英语副词的主要句法功能
英语课
1. 用作状语。如：
He speaks English very well. 他英语说得很好。
I often get up at six in the morning. 我经常是在早晨6点钟起床。
He went home yesterday. / Yesterday he went home. 他昨天回家了。
2. 用作表语。如：
I’ll be back in five minutes. 我五分钟就回来。
I must be off 1 now. 我现在得走了。
Is the radio on or off? 收音机是开着的还是关着的?
在一般情况下，作表语时不用副词而用形容词：
误：He looks very angrily.
正：He looks very angry. 他看上去很生气。
误：Mr. Smith is very carefully 2.
正：Mr. Smith is very careful. 史密斯先生很仔细。
英语中可用作表语的副词主要是表地点的副词以及某些与介词同形的副词，常见的有here, there, up, down, away, nearby 3, back, in, home, ahead 4, upstairs 5, downstairs 6, off, through, on, over 等。而且这些副词只能用于连系动词be 后作表语，而不用于其他连系动词后作表语，如：
误：He seems 7 here. / He seems away.
正：He is here. / He is away.
3. 用作宾语。如：
It’s hot in here. 这里面很热。
It’s not far from here. 从这儿去不远。
I’ll stay at home tonight. 今晚我将呆在家里。
副词用作宾语的用法十分有限，通常只用作介词宾语，并且只限于某些表示时间和地点的副词，而且不同的副词有不同的搭配特点，如 here和there 可与along 8, around, down, from, in, near, round, up 等介词连用，但通常不与介词to连用，如不说come to here, go to there 等(注:from here to there是例外)。
4. 用作宾语补足语。如：
Please ask him in, please. 请叫他进来。
I’m pleased 9 to see you back. 看到你回来了我很高兴。
一般说来，只有能用作表语的副词才可用作宾语补足语。
5. 用作定语。如：
Is there anything on tonight? 今晚有什么活动吗?
The people there were very friendly 10. 那儿的人很友好。
在通常情况下，副词用作定语总是放在被修饰的名词或代词之后。
adj.远的；休假的，空闲的；adv.走开，出发，隔断；prep.离开，脱落，在...之外
- You'd better cool off first.你最好先冷静下来。
- I need some time off.我需要一些时间休息。
adv.仔细地；小心地
- If you watch carefully you will see how to do it. 如果你仔细观察，你就会看出如何做此事了。
- Now listen carefully everybody.请大家仔细地听。
adj.附近的；adv.在附近；prep.在...附近
- There is a supermarket nearby.附近有一家超市。
- We went fishing in the river nearby.我们去附近的河里钓鱼。
adv.在前，向前，提前，在前面
- We have to go ahead to find a garage.我们得到前边找个修车厂。
- Youth looks ahead and age backward.青年人向前看，老年人向后看。
adj.楼上的；adv.在楼上，往楼上，高水平地，上层地，头脑上地；n.楼上
- He would prefer to meet me downstairs rather than upstairs.他宁愿在楼下见我，而不愿在楼上。
- I think I'll go upstairs and have a sleep.我想上楼去睡一觉。
adj.楼下的；adv.在楼下；n.楼下
- He went downstairs to breakfast.他下楼去吃早饭了。
- I'll come downstairs in a minute.我马上下楼。
v.好像，仿佛( seem的第三人称单数 )
- She seems to feel ambivalent about her new job. 她似乎对新工作忧喜参半。
- Her return to the team now seems a certainty. 她的归队现在似乎已成定局。
adv.一道，一起；prep.沿着，顺着
- Would you like to come along?你想一起去吗？
- They walked slowly along the road.他们沿着公路慢慢走。
adj.高兴的，快乐的，喜欢的，满意的
- She was pleased to hear good news about him.听到他的好消息，她很高兴。
- Whichever day you come,we will be pleased to see you.无论你哪一天来，我们都很高兴。
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