英语听力—环球英语 1040 Rich Ideas

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　　Welcome to Spotlight 1. I’m Marina Santee.
 
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　　And I’m Mike Procter. Spotlight uses a special English method of broadcasting. It is easier for people to understand - no matter where in the world they live.
 
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　　A young woman runs through city streets. She runs for exercise, to stay healthy. She is about to have an amazing experience. The woman’s name is Jaqueline Novogratz. She is from the United 2 States. But she is in Kigali, the capital city of Rwanda.
 
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　　Suddenly, Jaqueline stops. She sees a small boy. He is wearing a blue shirt. But this is not just any blue shirt. She recognizes the design. When she was a child, she had owned a shirt like it. But she had given it away many years before. Jaqueline runs to the boy, and looks more closely 4 at the shirt. It is the same shirt she had given away, in the United States.
 
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　　Today’s Spotlight is on Jaqueline, and her organization, the Acumen 5 Fund 6. The blue shirt became an example for her. When she gave it away, she did not know where it would go. Now, she was connected to the boy through the blue shirt. But she was not just connected to the boy. She felt that all people are connected. And Jacqueline wanted to help other people see this connection. She believed that these connections could make a big difference to all people.
 
　　Jacqueline explains on the Acumen Fund website:
 
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　　“I dream of a world where every human being can get the goods and services they need: health, water, homes and energy. This way they can add greater purpose to their lives.
 
　　“Imagine a life where you cannot pay the school costs required for an education for your children. Then a child gets sick or bad weather destroys your home. We need to find ways to get services at low cost so people are not always in those bad situations.”
 
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　　Jacqueline wanted to connect rich people and poor people. She wanted to connect business people and their communities. And this is why she began the Acumen Fund. The Acumen Fund invests 8 in people who have good ideas to improve their own poor communities. They give loans 9 and other support to businesses. This method of support does not see poor people as victims 10 without hope. Instead, it sees poor people as business people of the future.
 
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　　Jacqueline fears that people lose honour when they just receive aid. Receiving aid can also stop people from using their own skills to solve problems. They begin to depend on the people who give the aid. This is why the Acumen Fund looks for good business people, who want to improve their communities. And this is why the fund gives loans, as well as other kinds of support. She says:
 
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　　“What makes the Acumen Fund different is that we find solutions. These solutions remove those barriers 11 from individual families. Then they have a better chance of solving their own problems.”
 
　　“We invest 7 in some of the best experiments in the world. When we find those things that work we have a model. We can share that model with the rest of the world.”
 
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　　One example of this is in Tanzania, in East Africa. The Acumen Fund invests in a company called A to Z. A to Z employs more workers than almost any other business in that country. They produce fine cloth shelters 12. A person sleeps under this fine cloth. The cloth keeps insects away while the person sleeps. This has prevented many, many people from catching 13 the disease 14 malaria 15.
 
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　　Another example of the Acumen Fund’s work is in the Indian state of Bihar. The population of Bihar is huge but the people are some of the poorest in India. And they have a particular problem as a result. Sasha Dichter works 16 for the Acumen Fund. In a talk to the organization TED 3, he explained:
 
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　　“Ninety percent of the people in Bihar do have not electricity. They use oil, called kerosene 17. When kerosene is your only kind of light, you will probably be burned. Also, you will use it as little as possible. Worse, the smoke from the kerosene, and from stoves kills people. More than a million people die each year from breathing smoke in their homes. Also, they are spending ten to fifteen percent of their pay to buy these dirty fuels.”
 
　　“When we see a problem like that we do not try to solve it. Instead, we look for a person who can.”
 
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　　The Acumen Fund found such a person. His name is Gyanesh Pundey. Gyanesh was raised in Bihar but he worked in America as an engineer. He could not stop thinking about the kerosene problem in Bihar.
 
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　　His answer was rice. Farmers in the area grow a lot of rice. Gyanesh discovered that he could make electricity from the rice plants. With a friend, he developed a new business, using money from the Acumen Fund.  Now, many villagers use the waste from rice plants as fuel. Using generator 18 machines, the waste produces low-cost electricity in many villages. Raghunath Prasad Chauhan is a farmer with four children. He explained to the Acumen Fund:
 
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　　“It was dark. And because of that there were so many problems. People stole. And snakes and dogs would bite. My children could not study at night. Since the electricity came, my children can study at night. It is also good for business.
 
　　“I used to live in the dark. Now I live in a world full of light. It makes me feel happy from the bottom of my heart.”
 
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　　These are just two of the many business ideas the Acumen Fund supports in Africa, India and Pakistan. Their projects include clean water projects, toilets, health care, and many more areas. And it all began with a little girl giving away her blue shirt. Now Jacqueline Novogratz uses her story to encourage big businesses and young people with money to invest in poor people with good ideas.
 
　　We leave the final words to Jacqueline Novogratz:
 
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　　“In many ways this is the most exciting time in history. We have the tools, the resources 19, the skills and the ideas to solve the big problems of poverty 20. But it will take all of us, every one of us, to make that happen.”
 
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　　The writer of this program was Alan Harris. The producer was Nick Mangeolles. The voices you heard were from the United Kingdom and the United States. All quotes 21 were adapted for this program and voiced by Spotlight. You can listen to this program again, and read it, on the internet at http://www.radioenglish.net This .program is called, ‘Rich Ideas’.
 
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　　You can also leave your comments on our website. Or you can email us at radio@radioenglish.net. You can also find us on Facebook - just search for spotlightradio. We hope you can join us again for the next Spotlight program. Goodbye.