Travels in Europe: London 雾都漫步 - 10
Hey, we are in luck. It's a sunny Monday for our day trip out to Salisbury where we'll continue our peek 1 into mediaeval architecture. As the mediaeval world developed more political stability and wealth, its style of architecture changed. Instead of that thick-walled fortresses 3 and fortress 2 like churches of the early mediaeval period, a lighter 4, more graceful 5 style evolved. The key was the new pointed 6 or Gothic arch. You see, in a Romanesque building, with round arches, the weight of the roof sits squarely on the walls, so the walls need to be thick. Gothic architects learned if you point the arches up, the weight of the roof now goes out, and to support the building, you need buttresses 8 rather than thick walls. If a Romanesque church falls, it falls down; for Gothic church falls, it collapses 9 out .
Salisbury Cathedral, an easy day trip from London, is a perfect place to study Gothic. This 13th century wonder was part of a movement which saw communities all over Europe competing to build ever higher and lighter Cathedrals. With the Gothic arch and buttress 7 system, designers could think of walls as window holders 10. They could build towers which seem to reach to heaven. Salisbury spire 11 rises a dizzying 404 feet. This without the benefit of steel. It's built right to its physical limit. The bases of the marble pillars near the entrance to the choir 12 are buckling 13 from the strain. The flying buttresses supporting the tower both inside and out were added to ease the problem. And 700 years later, it still stands.
But architecture wasn't the only thing changing during the Gothic period. The Magna Carta, the Great Charter of English liberties was written just 5 years before they began construction here. This man, William Longsby carried a copy of the document back to Salisbury. One of the few originals still in existence, it rests in the Cathedral's chapter house. The cloisters 14 are the largest in England, peaceful and pleasant. And we can make our own brass-rubbings. For a small fee, you get supplies and instruction. Then you choose which long dead knight 15 or lady you want to rub. When you finish, you have a suitable for framing Gothic souvenir.
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buckling/buckle: vi扣住, 扣紧
flying buttress n 拱扶垛，飞拱
brass-rubbing n. 拓印
- Larry takes a peek out of the window.赖瑞往窗外偷看了一下。
- Cover your eyes and don't peek.捂上眼睛，别偷看。
- They made an attempt on a fortress.他们试图夺取这一要塞。
- The soldier scaled the wall of the fortress by turret.士兵通过塔车攀登上了要塞的城墙。
- They will establish impregnable fortresses. 他们将建造坚不可摧的城堡。
- Indra smashed through Vritra ninety-nine fortresses, and then came upon the dragon. 因陀罗摧毁了维他的九十九座城堡，然后与维他交手。 来自神话部分
- The portrait was touched up so as to make it lighter.这张画经过润色，色调明朗了一些。
- The lighter works off the car battery.引燃器利用汽车蓄电池打火。
- His movements on the parallel bars were very graceful.他的双杠动作可帅了!
- The ballet dancer is so graceful.芭蕾舞演员的姿态是如此的优美。
- He gave me a very sharp pointed pencil.他给我一支削得非常尖的铅笔。
- She wished to show Mrs.John Dashwood by this pointed invitation to her brother.她想通过对达茨伍德夫人提出直截了当的邀请向她的哥哥表示出来。
- I don't think they have any buttress behind them.我认为他们背后没有什么支持力量。
- It was decided to buttress the crumbling walls.人们决定建造扶壁以支撑崩塌中的墙。
- Flying buttresses were constructed of vertical masonry piers with arches curving out from them like fingers. 飞梁结构，灵感来自于带拱形的垂直石质桥墩，外形像弯曲的手指。 来自互联网
- GOTHIC_BUTTRESSES_DESC;Gothic construction, particularly in its later phase, is characterized by lightness and soaring spaces. 哥特式建筑，尤其是其发展的后期，以轻灵和高耸的尖顶为标志。 来自互联网
- This bridge table collapses. 这张桥牌桌子能折叠。
- Once Russia collapses, the last chance to stop Hitler will be gone. 一旦俄国垮台，抑止希特勒的最后机会就没有了。
- Slaves were mercilessly ground down by slave holders. 奴隶受奴隶主的残酷压迫。
- It is recognition of compassion's part that leads the up-holders of capital punishment to accuse the abolitionists of sentimentality in being more sorry for the murderer than for his victim. 正是对怜悯的作用有了认识，才使得死刑的提倡者指控主张废除死刑的人感情用事，同情谋杀犯胜过同情受害者。
- The church spire was struck by lightning.教堂的尖顶遭到了雷击。
- They could just make out the spire of the church in the distance.他们只能辨认出远处教堂的尖塔。
- The choir sang the words out with great vigor.合唱团以极大的热情唱出了歌词。
- The church choir is singing tonight.今晚教堂歌唱队要唱诗。
- A door slammed in the house and a man came out buckling his belt. 房子里的一扇门砰地关上，一个男子边扣腰带边走了出来。
- The periodic buckling leaves the fibre in a waved conformation. 周期性的弯折在纤维中造成波形构成。
- The thirteenth-century cloisters are amongst the most beautiful in central Italy. 这些13世纪的回廊是意大利中部最美的建筑。 来自辞典例句
- Some lovely Christian Science ladies had invited her to a concert at the cloisters. 有几位要好的基督教科学社的女士请她去修道院音乐厅听一个音乐会。 来自辞典例句