时间:2019-02-17 作者:英语课 分类:GRE英语


英语课

   改革后的新GRE考试,更注重考查考生的研究能力,同时在内容和形式上都有重大变化。拿词汇部分来讲,旧GRE考试中最为让人望而生畏的类比反义词部分在新GRE考试中被取消,这固然是一个让很多考生都欢欣鼓舞的消息,但同时又提出一个疑问,应该如何相应地来准备新GRE考试中的词汇呢?在这里笔者对此进行一个初步的分析与探讨。


  一、新旧GRE考试对词汇量要求的对比
  旧GRE考试中非常注重对词汇的要求,对单词量要求非常之大,到了让人瞠目结舌的地步。不仅常见词汇能考到18000左右,而且充斥着大量日常生活中难以见到的生僻词汇,比如coven意为”十三个女巫的集会“,arabesque意为”具有阿拉伯风格的图案“,illumination转义为”古书上的修饰图案“,因此导致单词不认识几乎无法解题。然而在新GRE考试中,由于将类比反义词类题型取消,单词量要求相对减少,生僻词考查力度削弱,主要考查一些具有特征的单词,即使某个生词不认识也完全能根据上下文的语境把词的大致含义给推断出来。因此从这个角度来讲,考生背诵单词的数量大幅度下降,对单词精确含义理解的要求也相应的大幅度削弱。
  二、新旧GRE考试对词汇考察方式的比较
  改革前的GRE Verbal部分的38道题目由类比、反义、阅读和填空四部分组成。其中直接考察词汇能力的类比和反义题占到了20个之多,体现出词汇题占着至关重要的地位。填空考查在一定的语境下考生对词汇的分析能力,阅读则偏重于根据上下文对词汇的理解能力。考生想取得理想的成绩在考前就一定要记忆极大数量的单词。
  改革后的GRE考试对词汇的考查大大减弱。Verbal部分将会取消原有的类比与反义词题目的测试,只剩填空与阅读两个部分,而这两个部分的考察方式也做了一定程度的调整。
  下面就针对新GRE考试中填空与阅读对词汇的考察做一些分析。
  拿填空部分来讲,从样题上看,改革后的GRE考试在填空中包括了同义词的辨析、反义词的辨析、词汇搭配、词汇含义精确理解等考察方式,这就要求考生不仅要掌握词汇的意思,还需要进一步了解常考词汇的用法和内涵。其中样题的填空类题型direction和例题如下:
  For the following questions, select the two answer choices that, when used to complete the sentence, fit the meaning of the sentence as a whole and produce completed sentences that are alike in meaning。
  4 . International financial issues are typically by the United States media because they are too technical to make snappy headlines and too inaccessible 1 to people who lack a background in economics。
  A. neglected 被忽视的
  B. slighted 被忽视的
  C. overrated 被高估的
  D. hidden 被隐藏的
  E. criticized 被批评的
  F. repudiated 2 被拒绝的
  从direction和样题可以看出,填空题由以前的五选一变为了六选二,为什么会做这样的变化呢?其目的就是可以考察更多的词汇量。而所选的两个正确选项由于都要符合题干的意思,所以这两个词就必然是同义词或者近义词。所以在解题时大家可以先不读题干,先看选项中是否有同义词组,如果只有一对的话则答案必然是选这两个词,而如果有两对或者三对时再回到题干由句子意思来判断应该选哪一对同义词。在此题中我们先不读题干,直接扫视五个选项,发现只有A和B这两个选项是一组同义词,所以答案就可直接选择A和B选项,以此方法解题考生如果词汇量过关只要五秒种就可解出正确答案,而如果先看题干再读选项就会花更多的时间。因此掌握大量的同义词意群对解填空题可以收到事半功倍的效果,词汇的重要性也就不言而喻了。
  下面再看一下样题中阅读题是如何对词汇进行考查的。
  Questions 9 and 10 are based on the following reading passage。
  Scholarship on political newspapers and their editors is dominated by the view that as the United States grew, the increasing influence of the press led, ultimately, to the neutral reporting from which we benefit today. Pasley considers this view oversimplified, because neutrality was not a goal of early national newspaper editing, even when editors disingenuously 3 stated that they aimed to tell all sides of a story. Rather, the intensely partisan 4 ideologies 5 represented in newspapers of the early republic led to a clear demarcation between traditional and republican values. The editors responsible for the papers' content — especially those with republican agendas — began to see themselves as central figures in the development of political consciousness in the United States。
  10. In the context in which it appears, "disingenuously" most nearly meansA. insincerely
  B. guilelessly
  C. obliquely 6
  D. resolutely 7
  E. pertinaciously 8
  此类在阅读中直接考察词汇的题目在改革前的GRE阅读中从未出现过,可见在改革后的GRE考试中并未放松对词汇的考察。按部就班的解题方法应该是通过上下文逻辑关系推断出单词的含义,但是掌握了大量GRE单词后就完全可以脱离上下文而快速选出答案。由于disingenuously的意思是不真诚的,所以答案选A选项。可见此类题很类似于改革以前的反义词题型,无非是把它放在阅读题里对考生进行考察。
  三、准备新旧GRE考试背诵词汇方式的比较
  在准备改革前的GRE考试时,考生们一般需要背诵红宝书上的所有单词,但是正如上文所述,改革后的GRE考试会减轻对生僻名词的考察,因此在没有专门针对新GRE考试的词汇书出现前,考生们完全可以继续使用以前GRE的备考词汇书,比如红宝书,但是需要注意的是在背诵时可以略过一些生僻的名词,而把大部分精力集中在对于一些描述特征的形容词和动词上,因为在改革后的GRE考试的填空和阅读部分会出现大量诸如此类的词。
  综上所述,虽然与改革前的GRE考试相比,改革后的GRE考试在一定程度上减轻了对于词汇的考察,但是万变不离其宗,考生还是需要背诵大量的GRE单词。其实大家可以试想,GRE考试是美国研究生院的入学考试,如果你不具备大量的学术词汇,又怎么可能在美国读懂一篇篇逻辑缜密、述理透彻的学术文章呢?鉴于此,ETS在GRE考试中必然会继续对考生的词汇能力做一定的测试,考生们还是应该掌握大量的GRE词汇,以不变应万变。
 

adj.达不到的,难接近的
  • This novel seems to me among the most inaccessible.这本书对我来说是最难懂的小说之一。
  • The top of Mount Everest is the most inaccessible place in the world.珠穆朗玛峰是世界上最难到达的地方。
v.(正式地)否认( repudiate的过去式和过去分词 );拒绝接受;拒绝与…往来;拒不履行(法律义务)
  • All slanders and libels should be repudiated. 一切诬蔑不实之词,应予推倒。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
  • The Prime Minister has repudiated racist remarks made by a member of the Conservative Party. 首相已经驳斥了一个保守党成员的种族主义言论。 来自辞典例句
adv.不诚实地,不坦白地
  • Then, after telling the deputation to rise she continued, graciously and effectively, if disingenuously. 接着,她让跪着的代表团起来,以不那么诚恳,却是谦和,颇能打动人心的语气继续说道。 来自辞典例句
  • Disingenuously, he asked leading questions abut his opponent's work. 他狡猾地问了一些有关他对手工作的关键性问题。 来自互联网
adj.党派性的;游击队的;n.游击队员;党徒
  • In their anger they forget all the partisan quarrels.愤怒之中,他们忘掉一切党派之争。
  • The numerous newly created partisan detachments began working slowly towards that region.许多新建的游击队都开始慢慢地向那里移动。
n.思想(体系)( ideology的名词复数 );思想意识;意识形态;观念形态
  • There is no fundamental diversity between the two ideologies. 这两种思想意识之间并没有根本的分歧。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • Radical ideologies require to contrast to their own goodness the wickedness of some other system. 凡是过激的意识形态,都需要有另外一个丑恶的制度作对比,才能衬托出自己的善良。 来自辞典例句
adv.斜; 倾斜; 间接; 不光明正大
  • From the gateway two paths led obliquely across the court. 从门口那儿,有两条小路斜越过院子。 来自辞典例句
  • He was receding obliquely with a curious hurrying gait. 他歪着身子,古怪而急促地迈着步子,往后退去。 来自辞典例句
adj.坚决地,果断地
  • He resolutely adhered to what he had said at the meeting. 他坚持他在会上所说的话。
  • He grumbles at his lot instead of resolutely facing his difficulties. 他不是果敢地去面对困难,而是抱怨自己运气不佳。
adv.坚持地;固执地;坚决地;执拗地
  • He struggled pertinaciously for the new resolution. 他为了这项新决议而不懈努力。 来自互联网
标签: GRE 词汇
学英语单词
a fancy dress ball
aban
additive action
almiras
Arcadian youth
arsenate
belling out
card track
Cassia fasciculata
centrocapsular paralysis
Chikungunyavirus
closing station
combined transformer
come back Tuesday
conceptacle
consols
contrapleid
control of combustion
counterbuffing
current yield on funds
cut continuum
deglutate
digest-
dogcows
electromagnetisms
elucidatory
explicit integration method
femoral biceps
field-workers
floating leaf
francolinuss
full-moon
gain ... over
gammarolite
Gartner's cyst
geometrists
glyoxalcarboxylic acid
Hentiy Aymag
hsa
intervals abutting one another
jupe
Kabardinka
Langenbruck
laniards
lazy boy
lethe mataja
lever sprayer
lose flesh
Madrigueras
Mansfeld copper process
modern systems theory
modular instrument system
moermon
multiwavelength light emitters
musculus levatores costarum
Neptune Glacier
non resonant circuit
octamylose
orthopterans
palladium sponge
particularness
phase separated terminal box
podpod
poison
poison sb.'s mind against
proper means
push-out case
pycos
quick record
Rensch's rule
rusty sputhum
Schmieheim
scholder
Seneghe
skid rail
snivelly
social construction
status buffer
sternas
sterquilinous
Stifel, Michael
sulphaquinoxaline
swotred
synaesthesias
thermopolypnea
thoracic tuberculosis
thrombspondin
to realize
to tear
treating heat syndrome with cold methods
trench disease
tu quoque
tuberositas ossis metatarsalis
tuli
unbecoming conduct
Vagina tendinum musculi extensoris digitorum longi
vibration stress relief
vlaency charge
wired stopper finish
without fear or favor
working titles
Xcalak