时间:2019-02-06 作者:英语课 分类:英文语法词汇


英语课


  中国人把那些“抢购商品的顾客”和“热心赌徒”叫做托儿,买鞋会遇上“鞋托儿”,买房会见到“房托儿”,甚至连看病都会碰到“医托儿”。而关于“托儿”的译法却五花八门,例如fake customer,decoy,cheat等,其实英语里专有一个对应的词来称呼这类“雇佣骗子”——shill。


  大约在1916年,shill首次出现在英语中。到了上世纪70年代,shill开始为人们广泛使用。在西方,狡猾的shill是马戏团或狂欢节的“固定曲目”,这类活动常常会找一些事先串通好的“观众”上台来配合表演者或玩游戏,从而瞒天过海,创造神奇。


  根据《全美俚语大全》的描述,shill可能是同义词shillaber的缩写,后者表示“赌摊等诱人入壳的假顾客,同伙”,现在已很少见。Shillaber可能出自Shillibeer一词,Shillibeer是19世纪英国一家大公共汽车公司的老板的名字。因为该公司曾雇佣一些无所事事的人坐在车上,以此来招徕乘客上他们的车,所以shillibeer就有了“车托儿”的含义。


  此外,shill可以与很多单词组合,表示更丰富的意义。例如,拍卖会上屡屡举牌哄抬价格的人叫做shill bidder(拍托儿);受雇在网上为某公司的产品或网址发帖子的人叫shill poster;奉命为新上映的电影写吹捧影评的“刀手”叫做studio shill;鼓动病人买某种药品的人叫drug shill(药托儿)等等。 



学英语单词
achromatism
alloheteroploid
analog digital real time computer
antipsychotic agents
barkery
belted plaid
company employee
company representative
compulsory military service
conical bottom
consumer sovereighty
crispheads
crossed-spring balance
crystal detector
Custer State Park
del mar
detention home
dibenzyl sulfone
difference in floor lever of sieve tray
ditch-water
Dixon ring
dual-polarization
economic determinants of fertility
elective dictatorship
emergency man
Encephalitozoon rabiei
enriqueta
export freight
extemporist
fire-protection distance
flicker out
fulcrum post
functional digraph
gennet
gentleman of leisure
guanamine
health infrastructure
helium-mercury direct nuclear laser
hibiscus cannabinuss
highs and lows
histocompatibility antigen
hourglass cell
Hulsonniaux
immediate indebtedness
Kato Olympos
kleptocratic
large white
lithium muscovite
machine-learning
management thoughts
marital problem
membrane biophysics
metalophulids
Mull of Kintyre rule
multicompetent
Mātikāta
NHSCR
Nkayi(Nkai)
organizacao
outside crank
pet names
pezoporus wallicus
phagopeidin
pitchcocking
plumber's box
poxing
prionoceratid
probe index
pure breed
pushing of the receiver
pwoc
rivermouth
Rokkō-san
roller bearing end cap
sample feed pump
smush
soil processing
standard deflection
standard labo(u)r cost
steady-state distillation
stock adjustment model
straight-sell copy
structural laminate
stubbed shoulder
sulf-30
ta lun wu
temperature-pressure tank
thermal expansion relay
throw one's eye up
tilted water table
topic group
true color fidelity
tussock tundra
two-beam instability
unistars
Unjeong
upright bucket type steam trap
vibrating decorer
Wadan
war.
wreck chart
zildes