时间:2019-02-19 作者:英语课 分类:英语畅谈中国文化


英语课

  13. The Importance of Chopsticks

A: In the 17th century when the British businessman heard that there were one hundred million people in China, he was determined 1 to go there and sell spoons. He thought even if a spoon would only sell for one penny, he would still make one hundred million pennies. But he didn’t succeed. The Chinese people use chopsticks not spoons.

B: Some people did some research on the origin of China’s chopsticks compared to the knife and fork in the west. One theory is that China was an agricultural society and relied on vegetables for food. Chopsticks were very convenient to those for eating. The westerners, on the other hand, were nomads 2 and lived on meat. The knife and fork were more practical. Others believe that China didn’t have much industry and therefore people use chopsticks. The west was an industrial society, so their eating utensils 3 were made of metal.

A: Sounds interesting. When I first learned that the Chinese use a pair of sticks to eat with, I was curious how they would drink soup. Just like the Indians who use their fingers to eat, do they also use their fingers to drink soup?

B: Whatever the reasons why the Chinese use chopsticks and westerners use knife and fork, it is a result of their respective cultures. Chinese culture is developed around collectivism, which stresses communion and harmony. The western culture emphasizes individualism. In terms of eating customs, chopsticks and knives and forks are two desperate expressions of this cultural difference. The Chinese like to have communal 4 meals where everybody eats out of the same bowl of food. Chopsticks were used in order to discourage people from eating more than others. This was not only a good way to preserve collectiveness, but also to limit individualism. It is more straightforward 5 in the west. People eat their meals on their own, and there’s no restriction 6 on how to eat.

A: That sounds quite reasonable.

B: In addition, table manners are very strict during the Chinese meal. Respect has to be given to the elderly. Each time a dish is served, everyone has to wait until the elder person starts or to cut the ribbon as it is now called. The westerners will simply say “Help yourself” to start. The food is brought to the table all of the same time, so everybody is on the same starting line. This lacks the warm atmosphere which prevails at the Chinese dinner.

A: This may be the reason why it is always very noisy at the Chinese dinner, but quiet in the western restaurant.



adj.坚定的;有决心的
  • I have determined on going to Tibet after graduation.我已决定毕业后去西藏。
  • He determined to view the rooms behind the office.他决定查看一下办公室后面的房间。
n.游牧部落的一员( nomad的名词复数 );流浪者;游牧生活;流浪生活
  • For ten years she dwelled among the nomads of North America. 她在北美游牧民中生活了十年。
  • Nomads have inhabited this region for thousands of years. 游牧民族在这地区居住已有数千年了。 来自《简明英汉词典》
器具,用具,器皿( utensil的名词复数 ); 器物
  • Formerly most of our household utensils were made of brass. 以前我们家庭用的器皿多数是用黄铜做的。
  • Some utensils were in a state of decay when they were unearthed. 有些器皿在出土时已经残破。
adj.公有的,公共的,公社的,公社制的
  • There was a communal toilet on the landing for the four flats.在楼梯平台上有一处公共卫生间供4套公寓使用。
  • The toilets and other communal facilities were in a shocking state.厕所及其他公共设施的状况极其糟糕。
adj.正直的,坦率的;易懂的,简单的
  • A straightforward talk is better than a flowery speech.巧言不如直说。
  • I must insist on your giving me a straightforward answer.我一定要你给我一个直截了当的回答。
n.限制,约束
  • The park is open to the public without restriction.这个公园对公众开放,没有任何限制。
  • The 30 mph speed restriction applies in all built-up areas.每小时限速30英里适用于所有建筑物聚集区。
学英语单词
adrenosin
agitation noise
antistress minerals
ballhead
bandpass selector
bassaricyon gabbii
baton rouges
book-leaf clay
braccianite
brachytrupes portentosus
branching-off point
cardiac aglycone
centerleft
chlamys squamata
commercial translator
concitation
conespheroid
crawling peg system
creepie
cross guarantee
culturallydifferent
cystic bronchiectasis
decanting tank
diatas
diddicoy
discerner
disutility
do right by sb
Dorset, Ist Earl of
duncified
emergency cut-off button
European Space Agency
flow microcalorimetry
foul water
gala(n)tine
gall ducts
Gempylidae
Grezzana
hartel
herba pirolae
high-fusion-ash coal
ichthyohemotoxic fishes
Idylls of the King
if it comes to that
isolog
keptie
lachrymal
Latzko's cesarean
liederkranzs
light-curve
lighting of trees
liquid-vapour equilibrium
malay bean
meristotheca papulosa
miscellancous bay
mock ore (mock lead) (sphalerite)
monogynaeae
More power to your elbow
Mutharika
myoatrophy
narcotics
non-degenerate sphere
onsites
orthoepist
oxycarbonates
people's assessor system
phlegm-expelling formula
Pinus echinata
pitted teeming
poetization
polygenic combination
port door
portraitists
printing diameter
protophytic
pulmonary diffusion function
razor sauce
Robamate
Roshen
scatterometric
scientific organization
skart
slack selvedge
smart installer
solanum elaeagnifoliums
standing light
stark naught
stock-out cast
sub-harmonic mixer
sub-topics
super-cardioid microphone
supranationalism
synchronousness
t'do
take someone's fancy
tariff walls
the rockies
Trogium pulsatorium
tube worms
us-based
viennotaleyrodes megapapillae
voting behavior