时间:2018-12-18 作者:英语课 分类:英语音标发音视频


英语课

 语调(intonation),即说话的腔调,就是一句话里声调(pitch)高低抑扬轻重的配制和变化。世界上没有一种语言是用单一的声调说出的,以英语为例,英语有五种基本语调:升调(?)、降调(?)、升降调(∧)、降升调(∨)以及平调(→)。一句话除了词汇意义(lexical meaning)还有语调意义(intonation meaning)。所谓词汇意义就是话中所用词的意义,而语调意义就是说话人用语调所表示的态度或口气。一句话的词汇意义加上语调意义才算是完全的意义。同样的句子,语调不同,意思就会不同,有时甚至会相差千里。请看下例:


  1)A:Jean,can you bring me the newspaper?
  B:Sorry?(?)
  Jean用升调说“Sorry”,其意思是“I didn’t hear you.Could 1 you say that again,please?”
  我们再看下句:
  2)A:Jean,can you bring me the newspaper?
  B:Sorry.(?)
  在对话2)中,Jean用降调说“Sorry”,显然其意思是拒绝帮助或无能为力。
  美国著名语言学家Kenneth L.Pike认为:
  一个音节的绝对调高是不重要的,而一个音节与另外一个的相对高度才是非常重要的。
  英语有四级能区别意义的调高:
  1)特高调(extra high),即比正常的声调高两级,常在感情特别激动或惊讶时使用。
  2)高调(high),即比正常的声调高一级,一般用于语句中关键性的重读词。
  3)中调(mid),即说话人声音的正常高度。
  4)低调(low),即比正常的声调低一级,
  一般是降调的最低点。
  应该按照说话人的态度来分语调模式,而不能按照句子的语法结构来分。没有所谓“疑问句的语调”或“陈述句的语调”。因为疑问句和陈述句都可以用各种语调模式来说。
  因此,对于我们中国的英语学习者来说,通过了解某种调型所表示的某种态度或口气也就颇为重要。

1 could
v.能,可能(can的过去式);aux.v.(can的过去式)能;可以
  • Could I open the window?我可以打开窗子吗?
  • I could wait ten minutes.我可以等十分钟。
标签: 口语
学英语单词
accumulated frequency
acid chrome salt
agitated hearth
architectural practice
as/rs (automated storage/retrieval system)
beam, laser
beat down plain with the earth
beet topping machine
bitalt
breeding process
bridge atom
canalised
Capinha
center of lateral resistance
centrifugal dehydrator (centrifugal hydroextractor)
cerataulina subapicalis
charity organization
charter operator
cirricaecula macdowelli
clank
collisional bremsstrahlung
Commiphora
contra danses
cotgrave
countersink drill
crticas
cub base
defolliculated
dietines
digiteer
doggy paddle
doubleT I
dromedary camels
ecg record
external base-collector capacitor
fibrous pericardium
file point
fire door damper
flammeous
fleshy cotyledon
fluorescent lamps
follow-up gear
fuel-air mixture analyzer
fully automatic compilingtechnique
Gaiole in Chianti
gated-spect
guy cables
have a good relationship
he/she
i'th'
iceboating
Ikalamavony
IMOSS
in reply (to)
kept schtum
keuka
labour-related
lacertus cordis
lacquer-resin peel
lifeboys
long-lasting
lunitidal
matric exemption
midazimuth
Mount Morris
multi-annual
musculus rectus superior oculi
neolithic beach
nonlinear quantum effect
obligatory-facultative reinsurance
open price system
oviperous female
parasitic myocarditis
perempted
pontoon pierhead
power spectral density (psd)
premixings
primordial gut
pullinsi
put ... into practice
quality-mind
reverse-current swithch
rotating ring disk electrode
rough-looking
Rūpwāla
salad green
saltmouth
shock wave drilling
sinus arrhythmia
slide bar bracket
subnano second-emitter coupled logic
summable function
tandava (sanskrit)
tenacibaculum litopenaei
thermal vortex burner
thiopyruvic acid
Topinabee
vaccae
war time rationing
wayne's
West Side
wontcha