时间:2019-02-19 作者:英语课 分类:GRE作文


英语课

   行动理论


  Action theory concerned with theories about the processes causing intentional 1 (willful) human bodily movements of more or less complex kind.
  Basic action theory typically describes action as behavior caused by an agent in a particular situation. The agent?s desires and beliefs (e.g. my wanting a glass of water and believing the clear liquid in the cup in front of me is water) lead to bodily behavior (e.g. reaching over for the glass). In the simple theory, the desire and belief jointly 2 cause the action. We should take the concept of intention as basic and not analyzable into beliefs and desires.
  行为的回报和强化
  A reward, tangible 3 or intangible, is presented after the occurrence of an action (i.e. behavior) with the intent to cause the behavior to occur again. This is done by associating positive meaning to the behavior. Studies show that if the person receives the reward immediately, the effect would be greater, and decreases as duration lengthens 4. Repetitive action-reward combination can cause the action to become habit.
  Rewards can also be organized as extrinsic 5 or intrinsic. Extrinsic rewards are external to the person; for example, praise or money. Intrinsic rewards are internal to the person; for example, satisfaction or accomplishment 6.
  Some authors distinguish between two forms of intrinsic motivation: one based on enjoyment 7, the other on obligation. In this context, obligation refers to motivation based on what an individual thinks ought to be done. For instance, a feeling of responsibility for a mission may lead to helping 8 others beyond what is easily observable, rewarded, or fun.
  A reinforcer is different from reward, in that reinforcement is intended to create a measured increase in the rate of a desirable behavior following the addition of something to the environment.
  选择的定义
  Are we free to make our own choices? To answer the question, we must first cut the fat off the widely used definition of choice. Defining choice in this situation can be a difficult task. A popular definition of choice could be a mental process through which an individual weighs the consequences of their actions to create an ideal image of their preference to the outcome of their actions. But, when you look at this definition, you see that it suggests that someone who fails to carefully analyze 9 their actions doesn?t actually make choices. Can we assume by this definition that choices are free? We can say yes, because according to this definition, if we do carefully analyze our actions, we create the outcome that we choose.

adj.故意的,有意(识)的
  • Let me assure you that it was not intentional.我向你保证那不是故意的。
  • His insult was intentional.他的侮辱是有意的。
ad.联合地,共同地
  • Tenants are jointly and severally liable for payment of the rent. 租金由承租人共同且分别承担。
  • She owns the house jointly with her husband. 她和丈夫共同拥有这所房子。
adj.有形的,可触摸的,确凿的,实际的
  • The policy has not yet brought any tangible benefits.这项政策还没有带来任何实质性的好处。
  • There is no tangible proof.没有确凿的证据。
(时间或空间)延长,伸长( lengthen的第三人称单数 )
  • In summer, the daylight hour lengthens. 夏天,白天的时间长。
  • Summer lengthens (out) into autumn. 夏去秋来。
adj.外部的;不紧要的
  • Nowadays there are more extrinsic pressures to get married.现在来自外部的结婚压力多了。
  • The question is extrinsic to our discussion.这个问题和我们的讨论无关。
n.完成,成就,(pl.)造诣,技能
  • The series of paintings is quite an accomplishment.这一系列的绘画真是了不起的成就。
  • Money will be crucial to the accomplishment of our objectives.要实现我们的目标,钱是至关重要的。
n.乐趣;享有;享用
  • Your company adds to the enjoyment of our visit. 有您的陪同,我们这次访问更加愉快了。
  • After each joke the old man cackled his enjoyment.每逢讲完一个笑话,这老人就呵呵笑着表示他的高兴。
n.食物的一份&adj.帮助人的,辅助的
  • The poor children regularly pony up for a second helping of my hamburger. 那些可怜的孩子们总是要求我把我的汉堡包再给他们一份。
  • By doing this, they may at times be helping to restore competition. 这样一来, 他在某些时候,有助于竞争的加强。
vt.分析,解析 (=analyse)
  • We should analyze the cause and effect of this event.我们应该分析这场事变的因果。
  • The teacher tried to analyze the cause of our failure.老师设法分析我们失败的原因。
标签: GRE作文
学英语单词
acoustic(al) tile ceiling
ammonia gas developing
aperture distortion
apophysis raviana
application system
automatic ground controlled approach
Ban Dong Yang
Beagle Ent.
bellport
BVIX
calcium (ca)
catechu seu gambier
Chinacrinre
church school
contingency analysis
Coolgardie safe
coplanarity condition equation
counter crankshaft rotation
crisphead lettuce
cutting transportation ratio
deadweight displacement ratio
dementialike
die-backs
dogging
e-zelle
eagerly
encyclopaedies
Erjamia
family Tilletiaceae
feebling
Folium Apocyni Veneti
fonduta
fourbedroom
fractional polarization
fryes
gamos
general derivative
globular-structure
gona
gravity discharge
gubernias
hashpipes
heating surface of tubes
helicoid uniparous cyme
heraldic bearings
high-zinc
hot flue dryer
indirect factor
inter-bank settlement
kanab plat.
kathakali kalamandalam/ramankutty nair
Livingston's triangle
local characters
lower-value
main dish
mainshaft intermediate gear
Mananthes microdonta
Mcfd, MCFD
mustelas
no-man
non-pressure flow
normal deviation
optic nerve
panayiotiss
partial process
pedipulators
penom
perycit
phaeno
pietists
programme chooser
pushbutton originating register
redundancy determination
remote launch site
resign office
resonance fluorescence technique
reverse power
ripping bar
rubber stamps
sand sedge
scholzs
sea algae vegetation
self-transcending
sempect
Signaling Approach
Sinkiang Uighur
spurious impedance
stick pusher
surface state
temporal scale
test and verify program
theare
therapeutic contradiction
thermostatic reaction
uasp
unsequenced
weight-operated gripper
wellhead platform
women's group
worm-type steering gear
Yabroud
Zapiola Seamount