时间:2018-12-08 作者:英语课 分类:VOA标准英语2014年(二月)


英语课

   近三年的机经表明,托福写作的出题模式已趋向于单一且固定,即Do you agree or disagree with the following statement: XXXXXX. 面对这样的题目,你可以有三种选择,同意,不同意,不置可否。尽管ETS官方并未给出立场的限定,但是在真正考试的时候,选用前两种是比较容易把握的。第三种不置可否的立场并非完全不能写,但是其中的"度"的把握要求较高,容易被判为立场不明,因而不推荐考生选用。


  在写一边倒的文章的时候,多数考生喜欢采用经典的五段式写法,即开头段、结尾段、中间三段三个分论点论证。这样的写法当然无可厚非,然而多数学生会碰到两个问题,一是我只能想到两个理由,第三个理由写不出来怎么办?二是我三个理由都写完了,但是字数不够300字怎么办?这样的情况,就需要我们的救命稻草"让步段"出场了。
  让步段,顾名思义,就是退了一步的段落。例如,2009年6月27日的题目,For further career success, is relate well to other people more important than studying hard at school? 选择了同意的立场,写完了三个同意的理由之后,可以再写一点让步段论述一下反方的观点,即在学校学习好也很重要。写让步段的好处有很多,一是上文提及的最实际的用途---凑字数,二是从行文逻辑看,写一段让步段也可以展现考生思维的严密性。只要时间允许,此种一举多得的做法为何不尝试呢?
  但是,让步段写作也需要遵循一定的原则。考生在写作时,应当按照三部曲进行:1)写出一个反方观点 2)进行一定程度的削弱 3)重申自己的观点。
  1)  写出反方观点
  这一步大多数同学都做得不错,但是在提出反方观点之前,可再加上一些连接词,例如admittedly, nevertheless等等。还拿之前拿到题目做例子,For further career success, is relate well to other people more important than studying hard at school? 总观点是同意,让步段写学习好也挺重要的。第一步引出反方观点时,应写:Admittedly, acquiring an excellent GPA is one significant proof of your ability, for "study" is one of the major tasks that students are supposed to fulfill 1 in school.
  2) 进行一定程度的削弱
  这是大多数同学会忽略的一步。很多同学在写让步段的时候,喜欢跳过第二步,直接重申自己的观点,然而这样的写法会显得逻辑上牵强,行文也显得生硬。因此,在提出反方观点时要进行一定的削弱。例如在写完上文那句话之后,应加上:However, the outstanding scores only prove the intelligence of the student, while the EQ, largely reflected by how well you relate with others, plays an utmost significant role in the future career success.
  3)重申自己的观点
  这一步非常重要,因为让步段的提出仅仅是小插曲,重要的还是自己的观点。切不可写了让步段,就忘了自己的立场,那样就是得不偿失了。因此,在写完上面两句话之后,需要再加上一句,therefore, I still hold the opinion that relate well with others is more important than acquiring high scores in school.
  在让步段的写作当中,尤其需要注意两点:1是第二步的削弱过程,这样可使文章看起来不那么唐突,更为流畅。2是另外还需注意字数的控制,让步段切不可写得超过之前的论述段的长度,否则就有观点不明确的嫌疑了。
 

1 fulfill
vt.履行,实现,完成;满足,使满意
  • If you make a promise you should fulfill it.如果你许诺了,你就要履行你的诺言。
  • This company should be able to fulfill our requirements.这家公司应该能够满足我们的要求。
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aglycones
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Baguia
blairmontite
bombsight system
bursae mucosa subcutanea
Chaetoseris ciliata
China watchers
cinnfuradione
closed inequality
closing valve temperature
coefficient of accuracy
complement fixations
cover slab
crystal marker switch
cystosorus
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descripton
diffraction image of double star point
disassertor
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disasterina odontacantha
drum-type tow dryer
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esiatron
ethaverine
Eucalyptus fraxinoides
exploratory grid cross section
facial lymph nodes
film cooling
flexible carrier
flour bleaching
get down to
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uniform-section blade
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vena posterior ventriculi sinistris
village fair
vinyl plastic sheet
woodsia polystichoides eaton