时间:2019-02-05 作者:英语课 分类:英美文化


英语课

   所谓官话,就是在英语中,故意用复杂、夸张的词汇,来代替简单、平易的词汇,以便让人感觉到文章具有某种重要性,从而达到“唬人”的效果。在这篇文章中,作者列举了克林顿、布什两届政府惯用的一些官话,比如“方法”和“技术”这两个意思,原本用method和technique来表达就可以了,而白宫发言人却喜欢用methodology和technology来表达。作者分析这其中的原因,就是这两个单词中都包含表示“学科”的后缀ology,能够给人一种很学术、很权威的感觉,从而达到“唬人”的效果。其它官话例子还包括:


  ①用on a monthly basis(以月为单位)代替monthly(每月)②用interpersonal communication(人际沟通)代替conversation(对话)③用technical documentation(技术文档)代替manual(手册)④用administrative leave(行政假期)代替suspension(暂停)⑤用chemical dependency(化学依赖性)代替addiction(吸毒成瘾)作者认为,从90年代中期以来,官话对美国英语的表达方式产生了不良影响,其结果是:在许多非政治领域的英语中,也开始出现了官话。作者提到一份著名体育刊物,其中一篇文章介绍一位腿部受伤的足球运动员,经过治疗和锻炼,终于能够重新站立起来,文章中没有使用stand(站立)这个单词,而是使用maintain vertical 1 posture(保持垂直姿态)这个绕嘴的词组。因此作者呼吁美国各行各业写文章的人,坚决抵制官话。
  不过遗憾的是,我们中国的英语学习者,好象也受到了美国官话的影响。比如下面第一句话,选自一篇介绍中国节约能源的文章(作者是中国人),很明显具有官话味道,比如作者将沼气等新能源称做ecologically renewable resources(生态学上可更新的资源)。我认为中国学生,如果没有受到美国官话的影响,是不可能这样说话的。我个人倾向于将第一句话修改为下面第二句话,以减少它的官话味道。
  Utilization 2 of ecologically renewable resources such as methane 3 is increasing in the rural areas. 一些生态学上可更新的资源(例如甲烷)的利用,正在农村地区增加。
  Use of new energies such as marsh 4 gas is increasing in the rural areas. 一些新能源(例如沼气)的使用,正在农村地区增加。

adj.垂直的,顶点的,纵向的;n.垂直物,垂直的位置
  • The northern side of the mountain is almost vertical.这座山的北坡几乎是垂直的。
  • Vertical air motions are not measured by this system.垂直气流的运动不用这种系统来测量。
n.利用,效用
  • Computer has found an increasingly wide utilization in all fields.电子计算机已越来越广泛地在各个领域得到应用。
  • Modern forms of agricultural utilization,have completely refuted this assumption.现代农业利用形式,完全驳倒了这种想象。
n.甲烷,沼气
  • The blast was caused by pockets of methane gas that ignited.爆炸是由数袋甲烷气体着火引起的。
  • Methane may have extraterrestrial significance.甲烷具有星际意义。
n.沼泽,湿地
  • There are a lot of frogs in the marsh.沼泽里有许多青蛙。
  • I made my way slowly out of the marsh.我缓慢地走出这片沼泽地。
标签: 官话
学英语单词
a soft option
address munging
adjustment of slip
after light
air guitar
air inlet valve
aircraft cord
alloeopagurodes spiniacicula
ankle thickness
anticancrin
appropriations for annual expenditures
arrestants
art car
asphalt rubber board
Aurangzeb
available pump pressure
baselining
bi-dentate
brachiocyrtosis
Broad.
cigar bunch
clarifying basin
Coeroeni, R.
collecting-arm
collection plan
color wheels
compression perpendicular to grain
concussion shearing
dampiing device
decolonised
digiproside
digiti recellens
dirty little secret
drug information specialist
electrostatic horn tweeter
equity invest
erratic arc
esther hobart mcquigg slack morriss
external irregularity
extrabranchial chamber
false goatsbeards
fault-block closure
field instrument
fiesty
first-melt ingot
frotz
FTPing
geloina expansa
glazed interior tile
glycerol iodohydrin
guanidine salt
hazy image
inspection-gauge
integrated services digital subscriber line
intense emotions
interrupter vibrator
Irifan
jewish national fund
kristols
lay in for
limited price
lipped joint
Maldonado, Pta.
mereswines
nail-clipping
navtech
opisthobranchias
orris camphor
paramedicss
parasitic generation
paravents
performance-measurement
person-days
philadelphus pekinensis rupr.
phon
phosphatidylinositides
pink-stern ship
recognizable set
repeater panel
sale and purchase
sidelight
slowing-down distribution
splenodiagnosis
split-second lever spring
steerlings
sucker rod elevator
surface-charge transistor
taiwan green snake
tea heating machine
thermocycles
timekeeping equipment
torbanites
tranquilizers
UHD TV
United States airways code
vintage-style
visualization
wayleave charge
wiping
wire-draw tongs
wooden hard fiber board
working atmosphere