时间:2019-02-06 作者:英语课 分类:美国习惯用语


英语课

我们今天要讲的两个习惯用语都来自美国的一种赌博游戏,craps,掷骰子赌输赢。玩儿craps就用两颗是正方体的普通骰子。骰子的每一面上分别刻有一到六的不同点子。掷骰子的人如果第一把掷出的点数是七或者十一,就赢得全部赌注,但要是第一把掷出的点数是二、三或者十二,那就输。


要是你第一把掷出的点数是从四到十,你就得再掷骰子,但是你得掷出同样的点数才能赢。你可以一而再、再而三地掷骰子,但是如果掷出的点数是七,那你就输了;不能继续掷骰子了。


从这样的规则可见玩儿craps输赢多半靠运气而不像某些扑克游戏那样得运用头脑跟对手斗智。这就产生了我们要学的第一个习惯用法:crapshoot。 掷骰子叫做shoot craps, 所以crapshoot原来的意思就是掷骰子赌博。刚才说过玩儿这个不必多费心思,主要是碰运气,也必然得承担结果难以逆料的风险。


人们习惯用crapshoot比喻某种生意。我们来听个例子。说话的人正在逛街,他走过的地段到处都是东方餐馆,有中国的、越南的、韩国的,也有泰国餐馆。好,我们来听听他怎么说:


例句-1:Look, there's a new Thai cafe 1 open. I'm afraid it's a real crapshoot -- it's got three others close by. But if the food is good enough, the owner might get lucky and win his gamble 2.


他看到那儿又新开了家泰国餐馆,而附近已经有了三家,可想而知竞争必然相当激烈。新餐馆的前景难以预料,只有在他们的食品相当出色的情况下,店主的生意才会幸运地赢得成功。


在已经有好多竞争对手的地段再开一家同类餐馆,这种你争我夺的生意可不好做。这家店的经营前程未卜、风险实在很大,可见这儿的crapshoot意思就是风险大、前途难以预料的生意。


******


有人说做股票买卖除非是精于此道,否则正象危险的赌博,所以股票生意也可以称为 crapshoot。在下面的例子里这人正在犹豫不决,不知该不该买股票。我们来听听他是不是太胆怯了:


例句-2:Should I buy more stocks 3? With the market so high I'm sure tempted 4. But I'm afraid it would be a crapshoot. It's so high now, I'm scared it might take a big drop almost any time.


他说:我该不该再买些股票呢?看到股票价格这样上升我确实心动,但是又怕股票生意风险太大,目前价格这样高,我怕随时都有暴跌的可能。


这里的crapshoot就用来指风险很大的股票生意。


******


大家一定记得我们刚才说过要是你玩儿craps,掷骰子的点数是二、三或者十二,那你就输了;要是你的点数是除七以外的从四到十,你可以再掷。必须掷出同样的点数才能赢,但如果掷出七就输。


玩儿craps的人把这叫做: crap out。 习惯用语crap out可以有几种不同意思。首先当然可以解释为“失败。” 这个意思直接来自craps赌博。


我们下面听个例子,里面的crap out有不同的解释。这段话说的是三个朋友合股买一家鞋店的事儿:


例句-3: It looked like a great deal. But one friend, Joe, got scared and crapped out on us at the last moment. And my friend Bob and I didn't have enough money to buy the store without him.


他说:这看来是个好买卖,但是其中一个朋友Joe由于害怕而在最后关头打退堂鼓不跟我们合伙了。我朋友Bob和我两人少了他又没有足够的钱买下这家店。


看来他们的这笔交易告吹是由于Joe反悔当初的协议退出不干,所以这里的crap out意思是“退出交易”或者“没遵守诺言。”


******


近来crap out又有了一种新的意思,跟刚才两种解释相比要令人愉快得多。我们听个例子来揣摩它的意思吧。说话的人是个刚考完一场大考的学生。他觉得自己考得比预期的要好得多。我们来听听他打算做什么:


例句-4:Hey, I did great on that math exam. So I'm going to crap out tonight and take it easy instead of studying English -- I think I've earned a little time off for myself.


他说:嗨,我数学考得真棒,所以我今晚不打算学英文了,得轻松一下。我觉得我已经为自己换来了松口气的机会。


他数学考得很好,想必是考试前的发愤用功有了成果,于是他决定劳逸结合,今晚不学英语休息一下,可见这里的crap out意思就是闲散一下、松口气。

 



n.小餐馆;咖啡厅
  • I always go to the cafe to have a rest.我经常去那家咖啡馆休息。
  • Is there a cafe near by?请问附近有没有咖啡店?
n.冒险;v.赌博,孤注一掷
  • Setting up this business was a bit of a gamble.开办这样的公司有点冒险。
  • Drive carefully and don't gamble with your life.小心驾驶,别拿你的生命冒险。
n.(树木等的)干( stock的名词复数 );公债;家系;家族
  • The manager wants to clear off the old stocks in the warehouse. 经理想把仓库里积压的存货处理掉。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • They want to unload the stocks on the market. 他们想把股票在市场上抛售掉。 来自《简明英汉词典》
v.怂恿(某人)干不正当的事;冒…的险(tempt的过去分词)
  • I was sorely tempted to complain, but I didn't. 我极想发牢骚,但还是没开口。
  • I was tempted by the dessert menu. 甜食菜单馋得我垂涎欲滴。
学英语单词
Actinidia arguta Planch.
aloneness
ambiguous statement
amphibianlike
ann-thennaths
anthraconecrosis
aperiodic current
applied engineering science
bacteriological laboratory
Belebeyevskiy Rayon
bicubic spline function
borobutane
candida lusitaniae
Certified Netware Instructor
Childeric III
condenser excitation
conformabilities
corral(of animal)
crude oil washing procedure
deaminization
deremer
diphenylarsine
dynamic collection control
ebulliometer
embryologies
European birch
ezetimibe
fat-rich
ferulenol
flabelliform marginal hair
full-wave theory
gastro-intestinals
glider gun
home electric refrigerator
hopped out
impact compression
indo-australian
insurrective
interval relaxation method
involution of a ring
Johannes Brahms
joseph of arimathaea
kalahari deserts
kaolishan formation
magma type
manganese deficiency in soybean be changed
marine bioactive substances
mental effort
minitype voltage regulator diode
monoprotamine
Neogene System
noise supperssion control
on the scent
one and another
ore-body
parallel arc weld
periclinal
phase change materials
photoactivable
plus phase
pneumatic recorder
polar microtubule
ramp rate
red drum
relubricate
repairing procedure
ring road
salt annealing
sea harbor
secular perturbations
semi-mounted 9-row grain drill
set tester
shape factor of cross-section
sing in adoration of
slakeless
sound level test
spatterwork
specific gravity cell
sphyraenidaes
stable integration
stalk cutter
stereotyping
strange phenomena
super grinder
sync signal re-insertion
telecommunication working group
text fonts
thrust balancing piston
traumatic cicatricial contracture of mouth
triisobutyltin bromide
unanimated
ungual paraplasia
unused balance of letter of credit
vaumigan
Verdigre
vertical obstacle sonar
Vila Franca de Xira
wastie
weighing bottles
white bole (kaolin)
Yungay
Zeytun