时间:2018-12-26 作者:英语课 分类:公寓伙伴


英语课

本单元是关于紧急情况的对话


Alice: Oh it's so quiet tonight! You could hear a pin drop. Gives me a chance to catch up on my reading.
Man: Quick, quick! Get a doctor!
Alice: She's just gone for a break. What's the matter?
Man: I don't know. It's my son. He's stopped breathing.
Alice: Oh no! Wait a minute, I'll just phone for the doctor.
Man: There's no time. You have to give him mouth to mouth.
Alice: But I haven't done it before!
Man: You haven't done it before?
Alice: No, not for real. Wait while I find the phone.
Man: No! No, you must do it now!


Vocabulary:

You can hear a pin drop (idiom): It is very quiet
To catch up on something: To do something which you have not had time to do recently
Mouth-to-mouth: A shortened 1 version 2 of mouth-to-mouth resuscitation 3 -trying to help someone when s/he has stopped breathing by breathing into her/his mouth



本单元的语言点是现在完成时态,现在完成时是动作发生在过去,强调对对现在的影响,请看下面的解释和范例


The present perfect

The Use

We use the present perfect to talk about something that happened before now but we don't say exactly when it happened.
Alice says, 'She has gone for a break'. The doctor isn't in the room now because she left the room for her break some time before now.
The father says, 'He's stopped breathing'. The patient isn't breathing now because he stopped breathing at some unknown time in the past.
If we refer to the time when the doctor left the room or when the patient stopped breathing, then we use the past simple.
She went for her break at midnight.
He stopped breathing 1 minute ago.
The present perfect has two parts -the main verb and the auxiliary 4 verb.

The form - the main verb

He has stopped breathing.
She has gone for her break.
In these examples, the main verbs are 'to stop' and 'to go'. We use the past participle of the main verb. Some verbs are regular - you add 'ed' to the infinitive 5 without 'to', while others are irregular. You have to learn the past participle e.g.
to go -gone to take -taken to find -found
to see -seen to give -given to buy – bought

The form – the auxiliary verb

The auxiliary verb is 'to have'. When we make the present perfect we use the present simple form of 'to have':
I/you/we/they have ...
he/she/it has...
The form is often shortened to: I've, she's, we've, etc.
She has gone for a break.
She's gone for a break.
We use the auxiliary to make negatives, questions and short answers.
I haven't done it before.
Has she done it before?
Yes, she has.
No, she hasn't.

Adverbs of time

There are some adverbs of time that are commonly used with the present perfect.
Just -This means it happened recently, not a long time ago
She's just gone for a break.
Never -This means it has not happened, not even once.
I've never given mouth to mouth.
Already -This emphasises that something has happened before now
I have already called the doctor. She is coming.
The adverb goes between the auxiliary verb and the main verb.



1 shortened
v.弄短,缩短( shorten的过去式和过去分词 )
  • She shortened the skirt by an inch. 她把裙子缩短了一英寸。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • Vacations have lengthened and the work week has shortened. 假期延长,工作周就缩短了。 来自辞典例句
2 version
n.版本;型号;叙述,说法
  • His version of the events is pure supposition.他对这件事的说法纯属猜测。
  • What is your version of this matter?你对这件事情的看法 怎么样?
3 resuscitation
n.复活
  • Despite attempts at resuscitation,Mr Lynch died a week later in hospital.虽经全力抢救,但林奇先生一周以后还是在医院去世了。
  • We gave him mouth-to-mouth resuscitation and heart massage.我们对他进行了口对口复苏救治和心脏按摩。
4 auxiliary
adj.辅助的,备用的
  • I work in an auxiliary unit.我在一家附属单位工作。
  • The hospital has an auxiliary power system in case of blackout.这家医院装有备用发电系统以防灯火管制。
5 infinitive
n.不定词;adj.不定词的
  • The use of the split infinitive is now generally acceptable.分裂不定式的用法现在已被广泛接受。
  • Modal verbs generally take the bare infinitive.情态动词通常用不带to的不定式。
学英语单词
absenteeism
absolute viscosity
action-orientated
aerobic composting
agible
aisatung mt.
Alemite lubrication
allow free entrance to
anaemically
analytical photogrammetry
Anaptychia
arithmetic(al) series
axial interference factor
axial thrust bearing
azaleastrums
base market value
bubble baths
Canastra, R.de
cheiracanthium filiapophysium
chloroethane
chloroiodohydroxyquinoline
cleft sternum
common commercial policy
connexin-26
container
counter-restoration
crescentic lobes
Cuttoli-Corticchiato
cygnus columbianus bewickiis
Dagestanians
dealingss
decasualization of labour
dedication of love
detachment point
dishcloth gourd
drears
expository
four-link mechanism
gath (gat)
H reflex
horn-break fuse
hydraulic assistance
indubitate
information preserving transformation
join hands
joint mobility
koupreys
Lar'yak
lastolite
lateral malleolar branches
longbow
longwayss
maneuver flap
manquelle
membership-only
mend one's fence
mingimingi
mock heroic
mom and apple pie
non-separation agreement
nonexistent block
nose drop
nosegrinds
o.d. (outside diameter)
olio
on stilts
Ouray County
Penyu, Kep.
polyfon
power transmission chain
protostele
pure Trojan group
re-partition
re-routeings
relative frequency deviation
reprival
research tool
RSD (Relative Standard Deviation)
saddle-joint
schistocytosis
Shenyankang
simple cusp
situation situs
Skinnskatteberg
straight knurling
sweet-gale
Teperin
threshold stimuli
tile drainage
tseveen
turnup for the book
twelvest
U-turners
unwanted emission
visual ray method
volum
water cooled screw convey
water invasion coefficient
werning
Winchester disk drive
wire wrap module
wrestle with sth