时间:2019-01-08 作者:英语课 分类:托福英语


英语课

   新托福作为国外类考试之一,写作行文的地道不仅反映了考生的写作水平,更体现了考生的思维方式和能力。托福写作不如口语那么白话文式,也不如gre类写作那么学术性强,但是这并不影响用词的表达地道。


  一、言简朴实原则
  所谓“言简朴实原则”,就是行文不啰嗦,句子应越短越好,如果一个字能说清楚的,就不要用两个字。
  例如:At this point in time,we should pull together for our goal.现在我们应该为我们的目标团结一致。
  这句话中“At this point in time”表示“现在”,我们完全可以用now来代替。
  In the majority of cases,he likes to ride bike to the office.他通常喜欢骑单车到办公室。
  很简单的一句话,完全可以写成 He usually likes to ride bike to the office.
  平时我们所说的用词多样化和地道并不是体现在这些时间副词或者是完全可以简化的啰嗦句型上,而是指实用性极强的词如动词和形容词,比如:
  Original:Solving trivial 1 problems in the dorm will add your socialexperience and help you to understand other people’s feelings and learn to bekind.
  Revised 2: Solving trivial problems in the dorm will enrich 3 your socialexperience and help you to understand other people’s feelings and learn to beconsiderate.
  add,kind表达的含义都比较宽泛。add可以指数量上的增加,也可以指程度的加强,对于“丰富经验、增加知识”这个意思,用enrich会使表达更准确。
  kind从字面意义上讲是“好的、善良的”, 厦门托福用kind来形容人无法具体地表现出一个人的性格特征到底怎样,原句中是想表达“考虑周到、体贴入微”的特点,要准确表达这个含义应选择considerate。
  另外,我们常见的一些累赘用词表现在句意的理解上。
  比如:He has had many years of (actual) experience in business。他有多年经商的经验。
  actual是多余的,因为experience已经有actual的意味了。
  We assembled(together) all the parts for our radio.我们装好收音机的零件。
  assemble本身就有together的意思,因此together是多余的。
  二、平等相处原则
  “平等相处原则”的意思是行文不出现明显的带歧视或偏见的字眼,包括男女性别,也要避免区别,以示“平等”。
  例如:Many businessmen(businesswomen) feel their jobs are very stressful.许多商人觉得工作压力很大。
  这句话写 businessmen或是businesswomen都是不妥当的,可以改为 business people或 businessexecutives或business managers就可以包括男女了。
  当然,一些带有种族偏见的字眼,甚至有侮辱的味道(insulting words 或 slur),也要尽量避免使用,以免闹出麻烦。例如:
  对黑人不要用 Negro,更不能用Nigger(用 Black 还可以),礼貌的说法 是Afro-American或African-American;对白人不要用Honky(这是黑人骂白人的用字),正确用法是 Caucasian,或 white people;对犹太人不要用Hymies,应该叫Jewish 或 Jewishpeople;对越南人不要用 Gook,要用 Vietnamese;至于墨西哥人、西班牙人及中、南美洲人,包括Puerto Rico,正确的用法多是Hispanics 或 Latins,不过据说西班牙人为了维护自己的文化,倒喜欢别人称Spaniard。

adj.琐碎的,不重要的,无价值的
  • Be patient.Don't lose your temper over trivial matters.忍着点,别为了一点小事发火。
  • It's useless to fire away with such trivial details.喋喋不休地谈这些琐碎细节是无用的。
adj.经过修订(或校正)的v.修订( revise的过去式和过去分词 );改变;修正;[主英国英语]复习
  • The council has revised its projections of funding requirements upwards. 地方议会调高了对资金需求的预测。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • This dictionary is revised from Treasures of English Words. 这本词典是根据《英语词库》修订而成的。 来自《简明英汉词典》
vt.充实,使丰富,使富裕,使富有
  • Some cream will enrich the sauce.在调味汁里加一些奶油会使其味道更加丰富。
  • Music can enrich your life.音乐能丰富你的生活。
标签: 托福写作
学英语单词
3-methyl-2-butanone
a lot of doing
achebes
air streamline
al adam
arrangement of soil particles
Babylon
baka
bar-codings
beat a path to
bhq
bitter tears
bitumirous lump coal
breast-high
Callyodon lineolabiatus
cardinalises
Caspian terns
ceramic sintering
cheaper and better goods
clarified juice overflow box
cold pool
collbranite (ludwigite)
creep value
datacenter in a box
deontic
designation indicator
desitometric titration
diapason
domestic excise tax
drive stakes
dumanli tepe
Durrow
engine power
english vermilion
fennel seed
field ion emission microscope
Frischer ring
Havelock's law
headlamp rim
hepatic branches
Humulus japonicus S.et Z.
hybridization sedimentation
i-schreve
immediate holding company
immunologic manifestation
in decline
iron cutting saw
it was nice meeting you
Ixelles (Elsene)
joshin'
Laemanctus
legal materials
Lovas
low grade cement
management support capability
manual lifting platform
mhc (mechanical-hydr-aulic control pressure regulator)
mid-squares
Mondayizes
monthly individual payroll sheet
N-acetylglucosaminephosphotransferase
n-dimensional random variable
noncoded graphic
nonsulfhydryl
normally closed auxiliary contact
olefinic polymerization
parallel multiplication
paramaladera pishana
pedalboats
Peter's law
phoner
plagiarises
polypragmatic
precis writer
pressure injection
pulmonary atelectasis
put-on arist
rise again
robryk
seises
siris
Snohomish County
stigmatic chamber
stop needle
strategic weapon
structure of society
thiele melting point apparatus
throttle buffering device
to one's way of thinking
torque feedback control
transformer read only store
traumatotaxis nucleus
tree species
truncated cusp
trust-based
variola louti
wedge type
weed tree
well-ruling
wethe
Zapadnaya Dvina(Daugava)
zinc glycerophosphate