时间:2019-02-12 作者:英语课 分类:美国习惯用语


英语课

  今天要学的两个习惯用语都为二十一世纪第一次大选的报道增添了色彩,而且这两个习惯用语包含一个共同的词:kitchen。 大家都知道kitchen是厨房。我们要学的第一个习惯用语是:kitchen cabinet。 Cabinet,这个词有很多不同的意思。它可以解释为柜子。例如kitchen cabinet从字面解释就可以指厨房内的橱柜。但是cabinet还有一个完全不同的意思,“内阁,” 就是由政府主要各部的部长们组成的政府领导班子,包括外交部长、国防部长、财政部长等人在内。

美国的这些部长们经常在白宫聚会商议,因为他们是总统正式任命的高级顾问。美国的政府部长虽然由总统任命,但是还得经过参议院的确认通过才能走马上任。

大多数美国总统还有一个非正式的顾问团,就称为Kitchen Cabinet, 他们既没有得到总统的正式任命, 当然也不必通过参议院的确认, 完全是非官方的人士,在政府机构内既没有一官半职,也不从政府机构领取工资。然而他们却和总统关系密切,日常不离总统的左右, 和总统共商治国大计,为总统出谋划策。

他们往往是和总统推心置腹的知己老友。由于他们对总统具有极大的影响力, 所以他们有时在白宫决策方面所起的作用甚至比官方的政府内阁还要大。我们先请唐本森告诉我们kitchen cabinet的出典:

例句-1:The use of the idiom 'kitchen cabinet' goes back to 1832. It comes from the fact that the kitchen is more informal than most of the house, and most families don't entertain strangers there.

In fact there are stories about presidents holding meetings with the kitchen cabinet while they played poker 1. And the seventh American president, Andrew Jackson, often held meetings with his old friends in the kitchen of the White House discussing important policies.

唐本森先生告诉我们:Kitchen Cabinet这个习惯用语起源于1832年。它来自这样一个事实:厨房比房子里的大部分房间都更加非正式,而且大多数家庭都不会在厨房里招待不熟悉的客人。

实际上, 据传说, 总统会边打扑克边和这些私人顾问们聚会商议。而美国的第七任总统安德鲁.杰克逊也时常和他的老朋友在白宫厨房聚会, 商讨重大政策。

这样看来kitchen cabinet和总统之间确实熟不拘礼, 而且和总统的来往远远不止官场上的接触。我们再听个例子。这是新闻评论员在谈论2000年的大选。请你听听他怎么应用习惯用语kitchen cabinet:

例句-2:Months before the election the media already were trying to guess which old friends of vice 2 president Gore 3 or governor Bush might end up in the new president's Kitchen Cabinet.

他说:在投票选举的几个月前, 新闻界就在猜测副总统戈尔和布什州长的哪些老朋友最终会成为新总统的私人顾问。

这里的习惯用语kitchen cabinet是指总统的私人顾问团。

******

今天要学的第二个习惯用语是: everything but the kitchen sink。 Sink是厨房的水斗。这个习惯用语来自二次大战中的美军,指双方的猛烈交战。你可以想象当时的枪林弹雨和炮火连天。我们听个描述当时战况的例子。

例句-3:The German attack hit us with everything but the kitchen sink: planes, artillery 4, tanks and infantry 5 charges.

他说:德国人用了飞机、大炮、坦克和步兵向我们发动进攻, 可见他们尽了一切能力量。

所以习惯用语everything but the kitchen sink意思就是“尽一切力量。” 如今这个习惯用语的应用不再局限于战场,而是广泛地用在你所能想到的一切方面,也包括政界的竞选运动。

我们听一位电台记者在展望选举日前最后两星期的选战形势:

例句-4:With time running out, the candidates are expected to throw everything but the kitchen sink at each other - TV and radio ads, phone calls, newspaper ads, to win last-minute votes.

他说:在时间所剩无几的当口, 预计候选人会用尽一切手段相互攻击;他们会用电视和电台的广告, 也会打电话联系选民, 或者登报作广告。这一切都是为了在最后关头争取选票。

这里的everything but the kitchen sink意思是用尽一切手段,或者尽其所能地。



n.扑克;vt.烙制
  • He was cleared out in the poker game.他打扑克牌,把钱都输光了。
  • I'm old enough to play poker and do something with it.我打扑克是老手了,可以玩些花样。
n.坏事;恶习;[pl.]台钳,老虎钳;adj.副的
  • He guarded himself against vice.他避免染上坏习惯。
  • They are sunk in the depth of vice.他们堕入了罪恶的深渊。
n.凝血,血污;v.(动物)用角撞伤,用牙刺破;缝以补裆;顶
  • The fox lay dying in a pool of gore.狐狸倒在血泊中奄奄一息。
  • Carruthers had been gored by a rhinoceros.卡拉瑟斯被犀牛顶伤了。
n.(军)火炮,大炮;炮兵(部队)
  • This is a heavy artillery piece.这是一门重炮。
  • The artillery has more firepower than the infantry.炮兵火力比步兵大。
n.[总称]步兵(部队)
  • The infantry were equipped with flame throwers.步兵都装备有喷火器。
  • We have less infantry than the enemy.我们的步兵比敌人少。
学英语单词
3-bromofuran
Adinandra latifolia
Allium fasciculatum
almohades
annular effect
articulation reference equivaleut
ARTIFIAM
asterropteryx semipunctata
barmen lace
bro-hug
cable main distribution frame
card punch output unit
charles snow
collinsonin
command post aircraft
cooperative strategy
copper(i) tetrathionate
cost-justified
court docket
creative city
crervical pleura
crust movement
departmental estimate
deposed
depreciation-annuity method
Dilacoran
disclaimant
double bottom center
driftweeds
driving course
drop ballast
earth-tonest
educational accountability
Eprofil
erik
extinguishing grenade
fernham
filter-aid
furnace top bell
fuse metal fire-detecting system
gain the heart of someone
garbage shoot
gladite
graphical technique
grooved lava
guidestar.org
Haller's rete
have her share in
heating furnace
High Masses
hydrolysis constant
hyphomycosis destruens equi
icp-oes
in adoration
incremental stress
indicavits
Jibouti
Kobaltchrysotile
lalanne
list of modification
loyalists
magnetic chart
make a regulation
mandatory subject
microproteinuria
neutralizing transformator
nonreactivity
OHT
parallax free
Parker City
pemoline
pendant-drop method
perigonial leaf
petur
pigford
played at
porpeller
power of gripping
pressure dividing
pretiously
product moment correlation
protected motor
pseudodax moluccanus
quaker-oats look
queue type
rampsoun
re-started
resemblest
rosin tin (resin tin)
rubber waterstop
selfoder
simple trust
slowerer
solar array drive assembly
stock jobbing
subtweets
tape-to-print converter
threshold branch cut
uncambered
uniquest
untreated gasoline