新东方背诵文选 L39 The Salinity of Ocean Waters
时间：2018-12-15 作者：英语课 分类：新东方背诵文选
英语课
If the salinity 1 of ocean waters is analyzed 2, it is found to vary only slightly from place to place. Nevertheless, some of these small changes are important. There are three basic processes that cause a change in oceanic salinity. One of these is the subtraction 3 of water from the ocean by means of evaporation 4---
conversion of liquid water to water vapor 5. In this manner the salinity is increased, since the salts stay behind. If this is carried to the extreme, of course, white crystals of salt would be left behind.
The opposite of evaporation is precipitation, such as rain, by which water is added to the ocean. Here the ocean is being diluted 7 so that the salinity is decreased. This may occur in areas of high rainfall or in coastal 8 regions where rivers flow into the ocean. Thus salinity may be increased by the subtraction of water by evaporation, or decreased by the addition of fresh water by precipitation or runoff.
Normally, in tropical regions where the sun is very strong, the ocean salinity is somewhat higher than it is in other parts of the world where there is not as much evaporation. Similarly, in coastal regions where rivers dilute 6 the sea, salinity is somewhat lower than in other oceanic areas.
A third process by which salinity may be altered is associated with the formation and melting of sea ice. When sea water is frozen, the dissolved materials are left behind. In this manner, sea water directly materials are left behind. In this manner, sea water directly beneath freshly formed sea ice has a higher salinity than it did before the ice appeared. Of course, when this ice melts, it will tend to decrease the salinity of the surrounding water.
In the Weddell Sea Antarctica, the densest 9 water in the oceans is formed as a result of this freezing process, which increases the salinity of cold water. This heavy water sinks and is found in the deeper portions of the oceans of the world.
[ NOTE ]: salinity / sэ'linэti; sэ`linэti/ n [U] the high salinity of sea water 海水的高含盐量. -à>>saline / 'seilain; US -li:n; `selin/ 1.adj [attrib 作定语] (fml 文) containing salt; salty 含盐的; 咸的: * a saline lake 盐湖 * saline springs 盐泉 * saline solution, eg as used for gargling, storing contact lenses, etc 盐溶液（如用于漱喉、存放隐形眼镜等）. 2. n [U] (medical 医) solution of salt and water 盐水.
1 salinity
n.盐分；咸度；盐浓度；咸性
- In the sea water sampled the salinity is two parts per thousand.在取样的海水中，盐度为千分之二。
- In many sedimentary basins the salinity of the formation water increases with depth or compaction.在许多沉积盆地中，地层水的含盐量随深度或压实作用而增高。
2 analyzed
v.分析( analyze的过去式和过去分词 )；分解；解释；对…进行心理分析
- The doctors analyzed the blood sample for anemia. 医生们分析了贫血的血样。 来自《简明英汉词典》
- The young man did not analyze the process of his captivation and enrapturement, for love to him was a mystery and could not be analyzed. 这年轻人没有分析自己蛊惑著迷的过程，因为对他来说，爱是个不可分析的迷。 来自《简明英汉词典》
3 subtraction
n.减法，减去
- We do addition and subtraction in arithmetic.在算术里,我们作加减运算。
- They made a subtraction of 50 dollars from my salary.他们从我的薪水里扣除了五十美元。
4 evaporation
n.蒸发，消失
- Be careful not to lose too much liquid by evaporation.小心不要因蒸发失去太多水分。
- Our bodies can sweat,thereby losing heat by evaporation.我们的身体能出汗，由此可以蒸发散热。
5 vapor
n.蒸汽，雾气
- The cold wind condenses vapor into rain.冷风使水蒸气凝结成雨。
- This new machine sometimes transpires a lot of hot vapor.这部机器有时排出大量的热气。
6 dilute
vt.稀释，冲淡；adj.稀释的，冲淡的
- The water will dilute the wine.水能使酒变淡。
- Zinc displaces the hydrogen of dilute acids.锌置换了稀酸中的氢。
7 diluted
无力的，冲淡的
- The paint can be diluted with water to make a lighter shade. 这颜料可用水稀释以使色度淡一些。
- This pesticide is diluted with water and applied directly to the fields. 这种杀虫剂用水稀释后直接施用在田里。