时间:2019-03-04 作者:英语课 分类:托福英语


英语课

   但在很多时候所谓的对立并不十分明显,甚至非常隐蔽,那么有没有一种方法能够一眼识别两条信息是否存在对立的情况呢?答案是有的,而且使用起来也非常简便。方法就是把两句句子单独列出来,考虑一下这两句话在逻辑上是否有同时成立的可能性。如果没有就选False,而有的话,就选Not Given。就拿上面的例子来说,原文和题目1同时成立的可能性是不具备的,而和题目2却可以同处一隅而共容。现在举两个更典型例子:


  剑IV/G类TestB/2
  题目:On Receipt of your deposit 1, Wessex Cottages will confirm your booking by telephone.
  原文:When we receive your booking form and deposit, your reservation will be confirmed -- we will send you a Booking Confirmation 2, together with advice on how to reach your holiday cottage and the telephone number of a local contact should you require further details on the cottage before leaving home.
  题目说收到存款后,会以电话的形式通知,而原文意思是收到存款后会寄出预定确认函进行告知,乍一看这两句话似乎并不对立,应该选Not Given,但如果我们仔细考察一番原文,得出的结论就完全不同了。按照原文的意思,在收到存款后,确认的唯一方式事实上就是寄发确认函,这一点能够为原文中的那个破折号所印证。原文的意思实际上排除了打电话确认这种方式成立的可能性。因此,两句话是相互对立的,故而选False。
  剑IV/Test 2/12
  题目:National Governments could do more to protect endangered languages.
  原文:Quite often, governments try to kill off a minority language.
  此题迷惑性极大。题目和原文两句话看似对立,其实不然。若把两句话单独列出,我们发现它们可以做到同时成立,因为政府尽管在事实上试图消灭少数语言,但并不意味着它不能拯救濒危语言,所以两者并不矛盾,故选Not Given。可以说以上这两个例子是比较能够确切地反映False和Not Given这两者之间差别的。
  另外,做这类题还会碰到一种非常难的情况。那就是题目中关于主题的态度和说明在原文中找不到与之相对应的替换词,或同意表述,这个时候有些考生会轻易选择Not Given。而往往实际情况是,虽然没有相对应的替换词,但我们只要对相关句子乃至段落稍作概括就会发现题目的表述与原文或者相符,或者相反。这里再举一例说明:
  (剑V/TEST1/26)
  题目:Milgram’s experiment solves an important question in sociobiology.
  先定位,通过sociobiology这个词,可以马上找到文章最后一段。句中的主题也都能在原文中找到出处。可接下来,题目中关于是否“解决”一事,文章却未曾提及。但同时我们又发现最后一段的主旨是说实验得出了两个完全不同的解释,而社会生物学研究的问题就是哪一个解释更合理。通过概括我们发现,这个实验不但没有解决问题反而还创造了问题,所以选False。
 

n.定金,存款,矿藏;vt.使沉淀,寄存,储蓄
  • There is too much deposit in a bottle of wine.酒瓶里有太多的沉淀物。
  • The hotel requires a deposit for all advance bookings.旅馆规定凡预订房间都要先付订金。
n.证实,确认,批准
  • We are waiting for confirmation of the news.我们正在等待证实那个消息。
  • We need confirmation in writing before we can send your order out.给你们发送订购的货物之前,我们需要书面确认。
标签: 雅思阅读
学英语单词
Abbenans
agrotechnique
anagyris foetidas
antiphobic
Ban Pa Sak
be sacked
black bearberries
brand share (or market share )
Brianchon's hexagon
brush scrubber
buckbee
buffered etch
Cameta
carrying capacity of locomotive facilities
centre rail
centrum tendi neum
cipolino
clinical hematopathology
communication path
condenser current
conventional neutron log
cubic decimeters
Damage of Detention
Dankaz
Declaration for Material Abandonment
dilly bags of
Divuma
EGF-URO
exclamatory pointed hair
faits divers
falling all over
field warehousing
frend
Fronsac
full revolving crane
gangway platform
geological measuring instrument
Haverings
heavily supported
high efficiency TWT
honkey, honkies
hounam
howlin
ingegno
initial cycle solution
Intra-European Payments Agreement
isothiocyano-
jrl
junction transistor integrator
lepidopterological
lex saxonum
limited
Literberry
lose our balance
make a survey of
Marius, Gaius
microkinis
nerini
nervus trigeminus
non-equilibrium statistics
non-reusable TOCD
notch pulse
operational test for inert gas system
order for redirection
outrounding
parisio
pentifylline
perborate
periodic breathing
pipe resistance coefficient
played a joke on
Pochayiv
post bail for
post-grads
pre-ipo
psychological factor
reliablenesses
rerefiefs
rice thresher
rusticized
saccules
sawed-off
scram runback
siguiri (sigiri)
singing bowls
single-electron
single-strand repeater
soft swell (can)
soil bearing test
standing crop biomass
take your chance
three-wire set
total hemispherical radiometer
ultrafiltration crucible
unit control module
Van't Hoff isobar equation
vijayanagara
Wandsworth
with a capital letter
Wonfurt
wonkwang