时间:2019-02-03 作者:英语课 分类:VOA标准英语2008年(三月)


英语课
By Naomi Schwarz
Dakar
10 March 2008

With more than three months remaining in the peak meningitis season, outbreaks in Burkina Faso and Central African Republic have already taken hundreds of lives. But the World Health Organization says a new, low-cost, long-lasting vaccine 1, possibly available as soon as next year, could help prevent future outbreaks. Naomi Schwarz has more from VOA's West Africa bureau in Dakar.


Thousands of cases of meningitis have been reported in countries across the so-called meningitis belt since the beginning of 2008.


The belt is a band of countries in Africa stretching from Senegal to Ethiopia. More than two-thirds of the world's cases of the often-deadly disease occur here.


This year, in Burkina Faso alone, more than 350 people have died from the disease, which attacks the lining 2 around the brain and spinal 3 cord. Even with treatment, as many as 10 percent of meningitis patients die.


Most meningitis cases occur in the region's driest months, between January and June.


The WHO, along with governments in the region and other international health organizations, has vaccinated 5 hundreds of thousands of people in the hardest hit areas.


But World Health Organization meningitis expert, Alexandro Costa, says the current vaccines 6 have serious limitations in fighting meningitis.


"The immunity 7 is just for two years. So for that reason, the vaccine is just for reactive vaccinations 8, to control the outbreak, but it is not to immunize people for a long time," said Costa.


The current vaccines also do not protect very young children.


The WHO has developed a new vaccine they hope they can use to prevent outbreaks before they start.


"The new conjugate 9 vaccine will give immunity for at least ten years, with the data that we have so far. It means that we can immunize people and also people [who are] not receiving the vaccine, will receive a benefit from the others, because we can interrupt the transmission of the meningococcal bacteria," added Costa.


The vaccine will target one particular strain of meningitis, called serotype A. Costa says this strain is responsible for nearly all the meningitis cases in Africa.


He says WHO hopes to use the new vaccine, which will only cost about 40 cents each, to vaccinate 4 entire populations.


"We expect to eliminate the meningitis serotype A with the new vaccine," continued Costa.


The company that developed the new vaccine along with the WHO aim to begin distributing the vaccine by early next year.




n.牛痘苗,疫苗;adj.牛痘的,疫苗的
  • The polio vaccine has saved millions of lives.脊髓灰质炎疫苗挽救了数以百万计的生命。
  • She takes a vaccine against influenza every fall.她每年秋季接种流感疫苗。
n.衬里,衬料
  • The lining of my coat is torn.我的外套衬里破了。
  • Moss makes an attractive lining to wire baskets.用苔藓垫在铁丝篮里很漂亮。
adj.针的,尖刺的,尖刺状突起的;adj.脊骨的,脊髓的
  • After three days in Japan,the spinal column becomes extraordinarily flexible.在日本三天,就已经使脊椎骨变得富有弹性了。
  • Your spinal column is made up of 24 movable vertebrae.你的脊柱由24个活动的脊椎骨构成。
vt.给…接种疫苗;种牛痘
  • Local health officials then can plan the best times to vaccinate people.这样,当地的卫生官员就可以安排最佳时间给人们接种疫苗。
  • Doctors vaccinate us so that we do not catch smallpox.医生给我们打预防针使我们不会得天花。
[医]已接种的,种痘的,接种过疫菌的
  • I was vaccinated against tetanus. 我接种了破伤风疫苗。
  • Were you vaccinated against smallpox as a child? 你小时候打过天花疫苗吗?
疫苗,痘苗( vaccine的名词复数 )
  • His team are at the forefront of scientific research into vaccines. 他的小组处于疫苗科研的最前沿。
  • The vaccines were kept cool in refrigerators. 疫苗放在冰箱中冷藏。
n.优惠;免除;豁免,豁免权
  • The law gives public schools immunity from taxation.法律免除公立学校的纳税义务。
  • He claims diplomatic immunity to avoid being arrested.他要求外交豁免以便避免被捕。
n.种痘,接种( vaccination的名词复数 );牛痘疤
  • Vaccinations ensure one against diseases. 接种疫苗可以预防疾病。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • I read some publicity about vaccinations while waiting my turn at the doctor's. 在医生那儿候诊时,我读了一些关于接种疫苗的宣传。 来自《简明英汉词典》
vt.使成对,使结合;adj.共轭的,成对的
  • A partition that is its own conjugate is ealled self-conjugate.一个分析如与其自身共轭称为自共轭。
  • It is important to learn to conjugate irregular verbs.学会不规则动词的变化是相当重要的。
学英语单词
adjournment of trial
Ajaccio
anterior external arcuate fibers
apsoes
ashleys
asphalt finisher
audio coupler
autogenic soldering
basidial stage
Baxter.
besy
bore with
bowieas
calciphobic
camels
casella
coleosporium plectranthi
collision avoidance system
commercial company partnership
debatably
detracting from
dielectric conductance
digitalized data
dining
direct experiment
end patch
Ephedra sinica
equilibrium vaporization curve
facies articularis malleoli
fairy-slipper
ferric sesquibromide
finishing groove
flosequinan
forted
fu-organ syndrome
full automatic switching network
gale urgent warning
garfinkle
gave them the slip
genus Algeripithecus
goods in process inventory account
hazee
headsmen
highrented
hydraulic binding agent
hydrogen seal
hydroxybenzylphosphinic acid
immunosuppressants
issue priority designator
kerato-angioma
kerb form
kumaras
labyrinth oil seal
lacovara
lahores
leptoria phrygia
liquefaction of gases
macrodocument
maximum climbable gradient
mccarry
misonidazole
multiple scattering effect
nevadite
newspaperly
note to order
one-step processing by combination of developing and fixing
Paul Anka
pericrocotus divaricatus divaricatus
perineuria
piece rate wage plan
pinhold
Plougrescant
porphyra suborbiculata kjellm
proton motive force
pterocaesio chrysozona
pull out board
rag-and-bones
response-to-intervention
reunion (la reunion)
rock mechanics
rose-marie
rudder control unit
silico-acetylene
spark plug wire
strigiformess
superledge
supermode competition
sweere
tewell
tighthead
tilelike
to the end of the chapter
Tībē
ultracentrifugally
Ust'-Khakchan
value at cost
vampires
verbal treatment
viburmitol
wetted length
with a bad grace
wolfiporia cocos