母乳喂养的益处
Katie Couric: This morning on Today's Woman, the benefits of breastfeeding. Nursing is a wonderful way to bond with the newborn and get them off to a healthy start as well, but according to a recent report from the American Academy of Pediatrics, less than 60% of women breastfed their newborn at the time they were discharged from the hospital. Dr. Judith Reichman is a gynecologist and contributor here of Today. Hey, Judith. Good morning.
Dr. Judith Reichman: Good morning, Katie.
Katie Couric: So I'm just looking at less than 60%...
Dr. Judith Reichman: That's when they left the hospital and less than 21% percent were breastfeeding at the sixth month and many of them were supplementing they weren't doing so breastfeeding.
Katie Couric: So why do you think these numbers are so low?
Dr. Judith Reichman: I think it's very difficult for the working women to breastfeed and sometimes there is difficulty in initiating 1 it. I'm not sure that everybody realizes how truly important to the health both of the baby and the mother it is.
Katie Couric: Why and what about formula? Is it as beneficial to the baby? Could modern-day formula(be) as mom's milk?
Dr. Judith Reichman: Well. I'm gonna use this phrase that I often use. Breast is best, and it really is. The milk that comes from the breast has the absolute right amount of carbohydrates 2, proteins, vitamins, fatty acids, minerals. You can't do better and we don't even know everything that's in breast milk so formula can really, totally copy it. But it certainly is much better than cow's milk which has things in it that the baby simply cannot and should not digest.
Katie Couric: Well. You can't give a newborn cow's milk, right?
Dr. Judith Reichman: You absolutely should not. The protein in the cow's milk is wrong. Breastmilk has something called whey and CASEIN and the whey is way above the amount. It's about 72%. Cow's milk is just the opposite. It has the wrong currents of electrolyte. It has a protein in it which actually can cause changes in the beta cells of the pancreas and help increase risk of diabetes 3 in an infant or in a child.
Katie Couric: Oh, wow! OK. So breast milk, though, is on a positive side. Breast milk can prevent diarrhea, respiratory infections, ear infections and urinary tract 4 infections.
Dr. Judith Reichman: It has wonderful antibodies and has cells that eat up the bad bacteria. It coats the lining 5 of the gastral and intestinal 6 tract. It prevents bad proteins from getting in, and it actually decreases colitis and ulcer 7 to colitis down the line.
Katie Couric: Also when we talked about allergies 8, so we hear more about allergies these days, many more kids being diagnosed for the asthma 9. And there is some evidence that breastfeeding can help stave off this condition?
Dr. Judith Reichman: Yes. It's thought that if a woman exclusively breastfeeds for six months, she can decrease the allergens. She gets antibodies. If she doesn't eat nuts for example, then the baby is less likely to get the allergies to nuts. So the American Academy of Pediatrics suggests that all women who have a history of allergies or asthma in their family, breastfeed exclusively for 6 months.
Katie Couric: Also mental development. There have been studies that show that breastfed babies are smarter, right?
Dr. Judith Reichman: Yeah. Well. I wasn't breastfed, so I keep thinking how if I had been breastfed who knows what I would have done?(You've been brilliant. You already are,so.) Fun? Thank you.(You would be too scary.) But in many cases there is some thought that increases cognition and that these children are not only a little smarter but the smartness continues down the line. so the longer a child is breastfed, maybe the better than brain develops.
Katie Couric: Yeah. Come to think that I wasn't breastfed either. See? Think what we'll be today and we happen?. Al'right, what about childhood obesity 10?
Dr. Judith Reichman: There are definitely some suggestions that it decreases obesity and also it decreases diabetes as I said before.
Katie Couric: What about for the mom? I know that it delays the onset 11 of your first period, but it also can help you to burn a lot of calories after your pregnancy 12, right?
Dr. Judith Reichman: It's much easier to lose that baby weight if you breastfeed, and that's probably one of the chief reasons that women are anxious to do it. But in addition it decreases the amount of bleeding that a woman does after delivery. It decreases the ovulation. She's less likely to get breast cancer and ovarian cancer.
Katie Couric: Well, the one thing I want to mention, though, too, is it's difficult to breastfeed. And I don't think new mothers are told this. It doesn't sort of in necessarily, instantaneously happen where the baby latches 13 on, and it's like Madonna and child. So people should know that there're experts in hospitals, there's the La Leche League I know. I got a pump from them. I felt like I'll see the cow. When I was in my kitchen. that nasty green bud through ...
Dr. Judith Reichman: But you know what, the more you do it, but you really do it, the better you get out of it. And we really tell mothers trying to do it every 2 hours. If you don't get enough milk out, try again. Use the pump. Learn what you can do.
Katie Couric: But talk to the experts because as I said I think a lot of women find it very frustrating 14 and there are people on the hospital staff you should talk to even before you have your baby. If you're interested in breastfeeding just say, "Will you be available if I have any problems?"
Dr. Judith Reichman: Absolutely, the first breastfeeding is probably the most important because at that time the colostrum comes out. (Right.) And that's chock-full of antibodies and good things for the baby, so the hospital has to make sure that the baby rooms in and is available and they have to help the mother nurse and then in her workplace ,if she can pump, all she needs is a small room to herself with perhaps a small refrigerator and she can continue to breastfeed that baby.
Katie Couric: And very quickly, ideally how long should you do it? I did it for 6 months.
Dr. Judith Reichman: We want 6 months exclusively. If possible, then add on a supplement for a year, and we encourage, the American Academy of Pediatrics encourages breastfeeding for 2 years.
Katie Couric: Wow.
Dr. Judith Reichman: Yes.
Katie Couric: But when they can ask for it, they are too old. Right?
Dr. Judith Reichman: Well. Mommy. Mommy.
Katie Couric: I don't know. That kind of crazed me out. All right. Judith, thank you very much. If you'd like to learn more to each zone, right, about breastfeeding,just go to our website at today.msnbc.com.
- He is good at initiating projects but rarely follows through with anything. 他善于创建项目，但难得坚持完成。 来自《简明英汉词典》
- Only the perchlorate shows marked sensitiveness and possibly initiating properties. 只有高氯酸盐表现有显著的感度和可能具有起爆性能。 来自辞典例句
- The plant uses the carbohydrates to make cellulose. 植物用碳水化合物制造纤维素。 来自《简明英汉词典》
- All carbohydrates originate from plants. 所有的碳水化合物均来自植物。 来自辞典例句
- In case of diabetes, physicians advise against the use of sugar.对于糖尿病患者，医生告诫他们不要吃糖。
- Diabetes is caused by a fault in the insulin production of the body.糖尿病是由体內胰岛素分泌失调引起的。
- He owns a large tract of forest.他拥有一大片森林。
- He wrote a tract on this subject.他曾对此写了一篇短文。
- The lining of my coat is torn.我的外套衬里破了。
- Moss makes an attractive lining to wire baskets.用苔藓垫在铁丝篮里很漂亮。
- A few other conditions are in high intestinal obstruction. 其它少数情况是高位肠梗阻。 来自辞典例句
- This complication has occasionally occurred following the use of intestinal antiseptics. 这种并发症偶而发生在使用肠道抗菌剂上。 来自辞典例句
- She had an ulcer in her mouth.她口腔出现溃疡。
- A bacterium is identified as the cause for his duodenal ulcer.一种细菌被断定为造成他十二指肠溃疡的根源。
- Food allergies can result in an enormous variety of different symptoms. 食物过敏会引发很多不同的症状。 来自辞典例句
- Let us, however, examine one of the most common allergies; hayfever. 现在让我们来看看最常见的变态反应的一种--枯草热。 来自辞典例句
- I think he's having an asthma attack.我想他现在是哮喘病发作了。
- Its presence in allergic asthma is well known.它在过敏性气喘中的存在是大家很熟悉的。
- One effect of overeating may be obesity.吃得过多能导致肥胖。
- Sugar and fat can more easily lead to obesity than some other foods.糖和脂肪比其他食物更容易导致肥胖。
- The drug must be taken from the onset of the infection.这种药必须在感染的最初期就开始服用。
- Our troops withstood the onset of the enemy.我们的部队抵挡住了敌人的进攻。
- Early pregnancy is often accompanied by nausea.怀孕早期常有恶心的现象。
- Smoking during pregnancy increases the risk of miscarriage.怀孕期吸烟会增加流产的危险。
- The virus latches onto the red blood cells. 这种病毒附着在红细胞上。 来自《简明英汉词典》
- The opposite end latches onto the pathogen. 相对的一端锁在病原体上。 来自英汉非文学 - 生命科学 - 预防生物武器
- It's frustrating to have to wait so long. 要等这么长时间，真令人懊恼。
- It was a demeaning and ultimately frustrating experience. 那是一次有失颜面并且令人沮丧至极的经历。 来自《简明英汉词典》