时间:2019-01-08 作者:英语课 分类:大学四六级阅读


英语课

   分词


  1. 现在分词与过去分词的区别
  现在分词与过去分词的区别主要体现在时间和语态上。现在分词表示正在进行的动作并表示主动的意义,而过去分词表示已经完成的动作并表示被动的意义。比较:
  a changing world(一个变化着的世界);a changed world( 一个已经起变化的世界)
  surprising news(令人惊讶的消息);surprised people(感到惊讶的人们)
  2. 分词作状语
  作状语时,表示时间、原因、方式、结果、条件、让步和伴随情况等。另外,作状语时,它的逻辑主语应与句子的主语一致。
  Hearing the news, he heaved 1 a sigh of relief.
  Given another chance, I’ll do it much better.
  3. 分词作定语
  分词常用来修饰名词或代词作定语。单个的分词作定语时,通常放在被修饰词之前;分词短语作定语时,通常放在被修饰词之后。但有些单个的过去分词作定语时,也可放在被修饰词之后。
  He’s a spoilt 2 child.
  The man standing 3 over there is our new English teacher.
  Where are we to get the material needed?
  4. 分词作宾语补足语
  分词可在感觉动词和使役动词后作宾语补足语。常用的感觉动词主要有:see, hear, notice, watch, find, observe, smell等。常用的使役动词主要有:get, have, keep, leave, set, make, let等。此外,分词还可在want, like, wish, order等表示希望、要求、命令等意义的动词后作宾语补足语。
  She watched her baby sleeping.
  I got my hair cut.
  I don’t want you worrying about me.
  5. 分词与连词的连用
  分词可与各种连词(如:when, while, once, until, if, unless, though, although, even if, as, as if, as though等)连用。连词+分词(短语)的结构在句中作状语,相当于状语从句。
  She’ll get nervous when speaking in public.
  He went on talking, though continually 4 interrupted.
  6. 分词的独立结构
  分词作状语时,其逻辑主语与句子的主语应该一致;否则,分词应有自己的逻辑主语,构成分词的独立结构。独立结构一般位于句首,作伴随状语以及在科技文章中表示附加说明时,它常位于句末。分词的独立结构由名词、代词+分词构成,可以表示时间、原因、条件、方式或伴随情况等。
  Weather permitting, the football match will be played on Wednesday.
  Her son having been sent to school, she began to do some shopping.
  He returned three days later, his face covered with mud and his clothes torn into pieces.
  There were two parties yesterday evening, each attended by some students.

v.举( heave的过去式和过去分词 );拉;扔;抛
  • The poor child has heaved up her dinner again. 那个可怜的孩子又把吃下的饭吐了出来。
  • All afternoon we heaved bales of hay up onto the truck. 整个下午我们把一捆捆干草扔上卡车。
adj.(孩子)宠坏的;惯坏的;(食物)变质的;spoil的过去式和过去分词v.变质( spoil的过去式和过去分词 );损坏;毁掉;破坏
  • The film is spoilt by unrealistic contrivances of plot. 这部电影被不实际的牵强情节给毁了。
  • Our camping trip was spoilt by bad weather. 天气不好,破坏了我们的露营旅行。
n.持续,地位;adj.永久的,不动的,直立的,不流动的
  • After the earthquake only a few houses were left standing.地震过后只有几幢房屋还立着。
  • They're standing out against any change in the law.他们坚决反对对法律做任何修改。
adv.不间断地,不停地;多次重复地
  • The other kids continually taunted him about his size.其他孩子不断地耻笑他的个头儿。
  • The US is continually building up its armed forces.美军正持续加强它的三军。
标签: 四级语法
学英语单词
2-deoxy-2-bromo-D-glucose
a rooster
adrenaline reversal
aerophotographic reconnaissance
as green as grass
Ba To
bronze powder
Buckley gage
canopy manual operating handle
carrier cell
cats her
cementocyte
centilitre
central broadcasting station
centre of percussion
certelle
clean up past due bills
concanamycin
congesta
conjugate pattern
cooked flavo(u)r
cross surfacing screw
cross-border cooperation agreements
cuckoo clock ornaments
Datura alba
disciplinary practices
discous
Emerging Market Fund
enriquillo
equilibrium level of national income
ethize
evidence theory
family Davalliaceae
fathers-of-six
four-nations
Frederick Barbarossa
GDS
gong farmers
governoress
Gram's iodine stain
greppin'
high brightness concentration factor
high emphasis filtering
highlight the advantage of plan
hold the view
initialize signal
Kalokitting
khariton
Le Roy
lhermitte
live and breathe something
locational tolerance
lowflation
Maffucci
Malayan
manufacturing process
marketing model
marketing order
member,s voluntary winding up
methyl isohexyl ketone
mikel
mitzy
moggan
monadnock
needlecord
obsecrations
offer a premium on
ophitic
overhead method
peripheral system interface
Philip Roth
pirkey
pre-completions
preoccupy
product release
Pulleborn's method
pulling us
rags-to-riches
repersuade
right of insurance against carrier
Sakkā'
school of business administration
sheak
slowly
solomon huroks
steike
storing water tillage
sucked up
Sulcus mylohyoideus
support rod
symmetric predicate
tator
thingliness
touch-and-go landing
transaction data
treaty particulars
unhesitative
volcanic zone
vulgar establishment
water valve
word processing equipment using remote program
you-can-do-it