时间:2019-02-09 作者:英语课 分类:雅思英语


英语课

 雅思听力中的选择题型包括单选题,多选题与配对题,是两大基本题型之一(另一为填空题型)。一些刚接触雅思的烤鸭们会觉得单选题比填空题简单,因为至少有33%的正确率。选择题往往处处是陷阱,题题都暗藏杀机,烤鸭们往往会陷入简单的题目做不对,难题直接不会做的纠结状况。


  要解决选择题型一定要把握住听力的出题思路,即它的核心考查方向:Listening Comprehension(听力理解)。选择题的难度在于,在几秒钟的反映时间中排除众多细微的差别以及干扰项,选择正确的答案。而解题的基础是读题,读好题相当于解了一半的题。读题一方面能找好Keywords(关键词),让我们了解题目的内容,明确听题的侧重点;另一方面也可以让我们通过一些技巧在未听录音的时候“排除”其中一个选项,降低我们做题的难度。
  笔者将在下面三类雅思听力选择题中,具体分享如何在实战中运用上述技巧。
  一、弱智型
  弱智型题目指的是雅思考试中考到的一些不用听录音就能“选”对答案的题型,这种类型不是特别常见,但在不少考试中也都出现过,以剑桥系列真题为例。
  例一:Cambridge 4 Test 1 section 3
  The lecturer says that reasonable excuses for extensions are
  A. planning problems
  B. problems with assignment deadlines
  C. personal illness or accident
  答案 C  解析:题目中问的是讲师说延迟考试的合理的理由是,A选项说的是计划问题,B选项是作业的截至时间,C选项是生病或者意外事件。根据common sense完全可以不听题目选对答案C。
  例二:Cambridge 4 Test 1 section 3
  Melanie could not borrow any books from the library because
  A. the librarian was out
  B. it was a really big assignment
  C. the books had already been borrowed
  答案C
  解析:题目中问的是为什么Melanie不能从图书馆借到书,通过读题我们发现以正常人所遇到的情况来说一般是因为书已经被借走了才会发生。不放心的话,我们也可以带着预测答案反过来听录音。
  二、正常型
  正常型指的是雅思听力选择题中最常见的题型,这种题目的选项往往不是很长,也不是很难,但是雅思考官却会在里面设计很多的陷阱做干扰,录音中听到的内容与若干错误选项中的内容貌合神离,往往是文字一致,但意思风马牛。这样一来加大考试的难度,筛选出真正能把题目听懂的人,而不是那些只能听到某些选项中的单词就选那个选项的考生。
  (1)A, B和C三个选项都出现,其中两个为干扰项
  例三:Cambridge 4 Test 4 section 2
  To find out how much holidays cost, you should press button
  A. one
  B. two
  C. three
  答案B
  解析:本文中我们说了如何找到关键词和如何排除选项,很明显本题无法排除选项,那么我们就必须主动出击,重点就在关键词的把握,很显然本题的关键词为cost,而button可以帮助我们定位。通过听录音If you want to hear about special offers, please press one. If you want to hear our latest price lists, please press two. If you want to make a complaint, please press three. 我们听到price选定了B,排除A和C两个干扰项。
  (2)时间与范围的陷阱
  例四:Cambridge 4 Test 4 section 2
  Travelite currently 1 offer walking holidays
  A. only in Western Europe
  B. all over Europe
  C. outside Europe  答案A
  解析:通过读题我们不能排除选项,但是可以迅速找到关键词currently, only, all和outside,题目很有可能围绕现在、过去和未来三个阶段说出三个关于欧洲的不同的范围,如果我们听题前能预判出考点,那么我们会对考点更加敏感,大大提高做题正确率。如本题录音中提到We offering walking holidays throughout the whole ofWestern Europe. We are planning to open our first centre outside this area in thecoming year. 果然不出所料,陷阱就处在现在与将来,如果对考点不够敏感,会觉得A和C都出现过,不知如何选择。
  (3)替换陷阱
  例五:Cambridge 4 Test 4 section 2
  The walks offered by Travelite
  A. cater 2 for a range of walking abilities
  B. are planned by guides from the local area
  C. are for people with good fitness 3 levels
  答案A
  解析:根据录音Each day we offer three separate walks catering 4 for all skills and fitness levels. 我们找到了其中的一个关键词cater for作为定位,而它后面的all与a range of同义,所以本题考点在替换,选A。
  所谓替换也就是出现在题目中的关键词和关键词组不会在你听到的录音中直接出现,而是以同义或近义的表达来替换出现。常见的替换有but替换however, cope with替换deal with, because of替换due to, city替换urban等等。替换陷阱在每套题中都会频繁出现,朗阁海外考试研究中心建议考生们在做剑桥系列真题时,一旦遇到替换陷阱就应单独列在笔记本上,化零为整系统了解雅思常见的替换陷阱,加大对替换陷阱的敏感度。
  (4)细节陷阱
  例六:Cambridge 4 Test 4 section 2
  Entertainment is provided
  A. when guests request it
  B. most nights
  C. every night  答案B
  解析:本题由于B和C选项极其相似,所以这种情况下我们可以直接排除另外一个答案即A。B和C的区别在于most和every,所以考生可以这两个词为关键词,非常有针对性的听录音。Entertainment is laid on nearly every night. 我们发现因为有nearly这个小的细节,所以选B。Nearly这种细节也会作为考点设置在填空题中,一般配合数字让考生痛不欲生。类似的还有over/about/approximately等,如果考生只写了数字没有加这里的小细节,那么就如这道题选了C一样成为错误答案,差之毫厘,谬以千里。

adv.通常地,普遍地,当前
  • Currently it is not possible to reconcile this conflicting evidence.当前还未有可能去解释这一矛盾的例证。
  • Our contracts are currently under review.我们的合同正在复查。
vi.(for/to)满足,迎合;(for)提供饮食及服务
  • I expect he will be able to cater for your particular needs.我预计他能满足你的特殊需要。
  • Most schools cater for children of different abilities.大多数学校能够满足具有不同天资的儿童的需要。
n.适合,适当,健康,健身
  • They're doing exercises to improve their fitness.他们为增强体质而做体操。
  • No one questions her fitness for the job.没人怀疑她能胜任这项工作。
n. 给养
  • Most of our work now involves catering for weddings. 我们现在的工作多半是承办婚宴。
  • Who did the catering for your son's wedding? 你儿子的婚宴是由谁承办的?
标签: 雅思听力
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5-thio-D-glucopyranose
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rub along together
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stress concentration factor
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university of illinois
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Wietmarschen
with the advance of
xliii
zidlicky