,把动名词主语放在句子后面去:
  (a)It's hopeless arguing about it.
  争辩这事没有用。
  It was pleasant and comfortable sitting there.
  坐在那里惬意舒服。
  (b)It is a wonder meeting you here.
  在这里碰到你真是奇迹。
  It is no use asking me, I don't know any more than you do.
  问我没用,我知道的不比你多。
  (3)“There is + no”后可以用动名词做主语,表示“设法……”
  There was no knowing what he could do.
  他能做什么很难说。
  There was no mistaking in his intention 2.
  他的意图不可能看错。
  动名词在句中作宾语,现在分词不可以
  (1)动名词可以在许多动词之后作宾语
  He admitted taking the money.
  他承认钱是他拿的
  Do you enjoy teaching 3?
  你喜欢教书吗?
  I couldn't help laughing.
  我禁不住笑了起来。
  (2)许多成语动词或者介词之后也可以用动名词作宾语
  They will put off doing it until next year.
  他们将推迟到明年再做此事。
  Prices keep on increasing.
  物价不断上涨。
  She waved to me and went on sketching 4.
  她向我挥挥手,又接着画素描。
  (3)在be worth后也可跟动名词作宾语
  His suggestion is worth considering.
  他的建议值得考虑。
  It's worth making an effort.
  这值得做一番努力。
  现在分词在句中可用作状语,动名词不可以
  (1)现在分词及其短语从表意的角度看可以用作状语。
  现在分词用作状语表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、方式或伴随情况等。其动作可能发生在谓语之前或之后,也可能与谓语动词的动作同时发生
  Hearing the news, they all jumped with joy.
  听到这消息,他们都高兴得跳起来了。(表时间)
  Being a student, he was naturally interested in museums.
  由于他是学生,他自然对博物馆很感兴趣。(表原因)
  If traveling north, you must change at Leeds.
  如果是向北走,你得在利兹换车。(表条件)
  Knowing all this, they made me pay for the damage.
  尽管他们了解这一切,还是要我赔偿损失。(表让步)
  Her husband died in 1960, leaving her with 5 children.
  她丈夫死于1960年,给她留下了五个孩子。(表结果)
  He stood leaning 5 against the wall.
  他靠墙站着。(表方式或伴随情况)
  (2)独立结构。有时现在分词可以有自己的逻辑主语,称之为独立结构。
  The day being fine, we decided 6 to go swimming.
  由于天气晴朗,我们决定去游泳。
  There being ice on the road, I told the driver to slow down.
  路上有冰,我让司机开慢点。

n.航行,航海术,启航
  • Experienced seamen will advise you about sailing in this weather.有经验的海员会告诉你在这种天气下的航行情况。
  • The operation was plain sailing.手术进行得顺利。
n.意图;目的;打算
  • I'm sorry I offended you,but it wasn't my intention.对不起,冒犯你了,但我绝不是有意的。
  • We understood her intention.我们明白了她的心意。
n.教学,执教,任教,讲授;(复数)教诲
  • We all agree in adopting the new teaching method. 我们一致同意采取新的教学方法。
  • He created a new system of teaching foreign languages.他创造了一种新的外语教学体系。
n.草图
  • They are sketching out proposals for a new road. 他们正在草拟修建新路的计划。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • "Imagination is busy sketching rose-tinted pictures of joy. “飞舞驰骋的想象描绘出一幅幅玫瑰色欢乐的场景。 来自英汉文学 - 汤姆历险
n.倾向,爱好,偏爱v.(使)倾斜,屈身( lean的现在分词 );倚;依赖;使斜靠
  • a leaning towards comedy rather than tragedy 偏爱喜剧而不是悲剧
  • Jackson is leaning over backwards to persuade his wealthy uncle. 杰克逊想尽种种办法去讨好他那个有钱的叔叔。 来自《简明英汉词典》
adj.决定了的,坚决的;明显的,明确的
  • This gave them a decided advantage over their opponents.这使他们比对手具有明显的优势。
  • There is a decided difference between British and Chinese way of greeting.英国人和中国人打招呼的方式有很明显的区别。
标签: 英语PK台
学英语单词
apar-
apply for remittance
auricular malformation
Ban Wang Man
be six of one and half a dozen of the other dozen
beastlings
broke the seal
Bucey
Bunsui
called someone out
Carl Gustav Jung
cathemeral
Chiloeches
chromosome banding technique
Container Total Loss
controlled release pesticide
copying
covering body
craion
crystallographic point coordinate
cuts on
decision support model
declare illegitimate
defferential growth coefficient
deghettoize
despatching crossover
direct memory
double action clutch
double-track cam
Dreibund
dysmnesia
ebuccinate
ecthesis
equivalent number of teeth
exonormativity
exponential curves
F18-FDG
filled freeform
fitness band
four-pockets
fourteen principles of management
genus tautogas
GMS
gouiecythere asamushiensis
hacking machine
hantles
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heterosides
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horizontal strip
Hugo, Victor Marie
industrial reserve army
inequality relationships
Ishim
jet interaction element
JME
JXTA
kasparite
Le Fleix
line-to-line fault
Malabar, Gunung
military psychology
Milvus migrans
motherfucker
multipaneled
myelopegia
nigger-rich
optical variable ink
parsing a simple-variable declaration
postroad
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prepention
price-ceiling
proportioning bin
protecting tape
rebracing
register call
reknowned
safe level
shaggable
shelf-stablest
shipping process
single-chain type bench
soap-box
special-decision analysis
speed-transmitter
spring jack
spriteless
St. Main's disease
tea and sympathy
tetrahydroxynorbufostane
th-c
thermadyne
third-gradest
thymotic alcohol
trunkal asynergy
universal tool grinding machine
video graphics array
wifebeater
wind squall
Wright Air Development Centre
Zenza do Itombe