时间:2018-12-18 作者:英语课 分类:托福英语


英语课

   木耳是一种很常见且美味的食材。“木耳”的翻译方法在网上版本比较多,其中一种比较流行的版本是agaric,但这个词在很多权威的原版英英词典中是查不到的,证明这个词是不常用的,就算母语为英语的人也不一定知道。这个翻译有点舍近求远,其实木耳的英文就是wood ear。American Heritage Dictionary 4th Edition收录了wood ear这个词:A mushroom of the genus Auricularia that grows on fallen tree trunks, used in cooking. Also called cloud ear, tree ear。因此,“木耳”也叫cloud ear或tree ear。


  讨论完木耳,我们索性接着讨论银耳吧。很多地方,包括一些汉英词典都把银耳翻译为tremella,但是,这个词在很多权威的原版英英词典中也是查不到的,因为tremella是拉丁语。换句话说,你说tremella,能明白的人将是很少的。语言的主要目的是交流,如果将银耳翻译成tremella,就妨碍了交流,怎么办呢?既然American Heritage Dictionary 4th Edition收录了wood ear这个词,而且这个词就是中文“木耳”的直译,按照这样的逻辑,银耳就应该译作silver ear。下面我们参考一下维基百科:
  银耳:
  Tremella fuciformis is commonly known as snow fungus 1, silver ear fungus, and white jelly mushroom.
  (来源:Wikipedia,地址为https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tremella_fuciformis)
  木耳:
  It is also known as black fungus, black Chinese fungus (or mushroom), wood ear fungus, wood fungus, ear fungus, or tree ear fungus, an allusion 2 to its rubbery ear-shaped growth.
  (来源:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cloud_ear_fungus)
  也就是说,维基百科的翻译比我们刚才讨论的结果统一多了一个fungus(真菌),本蟹认为这样是很好的,能够更加清楚地说明木耳和银耳是一种菌类,避免了理解上的障碍。
  综上所述,本蟹认为木耳和银耳最好的翻译方法是wood ear fungus和silver ear fungus。
  顺便说一下,“银耳汤”翻译为silver ear fungus soup即可。

1 fungus
n.真菌,真菌类植物
  • Mushrooms are a type of fungus.蘑菇是一种真菌。
  • This fungus can just be detected by the unaided eye.这种真菌只用肉眼就能检查出。
2 allusion
n.暗示,间接提示
  • He made an allusion to a secret plan in his speech.在讲话中他暗示有一项秘密计划。
  • She made no allusion to the incident.她没有提及那个事件。
标签: 托福词汇
学英语单词
abide by something
absolute pointing device
Accolate
air cylinder
Albares
alum bath
antistrophize
applesnits
asitia
behaviorist
bellows-type regulator
boom topping lift
buoy marking current meter
christas
class difference
co-coagulate
cocurricular
congratulate
D-layer
dalechampia roezliana muel. arg.
Daly R.
denounce to
dermal leprosy
Dinesen, Isak
dominant gene
drag hunting
dual-chamber baler
DuPont Company
empart
export debit a-c
fineblanking
fire box plate
G scope
GaInAs
Gaulish language
gross beta spectrum
gypsum for paper
heteronomous metamerism
HVFP
icebreaker
injector dribble gallery pipe
instantaneous fuze
internal gear broach
intravenous intracavitary
japanese leeks
Journal of Experimental Medicine
Kenscoff
kerpows
Lady-day
Loss or Damage Directly Caused by Collision
machine cast iron
magneto synchronizer
measuring and identifying cyclical patterns
mediate heredity
molecular vibration spectrum
mulgrave i.(badu i.)
mutagenic components
next process unit
nick-ninny
parasiticus
parrot-fish
pashupatinath
payasyouearn
placement drill
Poa perennis
Proryl-Thyracil
radio receiver parts
redemption charges
reliability measurement test
retinoskiascop
Saussurea wardii
scaremonger
school period
scruncher
seawants
second stomach
serotinal aspect
Shoji's stain
slow leakage
solemnified
specified substandard instrument
spinney
spiritualists
stationary orbit
status of worker
subclades
subcurrents
super-pure materials
sway bar
system of orthogonal functions
terrene
terrorcore
tert-butyl acetate
the wind
tomosonograph
transformeth
triple-spaced
truck brake rigging
ulcus ambustiforme
underbark
vacant register
valley system