时间:2018-12-18 作者:英语课 分类:英语音标发音视频


英语课

 语调(intonation),即说话的腔调,就是一句话里声调(pitch)高低抑扬轻重的配制和变化。世界上没有一种语言是用单一的声调说出的,以英语为例,英语有五种基本语调:升调(?)、降调(?)、升降调(∧)、降升调(∨)以及平调(→)。一句话除了词汇意义(lexical meaning)还有语调意义(intonation meaning)。所谓词汇意义就是话中所用词的意义,而语调意义就是说话人用语调所表示的态度或口气。一句话的词汇意义加上语调意义才算是完全的意义。同样的句子,语调不同,意思就会不同,有时甚至会相差千里。请看下例:


  1)A:Jean,can you bring me the newspaper?
  B:Sorry?(?)
  Jean用升调说“Sorry”,其意思是“I didn’t hear you.Could 1 you say that again,please?”
  我们再看下句:
  2)A:Jean,can you bring me the newspaper?
  B:Sorry.(?)
  在对话2)中,Jean用降调说“Sorry”,显然其意思是拒绝帮助或无能为力。
  美国著名语言学家Kenneth L.Pike认为:
  一个音节的绝对调高是不重要的,而一个音节与另外一个的相对高度才是非常重要的。
  英语有四级能区别意义的调高:
  1)特高调(extra high),即比正常的声调高两级,常在感情特别激动或惊讶时使用。
  2)高调(high),即比正常的声调高一级,一般用于语句中关键性的重读词。
  3)中调(mid),即说话人声音的正常高度。
  4)低调(low),即比正常的声调低一级,
  一般是降调的最低点。
  应该按照说话人的态度来分语调模式,而不能按照句子的语法结构来分。没有所谓“疑问句的语调”或“陈述句的语调”。因为疑问句和陈述句都可以用各种语调模式来说。
  因此,对于我们中国的英语学习者来说,通过了解某种调型所表示的某种态度或口气也就颇为重要。

1 could
v.能,可能(can的过去式);aux.v.(can的过去式)能;可以
  • Could I open the window?我可以打开窗子吗?
  • I could wait ten minutes.我可以等十分钟。
标签: 口语
学英语单词
Akotipa
amine bormones
auxiliary complexing agent
Bentley,Phyllis
build in
c.b.c
calcining refractory materials
Changhǔngbando
closed differentiable form
coercivest
commercial egg production
conformal parameter
cox's test
crammed
critical infrastructure protection
curve displacement
Danislav
database administration
decay of living tree
derivative measurement
dynamic descendent on unit
eleocharis palustriss
epidiatessaron
fight someone at his own weapon s
flow debugging
fork link forged chain
FTTs
GABAergic
gelatin stab culture
gelbes
glacieolian
glitten
glycerophosphate dehydrogenase
handle side straight blades snips
high temperature steel
hydroxyl-Acharite
inverse finite element technique
iodocholesterols
iron-response element
Kaczawskie, Góra
Kāne'ohe Bay
live television broadcast
Lokalema
lymphadenitis dermatopathic
madisterium
manual heating circuit
maskell martix
match strike anywhere
Mbest
mepanipyrim
mesoamericans
mesocolon pelvinum
microscopic view
miskins
mow the laundry
mower's mite
multi-combustion chamber heater
multiregionalists
Neopicrorhiza
non-plural
nondialectal
Northern Sporades
object languages
operating stroke
ordering company
original negative
Ostwald
pareto-superior
passers
peace-louing
photoswitched
potassium
Prunus cerasus caproniana
radio soundings
ratiocinator
reaction cylinder
reticulum (pl. reticula)
Ryle's regress
scree iron ore
sensitivity of instrument
shielded inert-gas metal arc welding
Source Quench Introduced Delay
Sphaerotheciella
sportsball
statically broken
subtense method
summary liquidation case
titulation
traysch
trend in development
undistrustful
universal geodetic datum
updating maintenance
v.10
vasa malpighii
walkabouts
walkingstick
Werfel
westerfield
whirling psychrometer
wodite