98.3a上海英语高级口译资格证书第一阶段考试

SECTION 1: LISTENING TEST (30 minutes)
Part A: Spot Dictation
Directions: In this part of the test, you will hear a passage and read the same passage with
blanks in it. Fill in each of the blanks with the word or words you have heard on the tape. Write
your answer in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET. Remember you will hear
the passage only once.
Business people spend quite a lot of time in meetings and meetings come in all shapes and
sizes: ranging from ___ ___(1) to informal one-to-one meetings. There are _________(2)
why meetings are held: reaching decisions in a meeting means that all the participants can
________ (3) the decision: more information is available; and different ideas can be contributed.
Meetings can lead to more_ ___(4):—often more courageous 1 decisions than one
person might feel brave enough to make.
But meetings also_______ ___(5): more time is required; there's more talk,
sometimes irrelevant 3 and repetitive; and_________ _____(6).
The more people there are at a meeting, the longer it may take to reach a decision.
There______ ___(7) for meetings, depending on the purpose—a meeting where
information is being given to people can be quite large, as questions______ ___(8) may
be asked by a few individuals on everyone else's behalf.
The way a committee operates often depends on_____ ______(9) or chairperson:
he or she may control the proceedings 4 or__ _________(10) whenever they want. An
effective chairperson should be flexible. In some meetings the mernbers have to_____ ___(11)
before a decision can be made: formal proposals or “motions” may have to be
tabled,_________ (12) before a vote can taken. Other meeting may require____ ___(13)
—everyone has to agree.
Most meetings have an agenda. For a formal meeting, this document may be____ ____(14)
to all participants. For an informal meeting, the agenda may simply be__ ______(15) that
have to be dealt with. The purpose of an agenda______________(16) the meeting and keep
everyone to the point. The agenda for a formal meeting must be organized________ ___(17).
Often the agenda shows not only the topics but also ________ __ (18) regarding each topic.
All items on which a decision is to be taken should appear on the agenda.
One-to-one small informal meetings also tend to be ______ ___ (19). They are
different from ________ __ (20) in a corridor or over coffee. Small informal meetings may
also take place or continue during a meal.
Part B: Listening Comprehension
Directions: In this part of the test there will be some short talks and conversations. After each
one, you will be asked some questions. The talks, comversations and questions will be spoken
only once. Now listen carefully and choose the right answer to each question you have heard and
write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSWER
BOOKLET.
Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following conversation.
1. (A) The comparison in cost of living between different countries.
(B) The advantages and disadvantages of working in different places.
(C) Where to spend their forthcoming holidays.
(D) Which university their eldest 6 son should attend.
2. (A) Hamburg. (B) Frankfurt.
(C) Munich. (D) Berlin.
3. (A) It is the highest.
(B) It is the lowest.
(C) It comes in between the other two jobs.
(D) No such comparison is made in the conversation.
4. (A) One year. (B) Around two years.
(C) No more than five years. (D) Between five and ten years.
5. (A) The cost of living Germany is approximately the same as in Britain.
(B) They agree that Munich would be the best city to live in.
(C) The Frankfurt job will help the man's career most.
(D) Their children don't like winter sports.
Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following news.
6. (A) The project will go ahead whatever happens.
(B) The project has to be cancelled because it's too expensive.
(C) The project will stop if the U.S. and Russia reach a new arms agreement.
(D) The project will be debated in Congress before he approves it.
7. (A) The United Kingdom. (B) Belgium.
(C) The United States. (D) Russia.
8. (A) 7.5% (B) 8%
(C) 12% (D) 13%
9. (A) He visited an exhibition of robots.
(B) He talked with a group of car manufacturers.
(C) He chaired an industrial meeting.
(D) He opened a new car factory.
10.(A) Water pollution.
(B) Hot weather.
(C) An excessive demand for water.
(D) Bad management of the local water authorities.
Question 11 to 15 are based on the following interview.
11.(A) She had originally been trained at college for that job.
(B) She has been suffering from serious anorexia 7.
(C) She found the job terribly enjoyable.
(D) She went into the job more or less by chance.
12. (A) An infant teacher. (B) A child psychologist.
(C) An exercise teacher. (D) A hypnotist.
13. (A) Because she thought the job wasn't very exciting.
(B) Because the pay wasn't so good as she had expected.
(C) Because she has developed a serious eating problem.
(D) Because she was going to leave America.
14. (A) Because she has made a mistake in teaching exercises.
(B) Because she was impressed by his skill.
(C) Because she has got a minor 8 eating problem.
(D) Because she intended to go into this profession.
15. (A) People with various sleeping problems.
(B) Peoople who has very low self images.
(C) People who were putting on weight.
(D) People who wanted to go into the profession.
Questions 16 to 20 are based on the following talk.
16. (A) The board of directiors.
(B) The company shareholders 9.
(C) The department managers of the company.
(D) A group of investment analysts 10.
17. (A) The company's past performance.
(B) The company's expansion plan.
(C) The promotion 11 of the company's new product.
(D) The improvement of the company's management.
18. (A) Advertising 12. (B) Market analysis and counselling.
(C) Home security systems. (D) Grass mowers.
19. (A) Bad market conditions. (B) Competition from rivals.
(C) Faulty products. (D) Inadequate 13 after-sales service.
20. (A) 1.1 million dollars. (B) 5.5 million dollars.
(C) 5.6 million dollars. (D) 6.6 million dollars.
SECTION 2: READING GEST (30 minutes)
Directions: In this section you will read several passages. Each one is followed by several
questions about it. You are to choose ONE best answer, (A), (B), (C) or (D), to each question.
Answer all the questions following each passage on the basis of what is stated or implied in that
passage and write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your
ANSWER BOOKLET.
Question 1~5
The final irony 16 in the case of the Bridgewater Three is that they might have has a far better
chance of a new life if they had committed a crime. As Michael and Vincent Hickey and James
Robinson try to come to terms with the last 18 years, they will receive none of the help or
rehabilitation that convicted criminals could expect.
Psychologists and probation 17 officers say the effect on those wrongfully convicted can be
compared to hostages held in the Middle East. Many face severe depression and post-traumatic
stress disorder 18. "No amount of compensation will pay for what they've been through," said David
Boag, a chartered forensic 19 psychologist who has in prisons for nearly 30 years. "This would
devastate anybody. It is likely to have very, very negative effects on their life for a very long
time.
"At the moment they will be very excited about being released, but after a while they could
be overwhelmed by feelings of depression."
People who were wrongfully held often did suffer post-traumatic stress disorder:"They keep
on going over and over the case. They can't get shot of it. They keep reliving the experience."
He said there were four main stages people went through: "Sometimes they go into denial
and can't believe it's happened that they have actually been released. Then there is anger and
resentment that it happened in the first place. After that they may become emotionally drained
and depressed 20. They feel like they are disappearing down the black hole. Then there is the final
adjustment and acceptance but you don't know how long it can take."
It is a familiar tale to previous victims of injustice 21. A year after his release Paddy Hill, one
of the Birmingham Six, said in a newspaper interview:"Sometimes I feel like bursting into tears,
or I have just to walk away... There are times when I wish I was back in jail."
In the cases of the Guildford Four, they found different ways of adjusting. While Gerard
Conlon achieved fame and money through his best-selling autobiography 22, In the Name of the
Father, and Paul Hill married into the Kennedy clan 23, the other two, Patrick Armstrong and
Carole Richardson, have quietly faded into anonymity 24.
In purely 25 practical terms the Bridgewater Three will have to adjust to a very different world
to the one they left in 1979. Since then the Cold War has ended, the Berlin Wall has come down
and Nelson Mandela has been released. In day-to-day life back in 1979, simple electronic
calculators were prized pieces of advanced technology, office workers used typewriters and the
equivalents of desk-top PCs took up small rooms. Remote controls for televisions were still a
thing of the future as were hole-in-the-wall cash dispensers."There have been major changes in
society," said Dr. Gisli Gudjonsson, reader in forensic psychology 26 at the University of London.
"They will not be used to the increased traffic or the differences in technology. They may find it
terrifying to get on a bus or a train or the Tube. And if people are let out suddenly they have no
opportunity to adjust."
This is the major problem psychologists agree that the Bridgewater Three face. They will
not have had any preparation which long-term prisoners normally receive and they will not be
supervised by the probation service on their release. For the convicted criminal, the probation
service must make sure there is accommodation arranged, that prisoners are signed on at social
security and are connected to employment serices. With no such service for the wrongfully
convicted, they could even have problems even with tasks such as opening a bank account.
1. According to passage, which of the following is NOT true about the Bridgewater Three?
(A) They were jailed eighteen years ago.
(B) They were released after the completion of their prison terms.
(C) They have been found not guilty after 18 years of imprisonment 27.
(D) They are victims of injustice.
2. The statement "They can't get shot of it."(para.4) can be paraphrased 28 as "_________"
(A) They do not know how to face the future.
(B) They are too excited to believe they are free.
(C) They are unable to rid themselves of the emotional disorder.
(D) They do not learn the lesson from their imprisonment.
3. It can be concluded that all of the foolowing statements about the Bridgewater Three, the
Birmingham Six and the Guidford Four are true EXCEPT that _______.
(A) they are the victims of injustice
(B) they face the difficulty of adjustment after release
(C) they were wrongfully held in prison for a number of years
(D) they win their freedom through their own struggle
4. The author listed (in para. 8) a number of changes in political, social and day-to-day life
mainly to show ______.
(A) how difficult it is for the Bridgewater Three to adjust to the world today
(B) how fast the world will have been changing when crimes are under control
(C) how advanced the modern technology has become
(D) how close the relationship is between politics and science
5. In writing the last paragraph of the passage the author ______.
(A) gives the summery of the article
(B) lists more examples of the injustice done to the Bridgewater Three
(C) shows the different treatments the Bridgewater Three and convicted criminals receive
(D) criticizes openly the injustice imposed on the Bridgewater Three
Question 6~10
Displaying a giant banner protesting global warming, Greenpeace, the confrontational
environmental group that has known better days, on Wednesday brought its campaign against oil
exploration in the arctic to downtown Los Angeles.
Two activists 29 climbed 13 stories up Atlantic Richfield's 51-story building before unfurling a
banner featuring a polar bear and reading "Arctic oil:Global Warming, Chill the Drills."
Greenpeace has chosen the bear as a symbol because of scientific concerns about the
vulnerability of arctic wildlife to global warming as icebergs 30 melt and the northern habitat heats.
Five people were arrested at the demonstration 31, which caused police to temporarily close
portions of two streets and snarled 32 downtown traffic for hours as Fire Department personnel
positioned huge air bags on the ground in case the climbers fell.
For Greenpeace, the demonstration was one of several recent protests, after a reorganization
over the summer, that mark a reemphasis of the sort of dramatic direct action that made the
group famous.
After a steep decline in U.S. membership that saw the rolls drop to 420,000 from more than
1 million in 1991, the organization earlier this year closed 10 field offices across the country. It
also began calling attention to some of its less controversial work--its efforts to develop a more
energy-efficient car and its lobbying for tougher restrictions 33 on the huge "factory" trawlers
widely blamed for depleting 34 worldwide fish populations.
But in September, members of the group launched a small flotilla of inflatable dinghies into
Alaska's Becaufort Sea in an effort to prevent a huge floating oil rig from moving to a drill site
in coastal 35 waters off the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge.
Greenpeace has targeted Arco because of the company's plans to look for oil just off the
arctic refuge, the home of an extraordinary array of northern wildlife.
Although drilling operations could lead to spills or accidents that might harm bears, whales
and birds, Greenpeace says its main concern is the long-term climate effects of oil dependency.
The burning of fossil fuels is considered to be the primary way people contribute to global
warming.
Al Greenstein, a company spokeaman, said that Greenpeace was wrong to equate 14 arctic oil
drilling with global warming.
"It's not a production issue. It's a matter of consumption," Greenstein said."As long as
people choose to depend on oil, and we think they will for decades to come, the choice is
whether to import oil or develop our own sources."
The five Los Angeles protesters were arrested on suspicion of trespassing 36.
6. The expression "that has known better days"(para. 1) can mean all of the following EXCEPT
that ______.
(A) it has once achieved more successes
(B) it has once has a larger membership
(C) it has once organized more direct actions
(D) it has once been involved in more controversial issues
7. The expression "Chill the Drills" in the slogan "Arctic Oil: Global warming, Chill the Drills."
(para. 2) can possibly be paraphrased as "_______".
(A) save the polar bears
(B) stop the oil exploration
(C) reduce the consumption of fossil fuels
(D) destroy the drilling apparatus
8. Which of the following is implied, but not directly stated, in the passage?
(A) Greenpeace has had a sharp decline in membership.
(B) Greenpeace has changed its tactics.
(C) Greenpeace has resumed dramatic direct actions.
(D) Greenpeace has undergone reorganization.
9. According to the passage, the five protesters were arrested at the demonstration under the
accusation that _____.
(A) they stopped the traffic for hours
(B) they destroyed part of the building
(C) they invaded private property without permission
(D) they organised and headed up the demonstration
10.Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?
(A) Greenpeace Targets Arco Building in Latest Protest
(B) Five Protesters Arrested at Greenpeace Demonstration
(C) Polar Bears: Central Concern of Greenpeace
(D) Oil Production vs. Oil Consumption: Global Warming
Questions 11~15
Oscar Wilde, the celebrated 37 wit and playwright 38 who ended his days in disgrace and ruin, is
finally being remembered in the way he wanted. As he put it:"Something more than a man with a
tragic 39 vice 15 in his life. There is so much more in me, and I always was a good father to both my
children."
A century after his release, Britain is going wild for Wilde. His comedies, such as The
Importance of Being Earnest, (which he described as "exquisitely 40 trivial") and Lady
Windermere's Fan have enjoyed a consistent popularity in repertory theatres around the country,
and in the next few months his personality and cultural impact will be explored in a west End
play, two screen versions and a new biography.
The film Wilde, due out in the autumn and starring actor and author Stephen Fry, intends to
balance his homosexuality, for which he was imprisoned 41, with his love for his wife, Constance,
and two sons.
The producers, brothers Marc and Peter Samuelson, said they felt that the Victorian writer's
scandalous affair with Lord Alfred "Bosie" Douglas, which led to his downfall, painted an
"incomplete" picture of the man.
Directed by Brian Gilbert, the film focuses on 15 years of Wilde's life, when most of his
great works, including The Importance of Being Earnest and An Ideal Husband, were written.
The script is adapted from Richard Ellmann's definitive 42 biography, and Vanessa Redgrave plays
Wilde's mother.
Only now, says Fry, is his subject receiving the universal respect that is his due."He stands
for all people who refused to freeze themselves into a moral code," he said on BBC Radio
yesterday.
Because of today's more liberal attitudes, the film is likely to be more sexually explicit 43 than
previous studies which could not focus enough on homosexuality, and instead merely alluded 44 to
sexual practices which Wilde himself called "feadting with panthers."
The actor Simon Callow has been winning rave 2 reviews for The Importance of Being Oscar,
a one-man show at the Savoy Theatre which opened last week, in which he attempts to humanise,
rather than eulogise the playwright.
"Wilde constructed a personality for himself, believing that on it depended his value as an
artist," Callow has said. "By personality he didn't mean in the corrupted 45 sense... but the inner life
transformed into the outer self."
Wilde's grandson, Merlin Holland, has given the show his enthusiastic backing. He hinself
is working on a new book about his ancestor's life, and he said yesterday:"The British public are
happy enough to read his children's stories to their children, or clap at revivals 47 of The
Importance of Being Earnest, but his private life you just didn't ask about."
"To find now that it's all been brough back together and the whole man is there is delightful 48.
I'm very happy about that."
Also in progress is a film version of Wilde's play The Ideal Husband, which is about a
cabinet minister revered 49 by all women as being the ideal man, yet who hides his corruption
behind a facade 50.
Wilde himself has already won a kind of establishment acceptance. In 1995, he was finally
given the stamp of approval with an inscription 51 on a new stained-glass window at Poets' Corner
in Westminster Abbey. Even the present Marquess of Queensberry, descendant of the man who
put Wilde behind bars for sodomy, was reported to have joined the Oscar Wilde Society.
But Professor Alan Sinfield, author of The Wilde Century, says that the image of Wilde, as a
consequence of the trials, set up the notion of the queer man of the 20th century.
"I thought at the time there's always been two Oscar Wildes-one that's synonym 52 for
queerness and the one that's at the Haymarket with all sorts of knights 53 and ladies." Until recently,
he said, it was quite difficult to marry the two together.
The fact that newest productions were doing so could signify an increasingly enlightened
attitude towards homosexuality--or "a technique for putting homosexuality back into a box, by
saying we recognise that, enough of it, now we'll get to the full man," Professor Sinfield said.
11. All of the following plays were written by the playwright Oscar Wilde EXCEPT_____.
(A) The Importance of Being Earnest (B) Lady Windermere's fan
(C) The Importance of Being Oscar (D) The Ideal Husband
12. The word "vice" in the expression "Something more than a man with a tragic vice in his life"
(para. 1) can best be replaced by which of the following?
(A) ill fate (B) immoral 54 character
(C) vicious intention (D) mental weakness
13. The present Marquess of Queensberry is mentioned in the passage to show that ________.
(A) Wilde is still quite popular with the public
(B) Wilde is no longer condemned 55 for his homosexuality
(C) people remember Wilde in the way he wanted
(D) the change of attitude toward Wilde is radical 56 enough
14. It can be concluded from Professor Alan Sinfield's comment that _______.
(A) there are two contrastive images of the playwright Oscar Wilde
(B) there are two Oscar Wildes in British literary history
(C) the two Oscar Wildes could never agree with each other
(D) the playwright Oscar Wilde changed his personality later in life
15. Which of the following is NOT true about the playwright Oscar Wilde according to the
passage?
(A) Wilde has been considered a controversial figure over the past century.
(B) There is a strong revival 46 of interest in both Wilde's plays and his personality.
(C) The reevaluation of Oscar Widle is more objective and humanistic.
(D) The British public fully 5 accept Wilde's homosexuality.
Questions 16~20
All men can trace their ancestry 57 back to one man who lived 150,000 years ago and whose
closest living relatives are a small tribe in South Africa, according to scientists who have spent a
decade searching for the original Adam.
Research into the human Y chromosome 58--which sons only inherit from their fathers--has
pinpointed 59 the time and place where just one man gave rise to the male genetic 60 ingredients of all
men alive today.
The geneticists have also located the oldest direct descendants of this Adam, whom they say
lived alongside an African Eve who was identified in similar studies 10 years ago.
The khoisan people of South Africa, some with a hunter-gatherer tradition stretching back
thousands of years, share most of the genetic traits that first arose when Adam hunted game and
collected berries in his African Garden of Eden.
Two independent investigations 62 of minute mutations on the Y chromosome pinpointed the
Khoisan people, who are also known as Bushmen or Hottentots, as the only ethnic 64 group to
possess so many ancient remnants of the original Adam.
Dr. Michael Hammer, a geneticist at the University of Arizona, analysed the Y chromosome
of more than 1,500 men selected from ethnic groups around the world and found a clear line of
descendent from the African Adam to the present-day Khoisan people.
"One way of looking at this is that the Y chromosome traces back to people who lived in
Africa. We have evidence that the Y chromosomes 65 in all men today trace back to one African
male at some time in the past," he said. "It is possible that this male was not anatomically
modern. He may have been more like Homo erectus, one of our hominid ancestors, but his Y
chromosome survived the change in the way we look."
By studying the variety of mutations in the Y chromosome of men alive today, Hammer's
team was able to determine how long it has taken these genetic changes to arise and where the
original source came from.
He found that the Khoisan, who speak a unique click language, preserved an ancient genetic
signal as well as an old cultural heritage. "The oldest branch of the ［human family］ tree that
traces all the way back to Adam is represented today by the Khoisan people," Hammer said.
"Something like 20% of the Khoisan men have this old, old Y chromosome. We don't find it at
all in European populations and it is present in very low levels, 2% or 3%, in other African
groups."
A separate study of Y chromosomes by Dr. Peter Oefner, a senior researcher at Stanford
University in California, also supports the link between Adam and the Khoisan, who now live in
South Africa but whose ancestors probably emigrated from the Rift 66 Valley of east Africa where
Homo sapiens is believed to have evolved.
The scientists said the research does not support the biblical story of a single man and
woman in a Garden of Eden. "This result does not mean there was ever only one male but rather
that a unique mutation 63 occurred, resulting in one son who defined the new (genetic) line and
whose male descendants eventually reached a majority in Africa. Some offspring of this lineage
left Africa to populate the entire globe," Oefner said.
16. The Khoisan people of South Africa are studied by scientists because ________.
(A) they have had a long hunter-gatherer tradition
(B) their ancestors built the first Garden of Eden
(C) their descendants quickly spread to the whole world
(D) they have possessed 67 the earliest genetic traits of man
17. The expression "minute mutations" (para. 5) can be paraphrased as "_______."
(A) immediate 68 occurrences (B) small alterations
(C) great transformations 69 (D) slow evolution
18. Which of the following is NOT true about the expression "African Garden of Eden"?
(A) It is a geographical 70 location in South Africa.
(B) It is coined from the Holy Bible.
(C) It is used to symbolize 71 the birthplace of the human race.
(D) It is said to be the place where the legendary 72 Adam and Eve lived.
19. According to Dr. Peter Oefner, the Khoisan people _______.
(A) have never left their land in South Africa
(B) have only one single man and woman as their earliest ancestors
(C) have a unique genetic line in their male descendants
(D) can find their history reflected in the Bible
20. Which of the following best expresses the main idea of the passage?
(A) The Khoisan people are one of the earliest and advanced civilizations in the world.
(B) The biblical account of human history is based on the ethnic groups in South Africa.
(C) The investigation 61 of genetic traits reveals that the earliest human ancestors are from
South Africa.
(D) Homo erectus and Homo sapiens are both the ancestors of the human race.
SECTION 3: TRANSLATION TEST (30 minutes)
Directions: Translate the following passage into Chinese and write your version in the
corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.
The three sacred words "duty", "honor" and "country" reverently 73 dictate 74 what you should
be, what you can be, and what you will be. They urge you to build courage when courage seems
to fail, to regain 75 faith when there seems to be little cause for faith, to create hope when hope
becomes abandoned. I am convinced that these words teach you to be proud and unbending in
honest failure, but humble 76 and gentle in success; not to substitute words for action; not to seek
the path of comfort, but to face the stress of difficulty and challenge; to learn to stand up in the
storm, but to have compassion 77 on those who fall; to have a heart that is clean, a goal that is high;
to learn to laugh, yet never forget how to weep; to reach into the future, yet never neglect the
past; to be serious, yet never take yourself too seriously; to be modest so that you will remember
the simplicity 78 of true greatness, the open mind of true wisdom, the meekness 79 of true strength. In
short, these words teach you to be both a militant 80 fighter and a gentleman.