SSS 2010-05-27
时间：2018-12-24 作者：英语课 分类：Scientific American(五)月
This is Scientific American's 60-Second Science, I'm Steve Mirsky. Got a minute?
A strain of mutant mice groom 1 compulsively till they seriously injure themselves. The condition is considered a good animal model for OCD, and it’s similar to the human disorder 2 trichotillomania, where people pull out their own hair. Now researchers have successfully treated this pathological behavior in the mice—with a bone marrow 3 transplant. The work, led by Nobel Laureate Mario Capecchi, was published in the journal Cell.
The mouse condition is related to immune system cells called microglia. These cells originate in the bone marrow and wind up in the brain, where their job is to fight off infections. But a genetic 4 mutation 5 leads to defective 6 microglia, which drive the mice to perform the odd, self-mutilating behavior.
The researchers gave 10 mutant mice bone marrow from healthy mice. And the presence of normal microglia stopped the compulsion. It’s compelling evidence for the long-proposed link between the immune system and certain psychiatric disorders 7.
Capecchi warns that bone marrow transplants are too risky 8 to be commonly used against, for example, OCD. Rather, a fuller understanding of the immune system-mental illness connection should produce new treatments.
Thanks for the minute for Scientific American’s 60-Second Science. I’m Steve Mirsky.
- His father was a groom.他父亲曾是个马夫。
- George was already being groomed for the top job.为承担这份高级工作，乔治已在接受专门的培训。
- When returning back,he discovered the room to be in disorder.回家后，他发现屋子里乱七八糟。
- It contained a vast number of letters in great disorder.里面七零八落地装着许多信件。
- It was so cold that he felt frozen to the marrow. 天气太冷了，他感到寒冷刺骨。
- He was tired to the marrow of his bones.他真是累得筋疲力尽了。
- It's very difficult to treat genetic diseases.遗传性疾病治疗起来很困难。
- Each daughter cell can receive a full complement of the genetic information.每个子细胞可以收到遗传信息的一个完全补偿物。
- People who have this mutation need less sleep than others.有这种突变的人需要的睡眠比其他人少。
- So far the discussion has centered entirely around mutation in the strict sense.到目前为止，严格来讲，讨论完全集中于围绕突变问题上。
- The firm had received bad publicity over a defective product. 该公司因为一件次品而受到媒体攻击。
- If the goods prove defective, the customer has the right to compensation. 如果货品证明有缺陷， 顾客有权索赔。