时间:2019-02-06 作者:英语课 分类:英文语法词汇


英语课


  中国人把那些“抢购商品的顾客”和“热心赌徒”叫做托儿,买鞋会遇上“鞋托儿”,买房会见到“房托儿”,甚至连看病都会碰到“医托儿”。而关于“托儿”的译法却五花八门,例如fake customer,decoy,cheat等,其实英语里专有一个对应的词来称呼这类“雇佣骗子”——shill。


  大约在1916年,shill首次出现在英语中。到了上世纪70年代,shill开始为人们广泛使用。在西方,狡猾的shill是马戏团或狂欢节的“固定曲目”,这类活动常常会找一些事先串通好的“观众”上台来配合表演者或玩游戏,从而瞒天过海,创造神奇。


  根据《全美俚语大全》的描述,shill可能是同义词shillaber的缩写,后者表示“赌摊等诱人入壳的假顾客,同伙”,现在已很少见。Shillaber可能出自Shillibeer一词,Shillibeer是19世纪英国一家大公共汽车公司的老板的名字。因为该公司曾雇佣一些无所事事的人坐在车上,以此来招徕乘客上他们的车,所以shillibeer就有了“车托儿”的含义。


  此外,shill可以与很多单词组合,表示更丰富的意义。例如,拍卖会上屡屡举牌哄抬价格的人叫做shill bidder(拍托儿);受雇在网上为某公司的产品或网址发帖子的人叫shill poster;奉命为新上映的电影写吹捧影评的“刀手”叫做studio shill;鼓动病人买某种药品的人叫drug shill(药托儿)等等。 



学英语单词
a no-win situation
actuator lever
aldonic acid
antisurvival
barthwick
brake link
breakle
breme
capped 5'-ends
Cargill
central dogma of molecular biology
charismatic domination
china cupboard
clandestinely
columbiferous
columnae rugarum vaginae
communication speed
contact condensation
cross me
danza de donzellas (portugal)
detail spectifications
detonating wave
duo-tread tyre
East Brunswick
electronicky
extension subscriber
fast busy
firing equipment
flanged cup
forbiddings
free combat
Fuel expenses
Fungalex
Genarp
genus Amphisbaenia
glimmer ice
globe valves
haute bourgeoisie
hewke
holmarna
Holy Rood Day
hoplostethus melanopus
hybrid computing system
hyperabelian group
improperate
index of elliptic operator
infra-black region (blacker than black region)
interleaved bipolar code
invariant domain
Job's post
Karlivka
lever-type brush-holder
liquid waste incinerator
markevitch
melodramatize
mode matching lens
multi-sourcing
nergals
non-radiation decay
ogival section
ovarian colic
pasania taitoensis
pasture ecosystem
phone us
plain headed
pluripotentiality
preinspection
preliminary plan
proboscidians
purchase mission
quasi-official bribery
reaction of replacement
rejuvenator
relative response factor
relivers
roofingtile
rorippa indica(l.)hiern
samoa
savesegment
Secretary of States
shelterings
similar-fact evidence
soft packing seal
solar-energy evaporator
Spartanize
stoker fired grate
synthetic isotope
Teabagistan
terrif
thiodicarb
TL (transmission line)
tomodensitometry
transmission assembly
trimethyl carbinol
turpentine camphor weeds
type-aheaded buffer
UKP
viking-styles
wage level
walloping
work factor test
Zwischenahner Meer