时间:2019-03-04 作者:英语课 分类:英文语法词汇


英语课
最近几年高考试题中常常借助语境来考查情态动词的基本用法及其区别,因此在平时学习时准确理解和掌握情态动词的基本用法十分重要。情态动词的用法复杂多变,在高考试题中,命题者常常利用语境和句子之间意义上的细微差别来考查学生对情态动词的理解和掌握。对于情态动词,除了要求考生能够准确掌握它们的基本用法外,还要充分利用高考试题所设置的语境来分析句子之间所体现的特殊关系。下面就近几年来高考试题中出现的情态动词的考点进行归纳分析,以便同学们复习掌握。

一、用“情态动词+have +done”结构表示对过去动作的推测,高考试题中常用过去时态或过去的时间状语给以暗示。情态动词的这一用法可以用 “对立统一”来概括。

1.当试题的前句和后句在动作和意义上相互补充说明,且整个句意在动作和时间上是一个整体时,我们可用“统一”关系来解决这样的试题。常见的结构有:

must have done: 表示对过去动作的肯定推测,常译作“一定做了……”,只能用于肯定句中。其否定形式为can’t/couldn’t have done? 疑问式为Can/Could...have done﹖。

could /might have done:表示对过去发生的动作的可能性推测,常译作“可能做了……”。如:

1) Sorry I’m late. I _____ have turned off the alarm clock and gone back to sleep again. ?(北京 2000春)

A. might B. should C. can D. will

该题前句说明了结果,后句接着说出了产生这种结果的可能性,对前句进行补充说明。分析选项可知本题应选A。

2) My sister met him at the Grand 1 Theater yesterday afternoon, so he _____ your lecture. ?(上海 2000)

A. couldn’t have attended

B. needn’t have attended

C. mustn’t have attended

D. shouldn’t have attended

该题前句叙说一个客观事实,后句对前句进行补充说明,分析选项可知C是错误的? 而B、D两项不符合题意。故本题选A。又如:

Jack 2 ____ yet, otherwise he would have telephoned me. (上海’97)

A. mustn’t have arrived

B. shouldn’t have arrived

C. can’t have arrived

D. need not have arrived (C)

2.当试题的前后句在动作和意义上构成转折关系时,常借助“but, however, instead”等词来表示过去的动作与客观事实不符,这时我们就可以用“对立”关系来解决这样的试题。这种结构常见的有:

should have done / ought to have done:表示过去本应该做某事而实际上没有做。

should not have done / ought not to have done:表示过去本不应该做某事但事实上却做了。

need have done:表示过去本来有必要去做某事,但事实上没有做。

need not have done:表示过去本来没有必要做某事,但事实上却做了。如:

3) I was really anxious about you. You _____ home without a word. (NMET2001)

A. mustn’t leave B. shouldn’t have left

C. couldn’t have left D. needn’t leave

分析该题前后句之间的关系和语气可知,事实上是 “本不应该离家出走却走了”,故本题选B。

4) I told Sally how to get here, but perhaps I _____ for her. (NMET’94)

A. had to write it out

B. must have written it out

C. should have written it out

D. ought to write it out

由句中的连词but可知前后句之间是对立关系,分析题意可知本题应选C。

adj.豪华的,宏伟的,壮丽的,主要的,重大的;n.(美俚)一千美元
  • The pianist played several pieces of music on a grand piano.钢琴家在一架大钢琴上弹了几首乐曲。
  • Come on,I'll give you the grand tour of the backyard.跟我来,我带你去后院来一次盛大的旅游。
n.插座,千斤顶,男人;v.抬起,提醒,扛举;n.(Jake)杰克
  • I am looking for the headphone jack.我正在找寻头戴式耳机插孔。
  • He lifted the car with a jack to change the flat tyre.他用千斤顶把车顶起来换下瘪轮胎。
学英语单词
accessory tragus
acid resin
Actinidia lanceolata
Address Resolution Protocol
airdry
amphichiralty
anthrafuran
antidetonating quality
argon compound
Arsiero
Arvinum
bangalore torpedoes
BlackBerry Balance
broadcast input
brutal violence
cattle manifest
cervical trachea
clearing iron
collaborative inquiry
commissioned work
comparator plate
correctors and safety systems
critical self-healing voltage
Cuzco-bark
deep-fat-fry
desea
deuterohemin
dewatering bucket
dialkyl arsine trihalide
Dibasol
electrical junction box
end-condition
euectic
euglena spirogyra
fall prey to
gas-turbine plant
geomorphological history
grandisine
Groote Eylandt
gyrosphere height indicator
hand nets
hard sphere theory
haut-pas
heterophile
hin
homospecificity
hydrothermal water
ice framing
IPM status report
isomaltodextrine
judgments by default
karyosomes
lagship product
lateral force
lesser sunda islandss
LIF
Lovozerskiy Rayon
mesoporphyrins
methylsticin
mine captain
mineral kingdoms
mixed consignment
mulberry sapling
N-acetyl-DL-Penicilline
nalmexone
navarrete
Navigation within Port Area
nonasyllabic
northford
ootheco-
outnigger
Patella's disease
pencil moustaches
perfluorooctanoic acid
pia-glia
pocket-piece
polyacetaldehyde
poster colo(u)r
reinforced
screw expeller
sir james murrays
snippeting
sodium gedrite
steelhead trout
step induction voltage regulator
step reachability
string player
technical centre
toxigenic diarrhea
truckles
unicorn's horn
valderramas
Van Slyke test
vat under brine
venular
verolino
vinylpyrene
Västra Götalands Län
waste lubrication
wet baffle chamber
YCL57w
zoned decimal