时间:2019-02-09 作者:英语课 分类:大学四六级阅读


英语课

   阅读是增长知识获取信息的主要途径,阅读能力是英语教学的重点。近年来,注重对初中生阅读理解能力的考核已成为中考的一大趋势。阅读理解能力影响并制约听、说、读、写能力的形成和发展,中学英语教学大纲也把培养阅读能力作为一个主要的教学目标。要做好阅读理解,应从以下几方面入手。


  1.分门别类识别文体
  随着信息时代的到来,阅读内容更趋于信息化、时代化,突破了单一的故事、寓言等题材,内容涉及新闻、广告、科普、医疗、教育等,文章的体裁也从记叙扩大到产品说明、逻辑推理及实际应用等文体。不同的文体阅读的要求与方法不尽相同。
  记叙文阅读主要抓四大要素,即时间、地点、人物和事件的起因、发展和结果,以及人物之间的关系、表现,从中分析他们思想品质、性格特征等;议论文是阐明作者对人或事的好坏的立场观点,因此在阅读时必须正确把握文章的论点和论据,理清论证思路,再进行逻辑推理得出结论;应用文是最贴近日常生活的文体,它包括通知、广告、便条、申请书、个人简历,形式多样,题材各异,如图示、表格、地址、网址等,对这类文体的阅读应简明扼要地抓住所需信息,理解文章内容。
  2.统览全篇摘录要点
  阅读理解是对整个文章的目的、意图、观点、立场、态度以及内在的逻辑关系的理解,而不是断章取义的一孔之见,所以统览全篇和问题是很有必要的,这些问题会给你提供信息或暗示文章中的一些重要细节。
  如2002 年本市中考试卷C篇阅读并回答问题中,通过对全篇的布局谋篇以及问题的设置看到的不是片言只语,而从中感悟到人文思想的体现,人类和自然界生态相辅相成的关系,从而得出第6小题:From the passage,we learn that___.答案为B:,
  The rainforest people have done some- thing to protect their home.
  在统览全篇的同时要注意要点的摘录,因为一些显性的答案是可以从要点中直接回答,而隐性的答案则是要通过对全篇的理解才能得出。统览全篇,摘录要点亦有利于检查时节省时间。
  3.开动脑筋推测词意
  初中英语学科教学基本要求规定,学生能根据上下文推测词义,并能不借助词典读懂含有3%生词的语言材料,换言之,这就是促使学生的知识内化的过程,学生要通过知识内化将内隐的心理活动转换为外显的行为,可以借助以下的几种方法完成内化过程:
  4.根据上下文猜测词意
  如闸北区2003年中考模拟题,阅读B篇中p assed 1 away,根据上文的An illness had kept the boy home和下文写给Rick的信中可以猜测出意为“去世”。
  5.根据构词法猜测词意
  前缀un-表反义词,如happy、unhappy,fair、unfair,important、unimportant等。
  后缀- ment表名词,如develop、development,state、statement,argue、argument等。
  后缀-er、-or或-ist表同源名词,如c alculate、calculator,visit、visitor,law、lawyer,wait、waiter,sci- ence、scientist,art、artist等。
  6.用知识和生活经验理解短文
  如根据化学知识,可以理解科普读物Water is made from oxygen and hydrogen.;根据生活经验可以理解 Green plants let out oxygen and breathe in carbon dioxide.。根据逻辑推理理解短文,
  逻辑推理实际上就是文章的“弦外之音”、“言下之意”。如闸北区中考模拟卷阅读C篇回答问题中,根据 Have the police taken your driving licence away,too?可以推断问题6: Why was the other man riding a bicycle instead of diving a car?的答案为: Because the police had take his driving licence away.。
  再如 Then they cam e to the second picture. The assistant was going to draw the cloth ashe did before.As soon ashe touched the cloth, he cried,″Wonderful It’s the best picture I have ever seen!″据此可以推断出第二张画画的是一块布。
  7.条分缕析理解长句
  长句是初中生阅读理解的难点之一,长句中通常包含并列、复合、倒装等结构,对于这类句子要分清主次,先找出句子的主、谓、宾、定、状、补,再找出修饰它的从句或短语等。如, Parents whose children show a special interestina particular sport have a difficult decision to make about their children’s career.,先找出本句的主、谓、宾为Parents have a cision.,再找出修饰语 W hose 2 children show a special interestina particular sport为Parents的定语从句,difficult修饰decision,to make about their children’s careers为不定式做 decision的定语。经过分析,化整为零,化繁为简,此句就不难理解了。

称职的
  • Don't take a half-assed approach. 不要采取半assed办法。
  • They did a half-assed job in repainting my car. 我的车子重新喷漆,他们做得差劲得很。
n.输水软管,长统袜;vt.浇园子,用管冲洗
  • Connect the hose to the tap and turn on the tap.把水管接在龙头上,打开水龙头。
  • After raining,I always hose the yard out.雨后,我总是用软管把院子冲干净。
标签: 四级 阅读理解
学英语单词
abluted
aduwa (adwa)
Airton
angina nervosa
anti-skid-type open cut tunnel
aorta hook
aphexes
armson
ashlerings
bicyclic sesquiterpene
bituminous neoprene paint
breast pumps
byte order mark
cafer
carpet pile height
Castelliri
cavern spring
certificate of authority
change court
chubbiest
clinopinacoids
coefficient of compressibility
constraint manifold
container owner code
corporeal hereditaments
crorn-heel
diffusion control
disc (bowl) centrifuge
distachyon
excavatio vesicouterina
exogenetic inclusion
Foam Lake
good marking names
green salted glue stock
grinding down
haythornthwaites
howard league for penal reform
hydrogen collecting apparatus
hypha (pl hyphae)
immuno-compromise,immunocompromising
Indian cordage
inhibitory-center-excitatory-surround receptive field
ITMS
James Bay
Journal of Royal Agricultural Society
lactorrhea
laevocardias
large landed estate
linyphiidae
Londéla-Kayes
loop, closed
lower boom
luggage and mail van
make law
Mamoun, L.
mannakees
marble bone
matching load
mavbe
McCully gyratory
Moro's test
mouth holes
moving mirror
natural diverter
neo-conceptualism
neolithic
nscad
of home make
operating valve gasket
optimal proportions
ovaripathy
photon population
physical initialization
place-name data base
pnagus streptococci var
polyetherimides
Potters
pressure bearing layer
primrose yellow
program documentor
pulse attenuation
quick-assembly
random acceleration
recumbentibus
Regret Theory
renoviction
sewage tank
smoky gas
spillover radiation
sporangium (pl. sporangia)
squeeze sth out of sb
stud-link
swivel joint (pneumatic)
systematic geography
take objection against
teletype code
three dimension
thunder roller
uccnet
vinegarlike
walk the walk
word organized storage