上海牛津初中英语九年级上--CHAPTER 6 READING

CHAPTER SIX   READING   Pages 80 and 81

[00:08.20]MEMORY

[00:10.84]Joyce wanted to have a feature about memory.

[00:16.30]She and her editors all agreed to write short articles on this topic.

[00:25.26]I read in a book that we have a short-term 1 memory and long-term memory.

[00:33.12]When people get older,their short-term memory becomes worse,

[00:39.97]but we can still remember things that happened a long time ago.

[00:46.21]My Grandad told me a joke about memory.

[00:51.77]He said,'When you get old,three things start to go wrong.

[00:58.62]First,you start to lose your memory.

[01:03.09]And I can't remember what the other things are!'

[01:07.81]Memory is essential for life.

[01:13.14]I saw a programme on television about a man.

[01:19.62]who had had an accident and injured his brain.

[01:25.79]Afterwards,he could not remember any thing for longer than a few minutes.

[01:33.96]His wife visited him in hospital every day,

[01:39.81]but he forgot her visits a few minutes after she left.

[01:46.58]He was often angry with her because he thought that she never visited him.

[01:53.84]It was very sad.

[01:57.50]One basic way of improving your memory is to use the link method.

[02:04.87]If you want to memorize something, you must make a picture in your mind

[02:11.53]If the picture is silly,strange and colourful,you will remember it better.

[02:18.29]For example,I am trying to remember the word 'smiles'.

[02:24.25]An easy way to do this is to imagine there is a 'mile'

[02:29.89]between the first letter and the last letter.

[02:34.75]This makes it the longest word in the world!

[02:40.31]In the Guinness Book of Records,

[02:44.18]we can find some amazing stories about memory.

[02:49.51]For example,Gong Yangling from Harbin in China

[02:55.86]has memorized more than 15,000  telephone numbers.

[03:02.70]And Dominic O'Brien from Britain remembered the correct order

[03:09.26]of 1,820 playing cards,after seeing them just once.

[03:17.62]Memory is connected with our feelings.

[03:22.89]For example,if someone says 'This is a spider,'

[03:29.95]and then puts a large spider on your hand,

[03:35.28]you will probable 2 remember the word 'spider'!

[03:40.45]When something dramatic 3 happens,we usually remember it well,

[03:47.29]and we also remember where we were and what we were doing .

[03:53.17]For example,98% of older people in the USA

[03:59.93]can remember where they were

[04:04.09]when they heard about the death of President John F Kennedy in 1963.

[04:11.85]LISTENING  Page 83

[04:16.39]Testing your memory

[04:20.15]These exercises will test your memory.

[04:25.22]Listen,but do not take notes.

[04:30.37]Write short answers to the questions.

[04:35.23]The first one is done for you.

[04:39.67]Part A

[04:42.59]1.a dog   a cake

[04:48.97]a lion   a book

[04:53.83]a cat

[04:56.78]Question 1:

[04:59.81]How many animals were in that list?

[05:05.37]2.a telephone

[05:10.23]a fax-machine

[05:13.57]a boat

[05:16.32]a policeman

[05:19.48]a television set

[05:22.95]Question 2:

[05:26.11]What was the first item in that list?

[05:31.68]3.a banana

[05:36.12]a hamburger

[05:39.15]an apple

[05:42.18]a coconut 4

[05:45.21]a Pisa

[05:48.06]Question 3:

[05:51.22]How many fruits were in that list?

[05:56.28]4.a policeman

[06:00.72]a postman

[06:03.68]a teacher

[06:07.12]a headmaster

[06:10.29]a waitress

[06:13.21]Question 4:

[06:16.45]How many of those words ended in 'man'?

[06:23.61]5.oxygen

[06:28.34]water   carbon

[06:32.99]nitrogen  pollution

[06:37.84]Question 5:

[06:41.01]In that list,what was the word after the word 'water'?

[06:48.87]6.a car    a ferry

[06:55.40]a bicycle   a ship

[06:59.97]an aeroplane

[07:03.21]Question 6:

[07:06.45]How many of these vehicles have wheels?

[07:12.69]7.blue   sky

[07:18.86]bird    rainbow

[07:23.61]building

[07:27.27]Question 7:

[07:30.43]How many of the words in that list begin with the letter B?

[07:38.29]8.bread    rice

[07:44.35]trousers   green

[07:49.21]elephant   blue

[07:53.76]Question 8:

[07:56.92]What was the fourth word in that list?

[08:01.88]9.a bridge  a tunnel

[08:08.83]mountain  a river

[08:13.40]a highway

[08:16.27]Question 9:

[08:19.44]How many of the things in that list are not made by people?

[08:27.48]10.Peter Ann Steven

[08:35.84]Katy Elen

[08:40.39]Question 10:

[08:43.55]What was the second name in that list?

[08:48.20]Part B

[08:51.36]Yesterday afternoon, Grandma,that's my mother,lost her glasses.

[08:59.61]We were not surprised,she is 83 and she often loses things and forgets things.

[09:08.57]So everyone in the family had to help her to find them.

[09:14.92]'They cost over 2,000 yuan',she said,

[09:20.77]'we must  find them.' My son James said,

[09:27.33]'Grandma,you're wearing them.' But she said,

[09:34.49]'No, these are my old glasses.

[09:40.05]Look,these glasses have a gray frame 5.

[09:46.01]My new glasses are pink.'

[09:50.45]Grandma had been doing some cooking, so I looked all around the kitchen.

[09:58.31]But I could not find them.

[10:02.38]Grandma looked in her bedroom.

[10:06.75]James looked all around the sittingroom.

[10:12.31]No one could find the glasses.

[10:17.17]About half an hour later my husband Sam returned home,

[10:24.14]'Here are your glasses,Grandma,' he said.

[10:29.39]'Oh,where were they?' she asked,

[10:35.25]'Did I leave them in the car?'

[10:39.32]'No,you broke them on Friday,and you asked me to get them repaired.

[10:48.07]I've just been to the shop to get them,' he said.

[10:53.74]'Oh,yes.I forgot,' she said.

[10:59.38]'Thanks very much.'

[11:03.33]Question 1 How old is Grandma?

[11:09.78]Question 2 How much did Grandma's new glasses cost?

[11:18.32]Question 3 What is the name of the woman's son?

[11:24.70]Question 4 Was Grandma wearing her new glasses?

[11:32.45]Question 5 What colour were Grandma's new glasses?

[11:40.60]Question 6 Where did the woman look for the glasses?

[11:48.65]Question 7 Where did Grandma look for her glasses?

[11:57.19]Question 8 Who looked all around the sitting room?

[12:05.13]Question 9 Who was Sam?

[12:11.09]Question 10 Where had the glasses been?

[12:18.14]SPEAKING Page 88

[12:23.11]A Talk time   Apologies and excuses

[12:31.44]Exercise A1

[12:35.20]Arthur:Sorry I'm late,Tony, but the minibus broke down,and there were no taxis.

[12:44.26]Tony:That's all right,Arthur.

[12:47.92]I've just got here myself,so I wasn't waiting for long.

[12:55.78]Arthur:And,Tony, I'm terribly sorry,

[12:59.23]but I've forgotten to bring the tickets with me.

[13:04.30]Tony:Oh,don't say that.How could you do that?

[13:10.15]Arthur:It's my memory.It's so bad these days.

[13:16.63]I can't remember anything any more.

[13:20.99]Tony:Then you'd better do something about it,hadn't you?

[13:26.06]MORE PRACTICE  Page 93

[13:31.21]How to Improve Your Memory

[13:35.96]There are many things you can do to improve your memory.

[13:42.13]Among them are various memorizing methods

[13:48.08]as well as taking special care of your health.

[13:53.36]It is important that you regularly stimulate 6 your brain

[13:59.42]to make your memory more efficient.

[14:04.07]You can do this by doing activities that you do not normally 7 do

[14:10.94]and by changing your daily habits.

[14:15.59]Learning a new skill helps your brain to develop.

[14:21.36]When trying to memorize something,you should focus your attention

[14:28.13]and concentrate on the most important things about it.

[14:34.37]Do not allow other thoughts to enter your mind

[14:40.33]because this will lower your chances of making accurate 8 memories.

[14:47.41]An excellent way to help memory is to link information with pictures.

[14:56.16]These are referred to as mnemonic techniques.

[15:01.83]Try to see the images in your mind.

[15:06.87]Taking notes,being organized and keeping a diary will also be useful tools.

[15:15.51]Healthy food and plenty of vitamins

[15:20.56]are essential for your memory to work properly.

[15:25.91]Drinking a lot of water also helps maintain 9 your memory.

[15:33.46]You must allow your brain to have enough sleep and rest.

[15:39.83]When you are asleep, your brain stores memory.

[15:46.00]Not enough sleep can,therefore,cause problems with storing information.

[15:53.76]In addition,being tired will stop you from being able to concentrate well.

[16:01.31]Caffeine in tea and coffee

[16:05.75]are very good at preventing sleepines helping 10 concentration 11,

[16:12.80]but they can also cause problems with memory.

[16:18.86]In order to concentrate well, you must be relaxed.

[16:24.82]Generally keeping fit and regular health checks are both important as well

[16:32.26]not just for improving your memory.