人教全日制普通高中英语（必修）高二上03课文

[00:07.60]Example

[00:10.34]Would you like to live in a modern flator do you prefer a traditional house?

[00:16.38]Well,I'd prefer living in a modern flat.

[00:21.42]Modern houses are large and comfortable.

[00:26.17]It is also convenient 1 to live close to your work.

[00:30.62]Well,I must say I'd rather live in a traditional siheyuan

[00:36.68]I wouldn't feel happy living in a block of apartments.

[00:41.43]I would miss the garden,and I think an old house is more beautiful.

[00:47.07]I don't get very excited about old-style houses.

[00:52.35]Well,modern flats are all the same.

[00:56.79]I really think a traditional house has more personal style.

[01:01.86]Reading  MODERN ARCHITECTURE 3

[01:10.11]Architecture looks at the man-made 4 living environment.

[01:15.18]Every great culture in the pasthad its own ideas of beauty

[01:20.93]expressed in art and architecture.

[01:24.77]When you look around at buildings,streets,squares and parks,

[01:30.70]you will find them designed,planned and built in different styles.

[01:36.16]Modernism was invented in the 1920s by a group of architects 5

[01:42.64]who wanted to change society with

[01:46.61]buildings that went against people's feeling of beauty.

[01:51.93]They wanted their buildings constructed in a way to look unnatural 6.

[01:57.71]While in traditional architecture materials such as earth,

[02:03.27]stone,brick 7 and wood are used,

[02:07.71]the materials of modem 8 architecture are steel,glass and concrete 9.

[02:14.16]To many people modern architecture equals progress.

[02:19.34]Developing countries want to build the most modern-looking buildings

[02:24.98]as the first step towards becoming a modem country.

[02:29.94]Modem buildings impress us because they are huge,

[02:34.91]but many people do not find them beautiful.

[02:39.06]The buildings look like boxes with flat roofs,

[02:43.63]sharp comers and glass walls that act as mirrors.

[02:48.99]You do not feel invited to enter them.

[02:53.24]Everything about these buildings seems hard and unfriendly.

[02:58.21]Ancient architecture shows us many beautiful buildings.

[03:03.35]These include great examples such as Taihe Dian,

[03:08.42]the Temple of Heaven or the great European cathedrals 10.

[03:13.57]Both in the choice of materials and shape of buildings,

[03:18.53]ancient architecture stands much closer to nature.

[03:23.81]Nature does not have any straight lines.

[03:28.17]Antonio Gaudi,a Spanish architect 2,was the first to understand that.

[03:35.25]There are not any sharp comers or straight lines in any of his designs.

[03:41.91]He only wanted natural materials,such as stone,brick and wood to be used

[03:49.56]and many parts of his buildings look like things we find in nature.

[03:54.89]In some of his architecture,balconies look like eyes,

[04:00.46]other parts look like bones,the walls seem to be covered with the skin of a fish,

[04:07.59]while the roof looks like the back of a dragon.

[04:12.03]Most of Gaudi's works 11 were constructed in and around Barcelona.

[04:17.78]Looking at the architecture by Gaudi is like a dream,

[04:22.74]full of fantastic colours and shapes.

[04:26.97]Despite the fact that he used traditional materials,

[04:31.83]Gaudi was a modem architect.

[04:35.59]In fact,there are other modem architects who use designs from nature

[04:41.76]when they create their buildings.

[04:45.41]Frank Lloyd Wright,who built an art museum in New York,

[04:51.16]found himself inspired by Japanese seashells 12.

[04:55.99]Another famous building that makes people think of seashells

[05:01.14]is the Opera House in Sydney,

[05:04.69]though it makes other people think of ship sails.

[05:09.24]The 2008 Olympic Stadium 13 in Beijing

[05:13.99]is another design that makes us think about nature.

[05:18.96]Seen from the top,

[05:21.91]it looks as if the stadium is covered by a gray net of steel,

[05:27.18]and it looks just like a bird's nest made of tree branches.

[05:32.54]Birds fill up the spaces between the branches of their nests with soft materials

[05:39.20]Just so,the spaces in the structure 14 of the stadium

[05:44.76]will be filled with huge plastic bags full of air.

[05:49.91]Although the stadium will be made of concrete and steel,

[05:54.74]the flowing lines and round shapes make the building look warm and friendly.

[06:01.59]Integrating skills  Reading

[06:08.74]A SECOND LIFE FOR FACTORY 798

[06:13.89]Everywhere in the world old buildings,such as schools,hospitals,

[06:20.26]factories and even churches are left empty because they are no longer needed.

[06:28.21]It is usually difficult to find other companies to move into the old buildings,

[06:34.68]because the floor plan the size and the number of halls

[06:40.74]does not fit their company.

[06:44.40]Often,these buildings are pulled down

[06:48.84]after having stood empty without use for many years.

[06:54.12]Factory 798 in the east of Beijing was a building like that.

[07:00.88]Once an important army factory in Beijing,

[07:05.74]Factory 798 was designed by East German architects

[07:11.70]and built with Russian help in the early 1950s.

[07:16.95]It is one of the most important examples of factory architecture

[07:23.01]left from that time.

[07:26.77]The huge factory halls of brick and glass were built in the 1920s modem style.

[07:34.64]They are decorated with small round windows that remind you of ships,

[07:41.09]bent roofs and twenty-foot high walls of glass that make them special

[07:47.64]when compared with other architecture from the same period.

[07:52.92]The simple style of the buildings

[07:56.68]and the fact that they are German

[08:00.52]set them aside as very different from Chinese architecture.

[08:06.19]When the army factory moved some years ago,

[08:10.74]the factory buildings were no longer used.

[08:15.31]Until about a year ago most of the workshops in the factory stood empty.

[08:21.86]Some art companies asked if they could move into the empty space

[08:27.79]and rent parts of the factory.

[08:31.56]This was the beginning of the development of this area into a centre for the arts,

[08:38.09]bringing together Chinese artists,art companies,musicians,a Japanese teahouse,

[08:46.63]a Sichuan restaurant, a bookshop and a dance club.

[08:52.69]Old factory buildings have many halls and workshops of different sizes.

[08:59.35]Painters and other artists can move into the smaller rooms

[09:03.90]to use them as studios 15 to paint,while music bands rent space to practise.

[09:11.55]Smaller halls can be changed into shops and restaurants

[09:17.01]while the main factory hall can be used for concerts,

[09:21.87]parties and dance festivals.

[09:26.31]Young,beginning artists and musicians

[09:30.98]often do not have enough money to rent studios or other buildings to practise,

[09:37.65]perform or even work and live.

[09:42.69]They like these buildings because the rooms and halls are often very large,

[09:49.17]which is good for artists who want to make large objects.

[09:54.02]Besides, many of these buildings were constructed far from the city,

[10:00.19]so that people in the neighbourhood are not disturbed

[10:04.76]when rock musicians move in and practise for a concert.

[10:09.02]Many large cities,such as Liverpool 16 and New York,

[10:14.48]have had experiments of this kind,

[10:18.63]With old factories turned into successful arts centers.

[10:24.56]In almost every city around The world,new uses are given to old buildings.

[10:31.93]It is a great way to save the architecture from the past.

[10:37.39]Work Book   Unit 3  Art and architecture

[10:51.15]Integrating skills

[10:54.32]Reading and discussing

[10:57.76]THE FUNCTION OF ART

[11:01.29]We see art everywhere around us.

[11:05.65]In public parks,city squares,shopping streets and public buildings,

[11:13.02]we find modern art objects on display.

[11:17.46]Classical art,such as valuable paintings,precious statues and other fine arts,

[11:25.40]usually ends up in the collections of museums,companies or rich people.

[11:32.38]Although we can see some of it in museums,

[11:36.63]those other art collections are not open to the public

[11:42.20]Both art and architecture have a history of ages.

[11:48.15]All forms and ways of expressing beauty have been explored.

[11:53.90]In the case of architecture,many buildings that were designed in the past

[12:00.46]have proven to be beautiful and served their purposes.

[12:05.81]Governments and companies

[12:09.65]could save millions of dollars by building

[12:14.41]or copying designs of architecture of buildings from the past.

[12:20.57]There are still many designs for buildings

[12:25.04]made by famous architects that were never realised.

[12:30.60]Besides,some people find modern architecture ugly.

[12:36.24]So why should we pay a lot of money to architects for designing new buildings?

[12:42.91]The same holds for modern art,both paintings and statues.

[12:49.38]Many art objects that have been created in the past

[12:54.35]are now covered by dust in storerooms.

[12:58.79]These storerooms contain enough art to decorate all public buildings

[13:04.82]and other public places.

[13:08.58]There is no need to create more art,and as with modem architecture,

[13:15.85]many people find new art difficult to understand or appreciate.

[13:22.19]Given these facts,why are architects and artists asked to create new art works?

[13:30.14]And why are we interested in creating new art and architecture,

[13:35.80]instead of using or copying what was made in the past?

[13:40.95]The answers to these questions

[13:44.82]have to do with the function of art in society today.

[13:50.56]First of all,the function of art is to decorate.

[13:56.02]By placing art works in parks and hanging paintings or drawings on the walls

[14:02.87]we make our living environment more beautiful.

[14:07.70]When our eyes move across an empty wall

[14:12.06]they will for a few moments rest on a painting or other kind of work hung there.

[14:19.01]It is a moment of comfort and makes people feel good.

[14:23.97]Sometimes,paintings are not beautiful at first glance.

[14:29.93]But looking at them and thinking about them for a while

[14:34.79]or repeated viewing will help us to learn to appreciate them.

[14:40.85]Another function of art is enriching 18 real life,as art is part of everyday life.

[14:49.63]Art helps people to learn to think creatively.

[14:54.28]In art things are not always what they seem to be.

[14:59.71]Art objects in a park are sometimes funny.

[15:04.44]Very often you can hardly tell what they are.

[15:09.01]People need such creative moments.

[15:13.55]It helps them to balance their minds.

[15:17.92]When we see art like that all around us,

[15:22.36]it helps to make life more interesting.

[15:26.72]Finally,art is often seen as a way to instruct the audience.

[15:33.38]Statues of heroes from the past remind us of our history.

[15:39.26]Paintings and other art objects can also help us to realise 17

[15:45.61]which goals we should set for ourselves and inspire us in our everyday work.

[15:52.69]Because ideas about society change and every period of time has its own taste,

[15:59.76]there Is always a need for new art.

[16:04.13]We can still appreciate art works made in the past for their beauty,

[16:09.87]but they are often too valuable to be placed in public buildings.

[16:15.54]Besides,they also often need special protection