时间:2019-02-04 作者:英语课 分类:美国习惯用语


英语课

  学一种外语难上加难的地方可能得数习惯用语了,因为即使一个习惯用语里的每一个词你都知道得一清二楚,但是你还是会茫然不知这个习惯用语究竟是什么意思。 我们来听个相当说明问题的例子。这段话来自杂志上的一篇文章,描述人们怎样面对持械抢劫的暴徒:

例句-1:When the chips are down these people didn't turn tail and knuckle 1 under. Instead, when the fat was in the fire, they stepped up to the plate and cut the mustard.

他在说些什么呀? 这短短的几句话也许会把许多学了不少年英文的人弄得晕头转向,原因是仅仅两句话里习惯用语却有六个之多。我们今天要学的第一个习惯用语是:when the chips are down。 Chip是赌博时用来代替钱计算输赢的筹码。 When the chips are down来自打扑克。打牌的人把筹码放到赌台上。这是表示他们为这场输赢押上了多少钱的赌注,紧接下来他们就得翻牌看谁胜谁负。

所以筹码 放到赌台上下注的时候显然是个关键时刻。当然when the chips are down这个习惯用语很快被转用到赌博以外的各方各面。我们听个例子来体会它的含义。这段话在说高尔夫球大将Tiger Wood参加的一次竞争激烈的比赛。特别注意其中的习惯用语the chips are down:

例句-2:After five days of play three players were tied at the last hole. The chips were down and Tiger had to sink a very long putt to win the tournament.

他说:经过五天的比赛三名选手在最后一穴不分胜负。这是到了决一雌雄的关键时刻了;Tiger必须远距离击球入穴才能赢得这次比赛。

在这段话里的三名选手在最后一穴打成平局。最后一球显然是决定胜负的关键,所以习惯用语the chips were down意思就是在决定性的关键时刻。

******

刚才那篇杂志文章里用到的第二个习惯用语是:turn tail。 这个习惯用语已经年代久远了。它的出典是一只受惊的动物转过身子逃之夭夭,当然这时候你看到的只是它的尾巴。这个形象生动的说法很快被转用来说人。我们听个例子。说话的人要告诉我们他和弟有一次走出麦当劳快餐时发生的事情:

例句-3:We saw this rough-looking guy bending over the window of our car trying to break in. We yelled at him; he looked around, then turned tail and ran away as fast as he could.

他说:我们看到个模样粗野的人弯身伏在我们的车窗上,试图撬锁进车。于是我们向他大声喊叫。他回头一看,转身就飞快地溜跑了。

这里的turned tail生动地表现了掉过头来溜之大吉的场面。

******

今天要学的第三个习惯用语是: knuckle under. Knuckle原来指手指关节。 根据古代的风俗,认输投降的人得下跪,并双手下垂,手指关节触碰地面,这就是knuckle under这个习惯用语的出典。注意这里的knuckle用作动词。我们来听个例子。说话的人在抱怨他的领导老是把那些棘手的活儿都堆在他的身上,却从没想到给他晋升的机会。我们听他怎么说,特别注意里面的习惯用语knuckle under:

例句-4:But I'm not going to knuckle under to this guy any more. I'm going in and tell him how bad he's treated me, yell I quit, then walk out and slam the door on him.

他说:我再也不能对那人忍气吞声了,我打算走进他的办公室大声告诉他:你对待我实在太不象话!我不干了!然后转身就走,并且冲着他把门重重关上。

这里的knuckle under意思是逆来顺受,注意对某人逆来顺受或者忍气吞声的英文是knuckle under to somebody。我们已经学了杂志上那段话里头三个习惯用语。我们再听听看:

例句-5:When the chips were down, these people didn't turn tail and knuckle under.

这话是说:在这紧急关头,这些人既不退却也没屈服。



n.指节;vi.开始努力工作;屈服,认输
  • They refused to knuckle under to any pressure.他们拒不屈从任何压力。
  • You'll really have to knuckle down if you want to pass the examination.如果想通过考试,你确实应专心学习。
学英语单词
11-OCS
aa. metatarse? plantares
AAALAC
adsorption refining
Agathis robusta
aged packet
aromatic-base crude oil
auxiliary airfoil
avertence
be as good as ... word
bipectinate gill
bound task set
bring ruin upon oneself
calcifames
character insert
character-
chemolithotrophic bacteria
clannad
cleolum
close the border
clusterous
co-dependency
cullies
cut round
double distribution
dry-steam energy system
dulcitude
duty paragraph
electrically operated flying shears
endurance race
erysipelas of auricle
exasperatingly
extrovertedness
f (farad)
Firozabad
fruit tree biology
gaius petroniuss
gastrochaena cymbium
Giancarlo
give control over
glaucosis
godly
golf balls
grip safety
helwig
indirect access
information asset
intellectual leadership
interface vehicle
jump through a hoop
juniper station
kindergarten training school
laterally intermittent illuminant
leavell
Ling, River
lusted
macrocyclic polyether
melteigite
Minuf
native interest
non-shedding
nonwandering
normal control field
noteworthier
parametric function
Pingdong County
place oneself upon record
plan form of wing
poplar borer
power-off stall
Priaxim
primordium of parathyroid gland
processor chassis assembly
propelargonidin
PS (proof stress)
pseudoacini
ravenously
raysen
reappraiser
reduced wave number zone
rhizogenetic
ROI-9915
round former
saint-germain
Saskatchewan R.
shebkas
slotted tapping screw
small-to
State Road
storage-type camera tube
stroke hole
Su-11
Sugd.
sulfamoprine
superable
text people
Vangroovy
Vidal's treatment
weed control equipment
wine-red
wood purolysis
workshop for plumbing