时间:2019-02-14 作者:英语课 分类:英文语法词汇


英语课
一、从用法上复习归纳词汇,过语法关

英语词汇大多具有本身词义外,还有其语法功能,我们在复习时就不要把着眼点单纯放在单词记忆上,而 要从它们的语法功能上去把握它们。如在复习动词时我们就要根据它们变化形式多、搭配活跃等特点,从它们 的用法上进行分类记忆。这样,既可记住词汇,又可攻克语法难关。
1.宾语不同,意义也不同
英语中有些动词可同时后接不定式和动名词作宾语,但意义不同。它们是高考试题的考查重点。这类词主 要有:
go on doing(继续干同一件事) go on to do(接着去干另一件事)
stop doing sth.(停止正在干的事) stop to do sth.(停下来去干某事)
regret doing(后悔干了某事) regret to do(相当于be sorry to do)
forget/remember doing(忘记/记得已做过的事) forget/rem-ember to do(忘记/记得要干的事)
mean doing(意味着干…) mean to do(想干…)try doing(尝试做) try to do(设法做)
(95高考)"You were brave enough to raise objections at the meeting.""Well,now I regret_____ ___that."
A.to do B.to be doing C.to have done D.having done
(92高考)"I usually go there by train.""Why not____________by boat for a change?"
A.to try going B.trying to go C.to try and go D.try going
(87高考)They would not allow him_________across the line. A.to risk going B.risking going C.for risk to go D.risk going
2.都可接宾语和宾补,形式却不同
某些动词如forbid,advise,allow,permit,admit,consider等直接接动词作宾语时要用动名词,但接宾补时 ,宾补要用不定式。如: We forbid smoking here.(宾语)We forbid you to smoke here.(宾补)You are forbidden to smoke here.(主补)
3.宾语不同、语态不同,意义却相同
有些词如need,require,want,deserve等后可接不定式(要用被动形式),可接动名词(要用主动形式表被 动意义),可与worth,worthy一并记忆。两种形式意义相同。如:The room requires to be cleaned/cleaning.
(85高考)This sentence needs______________. A.an improvement B.improve C.improving D.improved
4.只接不定式作宾语的词和词组
只接不定式作宾语的词和词组有:decide,expect,refuse,wish,hope,order,promise,pretend,offer,happen,seem,make up one's mind,used,be about,be able,have等。如:(89高考)She pretended_______me when I passed by. A.not to see B.not seeing C.to not see D.having not seen
5.只接动名词作宾语的词和词组
只接动名词作宾语的词和词组:mind,risk,avoid,enjoy,escape,keep,suggest,appreciate,practise,delay,finish,feel like,look forward to,can't help,keep(on),miss,be usedto,excuse,be worth,imagine ,put off,give up等。如:
(92高考)I would appreciate_________back this afternoon.A.you to call B.you call C.your calling D.you are calling
(87高考)The squirrel 1 was lucky that it just missed______.A.catching 2 B.to be caught C.being caught D.to catch
6.系动词
系动词后可用名词、不定式、分词和形容词等作表语,这类词有:
表感观的系动词:look,sound,taste,smell,feel,seem,appear(这些词用形容词作表语)
表变化的系动词:become,get,turn,grow,make,come,go,fall,run表依旧的系动词:remain,keep,stay,continue,stand,rest,lie,hold
可带名词作表语的系动词:be,become,make,look,sound,fall,prove,remain,turn(该词后接的单数名词前多不用冠词。如:He turned teacher.)(91高考)These oranges taste____________.A.good B.well C.to be good D.to be well
7.含"被动"意味的动词
有些动词,如sell,open,close,wash,teach,burn,measure,cut,lock,cost,read,write,tear,wear,pull, clean,add,cook,let(出租)等,它们的主语是事物,且又是表示主语的固有特征和状态,与行为方式状语连 用时,要用主动形式表被动意义:
My pen writes smoothly 3.我的笔好写。Oil burns easily.油易燃烧。
(88高考)That suit_________over 60 dollars.A.had costed B.costed C.is cost D.cost
(97高考)"Is this raincoat yours?""No,mine____________there behind the door."A.is hanging B.has hung C.hangs D.hung
8.具有两种形式的易混动词
中学英语教材中有些不规则动词有两种过去式或两种过去分词形式,使用或考测时极易弄混。如:
hang,hanged,hanged(绞死)hang,hung,hung(挂起)
light,lit,lit(点燃,作谓语)light,lighted,lighted(过去分词作形容词用时,意谓"燃烧着的",作定语)
drink,drank,drunk/drunken(喝,饮;过去分词作形容词同时,意谓"醉的",drunk多作表语,drunke n多作定语)
sink,sank,sunk/sunken(下沉;过去分词sunken作形容词用时,作定语)
bear,bore,born(出生)bear,bore,borne(结果;生育)The woman,who was born in 1940,has borne five children.
lie(撒谎), lied, lied, lying lie(躺,卧,位于),lay, lain, lying
(89高考)Do you know the boy___________under the big tree? A.lay B.lain C.laying D.lying


n.松鼠,松鼠的毛皮;vt.贮藏以备用
  • The squirrel makes a store of nuts for the winter.松鼠贮藏坚果以备过冬。
  • A squirrel hoards nuts for the winter.松鼠为过冬贮藏坚果。
adj.易传染的,有魅力的,迷人的,接住
  • There are those who think eczema is catching.有人就是认为湿疹会传染。
  • Enthusiasm is very catching.热情非常富有感染力。
adv.平滑地,顺利地,流利地,流畅地
  • The workmen are very cooperative,so the work goes on smoothly.工人们十分合作,所以工作进展顺利。
  • Just change one or two words and the sentence will read smoothly.这句话只要动一两个字就顺了。
学英语单词
abdominal surgery instruments
actual element
advance-decline line
an external angle
backward chaining
bankone
bartlett pears
birch bolete
Bond albedo
Bursa infrahyoidea
by file type
caper
car-mounted microphone
casokefamide
cataclysmic separation theory
cellular fusion
chicken tacoes
chloramine treatment
cholemias
clasmatocytic
cognitive neuropsychology
cold settler
congressane
core jarring machine
cumulative total
czechoslovakias
declass
disinures
distributed message switching
double-normal solution
eborine
egg inoculation
Engel-Recklinghausen disease
episcopies
Euglenoidea
fag oneself to death
Ficoill
fire into
flow-through colorimeter
food futurist
gauze bandages
grain of meat
Hume's
hydraulic bottom-hole pump
hypersyn motor
inspiraled
ironweed
Kiamba
kw-hr
laser-Doppler-velocimetry
learning element
limiting the growth of the money supply
llgamenta apicis dentis
MACDefender
mandrels for pipe bending
maneuver
match-makers
mobile shower bath
MRAMs
naval petroleum reserves
niggery
nonflatulent
Ordiflazine
oxygenated
oystre
pantethine
parlor cars
peep-show
pharyngeal nerve
phonographists
plapp
Protonontronite
quickly drying paint
radiocarbon concentration
RAS API
red-handed
rock wreath
roentgen-
rope conveyer
screwier
seatage
Sidney Poitier
single heading flight
single side floppy disc
spiritual desertion
squaring tool
statistic of random processes
stratified one-stage cluster sampling
striga
strip someone to the skin
sun-rays
surseances
tetramethyl leucaniline
theddy
tintinnabulate
unstilled
venlin
viroplasmin
virtual private wire service
wall-drilling machine
wash trade
whorl(W)