时间:2019-02-09 作者:英语课 分类:大学四六级阅读


英语课

   15选10是大英四级改革后阅读的新题型,有些同学做这种题时会盲目地“试答案”,这不仅会使正确率下降,还会影响答题时间。其实,做这种题时还是有很多规律可循的。一般将备选分类是最有效的方法,可以按词性划分为名词、动词、形容词和副词。同样,平均到这些类别中的词汇也减少到了3、4个,这样通过上下文判别空缺单词的词性来有的放矢地选择答案,作对的几率就会明显上升。


  我觉得这种题型和完型填空还是有相似性的,但要比后者简单。一些完型中的解题技巧可以运用在15选10中。比如,常见的固定搭配,语法知识点和句子与句子间的逻辑关系等。这里会涉及到英语语言的2大特点,即篇章的一致性与连贯性。下面我结合实例进行讲解。
  例:El Nino is the name given to the mysterious and often unpredictable change in the climate of the world. This strange __47__ happens every five to eight years. It starts in the Pacific Ocean and is thought to be caused by a failure in the trade winds, which affects the ocean currents driven by these winds. As the trade winds lessen 1 in __48__ , the ocean temperatures rise, causing the Peru current flowing in from the east to warm up by as much as 5°C
  The warming of the ocean has far-reaching effects. The hot , humid air over the ocean causes severe __49__ thunderstorms. The rainfall is increased across South America __50__ floods to Peru. In the West Pacific, there are droughts affecting Australia and Indonesia. So while some parts or the world prepare for heavy rains and floods, other parts face drought, poor crops and __51__.
  El Nino usually lasts for about 18 months. The 1982-83 El Nino brought the most __52__ weather in modern history. Its effect was worldwide and it left more than 2,000 people dead and caused over eight billon pounds __53__ of damage. The 1990 El Nino lasted until June 1995. Scientists __54__ this to be the longest El Nino for 2,000 years.
  Nowadays, weather expert are able to forecast when an El Nino will __55__, buy they still not __56__ sure what leads to it or what affects how strong it will be.
  备选:
  A) estimate    I) completely
  B) strength    J) destructive 2
  C) deliberately 3  K) starvation
  D) notify 4     L) bringing
  E) tropical    M) exhaustion 5
  F) phenomenon   N) worth
  G) stable     O) strike
  H) attraction
  第一步:先将选项按词性划分:
  名词有B) strength F) phenomenon H) attraction K) starvation M) exhaustion N) worth;
  动词有A) estimate D) notify L) bringing O) strike;
  副词有C) deliberately I) completely;
  形容词有E) tropical G) stable J) destructive
  如果有陌生单词,可以通过前后缀来辨别,这里就不一一赘述。
  第二步:熟悉文章,本文介绍了厄尔尼诺现象发生的原因,以及对世界的气候和人类生活造成的巨大影响。第一段讲述了El Nino的成因,原文首句就提到了El Nino,如果不认识没有关系,因为第一句后半段有climate 这个单词,这说明El Nino与气候变化有关,注意第二句开头的This strange __47__就是指El Nino,之后有动词happens,说明47题应该填一个名词,结合上下文,只有F) phenomenon适合。再看48题,也是一个名词的辨析,由空格之前的介词in得知。前一句的failure和本句的lessen意思一样,表示“减少,减弱”,所以判断选B) strength,表示风的力量减弱。由语言环境判断这两个空全部填名词,所以在具体选择答案时一定要结合上下文的意思。再看第二段,thunderstorms是名词,所以49空应填形容词来修饰它,E) tropical“热带的”符合,表示“热带风暴”。50空前的句意是“南美的降雨量增加”谓语动词是“is increased”,所以后半句应使用非谓语动词形式,表示“给秘鲁带来洪水” L) bringing正好表示“带来”。51题由句意就可判断出答案,“一部分地区洪水泛滥,而另一部分地区遭遇干旱”,该处与drought, poor crops意思并列,只有K) starvation“饥饿”符合。52题又可由词性来判断,weather是名词,之前应用形容词修饰,并且由上下文判断这个词是个贬义词,因此选J) destructive“具有破坏性”。53题后的of damage表示“.…..的损失”所以“over eight billon pounds __53__”是用来修饰它的,根据句意,只有N) worth “价值”与pounds意思相近,表示“带来80亿英镑的损失”。54题根据句子结构判断空格处应填入谓语动词,前一句“厄尔尼诺现象从90年持续到95年”与本句存在推测关系,所以填入A) estimate。55题前的will和应填的词之间是“情态动词+动词”的关系,通过排除法选择O) strike,意思为“科学家们可以提前预测厄尔尼诺现象的发生”。56题由词性判断选择副词I) completely,它修饰动词sure,表示“科学家不十分确信……”
  这是一篇与气候有关的文章。El Nino(厄尔尼诺现象)反复出现,是文章的中心词。像这类热门的话题词汇,考生应格外关注,因为四、六级考试越来越注重与实际问题的结合。如果一眼就洞察出它的意思,那么就能轻松理解文章的大意,这对成绩的提高很有帮助。通过以上讲解,读者不难发现词性划分对于提高15选10这类题型的答题速度和正确率起着举足轻重的作用,考生应多加练习,掌握其中的规律。

vt.减少,减轻;缩小
  • Regular exercise can help to lessen the pain.经常运动有助于减轻痛感。
  • They've made great effort to lessen the noise of planes.他们尽力减小飞机的噪音。
adj.破坏(性)的,毁灭(性)的
  • In the end,it will be destructive of our whole society.它最终会毁灭我们整个社会。
  • It is the most destructive storm in 20 years.这是20年来破坏性最大的一次风暴。
adv.审慎地;蓄意地;故意地
  • The girl gave the show away deliberately.女孩故意泄露秘密。
  • They deliberately shifted off the argument.他们故意回避这个论点。
vt.通知,告知,报告
  • The court clerk will notify the witness when and where to appear.法院办事员将通知证人出庭的时间及地点。
  • He will notify us where we are to meet.他将通知我们在什么地方集合。
n.耗尽枯竭,疲惫,筋疲力尽,竭尽,详尽无遗的论述
  • She slept the sleep of exhaustion.她因疲劳而酣睡。
  • His exhaustion was obvious when he fell asleep standing.他站着睡着了,显然是太累了。
标签: 四级 阅读
学英语单词
absolute past
acths
Actinostemma paniculatum Maxim.
adjacent extreme point method
advanced character
ambrosine
anesthesia unit
aniline-formaldehyde (af) resin
argumentativeness
ariff
binary ring
brake-rod adjuster
bronchial tube
calcaneocuboid medial ligament
categorical syllogism
chitto
colour tube
combination die
connective tissue mast cells
Davion
deliberate speed
demo-graphically
DES (data element set)
dexter chiefs
disagreed
dolbies
dosis non-neutralisata
dual-purpose vehicle
edit distance
fit note
Fluopromazine
frequency-modulation radar
fricatrice
front tube plate
functional phase
funnel drain system
genus Stictomys
Gilbues
gorgonising
Gruinart
hair-styling
Harada's syndrome
hemiparalytic
hexamethyl
honeycomb-radiator
husak
in-tune
Indre, Dép.de l'
infringest
inventory determination
Iqalummiut
kosters
lead tong
linear approximation method
Lloyds TSB Group PLC
locomotive valve pilot
lumber export
Medina worm
microstress gage
miniplasmid
musculi adductor magnus
near-natural uranium reactor
neottia pseudonipponica
nine night
non-socialist
noncentrosymmetrical
noncongealable
nonrestrictive clauses
Old Bailey
overturning test
plexus basilaris
point ignition
Pomerania(Pommern)
Portlaoise
positive hump
punch bowl waterfall
r/w head
roisterers
Salorino
sandculture
scinto
self-organiseds
self-purification constant
sheltered ground
square integrable function
standard television signal
straightforwardnesses
strong stockholder
submittal
sulphur reducing dyes
test accessory
thalassometer
toyota hiace
trachelorrhaphies
Tremella fucitormis
two-way chute
unexpected meeting engagement
Urodela
Urovoson
watson-marlow
workshop outfit
zenographic system of coordinates