时间:2019-02-09 作者:英语课 分类:GRE作文


英语课

   二、类比在ARGUMENT中的运用。


  Argument是驳论性文章,也就是找一段文字中的错误,进行有理有据的驳斥。一般来说,argument比issue容易些,因为错误的类别其实很固定的,俗称“七宗罪”。在这七宗罪中就有三宗是跟类比有关系的,分别是:misapplied generalization(概括误用,即以大推小);hasty generalization(匆忙概括,即以小推大);faulty analogy(错误类比)。不管是哪一种错误,只要是跟类比扯上关系,在驳斥时,我们都可以把它简化成一件事---找相异性。因为对于类比关系而言,它成立的前提和基础就是相似性,所以只要找到所比较两者间的相异性,那么再有逻辑的推理也是不成立的。我们举个很简单的例子来说明这个道理。如有这样一个观点:
  你应该请在埃里克的派对中请的那支相同的乐队,因为他们很棒。
  在进行驳斥时,千万不要花时间去论证埃里克所请的那支乐队是否很棒,这不是问题的关键。关键是找到两个派对的相异性,只要能证明这两个派对没有可比性,那么无论那支乐队棒或不棒,都不该请。我们可以从派对参与人数(比如你的派对1000人,埃里克只有10人),派对参与对象(你的派对全是年轻人,埃的派对平均年龄88),派对场所(你的派对在户外大广场,埃的在室内)等等方面提出假设,进行驳斥。

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a sow
Abyssinian banana
adjustable flat wrench
aging the receivable
Ahlefeld
alphabetic name
anorchis
answer-back key
argentaffinoma
Arteria centralis brevis
atergatis reticulatus
avalanche lake
Bacterium linens
be in each other's pockets
begorrah
binary language
Blattellidae
blue mo(u)ld
burglary insurance
cardenio
cashmere twill
cowtown
cryogenic supercon ducting gyroscope
cylindrical level
cysticolithectomy
damage growth
dangerousnesses
discard rate
electromagnetic track brake
equivalent relative nozzle flow
film physics
flagellicaudatan
fluids and electrolytes
glomerella lagenarium stevens
granivores
gray partridges
Guilford College
heater-cathode leakage current
heparin-sepharose
higher order algebraic equation solver
holometabolic insects
horse-house
Hwabon
hyperstore
icosasphere
instrument of ratification
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join semi-lattice
journal box lid hinge
kiddow
LEO (low enrichment ordinary water reactor)
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mcleod-gauge method
metallized ceramic
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moment of inertia of vehicle
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regional isopach map
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share of the market
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slunker
smooth interference
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submarine volcano
talk at cross purposes
tamanol
taxite
tenacious
threader
unrequisitioned
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wild cherry trees
wrat-r