时间:2019-02-06 作者:英语课 分类:英语笔译


英语课

 一、习语成语和词汇中的误区


习语成语中的误区
英语中有丰富的习语成语,增强了语言表达能力。其中大部分可以直译,或用汉语中相应的习语套用。例如:the open door policy开放政策,the cold war 冷战,to fish in troubled waters 混水摸鱼,strike while the iron is hot 趁热打铁,at sixes and sevens 乱七八糟。但是还有一些习语成语必须意译才能表达出其正确含义。
She was born with a siver spoon in her mouth. 
她出生在富贵之家。
You''re talking through your head again. 
你又在胡说八道了。
You should keep your nose out of here.
你别管闲事。
Good to begin well, better to end well.
要善始善终。
词汇翻译中的误区
有些词汇在某些场合下具有了新义,如果直译就会曲解原意。所以,要根据语言环境确定具体词义。英语中词义发展变化十分常见。
He is the last person for such a job. 
他最不配干这件事。
Every life has its roses and thorns. 
人生有苦有甜。
The wedding, which Heyward still remembered with pride,was attended by a who''s who of Boston Society. 
赫华德仍然记得,参加婚礼人中有一位波士顿的社会名流,这让他感到十分得意。
二、长句直译误区
在较长英语句子中存在着比较复杂的关系,很难按原则顺序用一句汉语表达出来,这就要根据英文句子特点和内在联系进行意译,不能的直译长句主要有三种处理方法。
1.根据句子内在逻辑关系和汉语表达习惯进行翻译。例如:
The differences are that the dwellers 1 of the new caves would see more greenery, under ecologically healthier conditions, than dwellers of surface cities do today. 
同今天地面城市的居民相比,新洞穴居民如果在比较健康生态环境中生活,会有更多机会见到青枝绿叶。
这个句子并不复杂,但不好译。这个句子有三层关系,比较、条件和结果,按这种逻辑关系翻译就十分省事。
2.有些长句需要直译与意译结合,顺译与递译结合,需要综合处理。
But a broader and more generous, certainly more philosophical 2 view is held by those scientists who claim that the evidence of a war instinct in men is incomplete and misleading , and that man does have within him the power of abolishing war. 
有些科学家观点更开阔,更富有普遍性和哲理性。他们指出,有关人类战争本能的证据尚不完全,而且容易引起误解,事实上,人类自身具有消除战争能力。
这个句子主句部分可以意译,从句部分可直译。
It was that population that gave to California a name for getting up astonishing enterprises and rushing them through with a magnificent dash and daring and a recklessness of cost or consequences.
那里人们富于大无畏开创精神,建立了庞大的企业,敢冒风险,势如破竹,一干到底,不顾及成本,因此为加利福尼亚赢得了声誉。
这个句子虽长,结构不复杂,如果进行直译,其译文将十分逊色,如果进行综合处理,译文将有声有色地传达原文神韵。
3.由于有些句型不同于汉语思维方式,常常需要进行倒译。
Textile finishes have in general become a "no-no" in today''s market place,thanks to many reasons, says a representative of fiber 3 producer.
一位纤维厂家的代表说,由于许多原因,纺织物整理剂在如今的市场上已经到了无人问津的地步。

n.居民,居住者( dweller的名词复数 )
  • City dwellers think country folk have provincial attitudes. 城里人以为乡下人思想迂腐。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • They have transformed themselves into permanent city dwellers. 他们已成为永久的城市居民。 来自《简明英汉词典》
adj.哲学家的,哲学上的,达观的
  • The teacher couldn't answer the philosophical problem.老师不能解答这个哲学问题。
  • She is very philosophical about her bad luck.她对自己的不幸看得很开。
n.纤维,纤维质
  • The basic structural unit of yarn is the fiber.纤维是纱的基本结构单元。
  • The material must be free of fiber clumps.这种材料必须无纤维块。
标签: 直译
学英语单词
aesthetic style
airtc
Alexander Pushkin
all over the shop
Alphabetic sort
altisonant
amateur station
barmby
bathyorographical
bicomplex
bituminous flax cord
bovine viral diarrheamucosal disease
braball
brake drum
Camassia quamash
canape
cisborder
Civitella, Mte.
clerklike
coordinate survey
crime of disturbing the economic order
degree of longitude
derrick arrangement
direct sampling
Drogelon
dry powder inhaler
enriched chamber
epilaksholic acid
erastianisms
experimental organic chemistry
female joint
game show
gas counter
Gizdavac
Gjellerup, Karl Adolph
global communication
handbagless
high-density bipolar coding
hollow discharge
horse chestnuts
HSCB (high speed circuit breaker)
hypodermoclysis
inbuilding
infrared absorption coefficient
inner twist
intermediate yield
international negotiation
intersection punching
isopropanol urea dewaxing process
italian clovers
knock-down path
l-dodecanol
leakhunting
leisurists
lineal transaction
listen before talk (lbt)
littermate
manual read
maxmun field capacity
moulding material
neurovarinola
Norrent-Fontes
oldlace
oppilated
over-estimated
pachychoroidopathy
phase-locked frequency discriminator
piratings
pork luncheon meat
post macro
power of cardinal number
premenstrual
PRO-HG Duo
prompt nuclear(reaction)analysis
propeller shaft pinion flange
Putler
quasilinear operator
radiocinematographic
rail specification
railroad worms
reliever relay
remote operation cylinder
ringworks
secondary contact
selective absorbent
Shugnans
shunt safety component
solar absorption refrigerating machine
somehow or other
spersed
steam-jet compression
studewood
suction lift of pump
superheated area
tiago
tourism-based
trabectedin
utriculus masculinus
Vaben
variationally
wheat yellow earrot
wight, isle of