时间:2019-01-17 作者:英语课 分类:2017年NPR美国国家公共电台5月


英语课

 


SCOTT SIMON, HOST:


Three-D printers are being used these days to make all kinds of things - jewelry 1, artwork, or even guns. Now, scientists have used a 3-D printer to create a functioning mouse ovary. Yes. NPR's Rob Stein explains.


ROB STEIN, BYLINE 2: So you're probably thinking, why in the world would anyone want to use a 3-D printer to print an ovary? Well, Teresa Woodruff at Northwestern University says, there's a really good reason.


TERESA WOODRUFF: My work has been on trying to preserve and restore fertility to young cancer patients who will survive their cancer treatment. But oftentimes, that same life-preserving treatment can be fertility threatening.


STEIN: The chemotherapy that saves their lives destroys their ovaries, leaving them infertile 3. So Woodruff decided 4 to see if she could use a 3-D printer to help them.


WOODRUFF: It's just like the 3-D printers people even have in their homes, but the ink in this case is a biological ink. It's called gelatin.


STEIN: Which is a naturally occurring substance that helps form the skeletons of organs. The 3-D printer squirts out the gelatin ink in very precise patterns, one layer on top of another, to create a complex three-dimensional structure.


WOODRUFF: And so we are able to use 3-D printing to actually lay down a scaffold that was copying what we knew the scaffold looked like of the normal ovary.


STEIN: It's about the size of an eraser at the end of a pencil. Next, they put tissue known as follicles inside the scaffolds. Follicles contain eggs and are surrounded by cells that pump out hormones 5 necessary for reproduction. Woodruff calls it a bio prosthetic.


WOODRUFF: And the bio prosthetic was then transplanted into a mouse that had been sterilized 6. And now, that tissue could produce the hormones, estrogens and progesterones. And when we mated that animal, the follicles were functional 7. They ovulated, released an egg, and we had live, healthy offspring.


STEIN: In the journal Nature Communications, the researchers report that 3 out of 7 mice that got these printed ovaries had healthy pups.


WOODRUFF: Well, our goal is to be able to develop these ovarian bio prosthetics for our cancer patients who have lost ovarian function.


STEIN: By removing some of their follicles before they get treated, putting them into bigger ovary scaffolds printed on 3-D printers, and then transplanting them into women when they're done with their chemo.


WOODRUFF: I think that it's really the holy grail of bioengineering for regenerative medicine.


STEIN: Other experts agree.


KUTLUK OKTAY: I found this paper very exciting.


STEIN: Kutluk Oktay specializes in this kind of research at New York Medical College. He says, a lot more research is needed to know whether this sort of thing could work in humans, but he's optimistic.


OKTAY: I think it does open a new avenue in the area of reproductive biology and fertility.


STEIN: Woodruff has already started trying to create human ovaries this way and hopes to start testing a 3-D printed human ovary within a couple of years. Rob Stein, NPR News.



n.(jewllery)(总称)珠宝
  • The burglars walked off with all my jewelry.夜盗偷走了我的全部珠宝。
  • Jewelry and lace are mostly feminine belongings.珠宝和花边多数是女性用品。
n.署名;v.署名
  • His byline was absent as well.他的署名也不见了。
  • We wish to thank the author of this article which carries no byline.我们要感谢这篇文章的那位没有署名的作者。
adj.不孕的;不肥沃的,贫瘠的
  • Plants can't grow well in the infertile land.在贫瘠的土地上庄稼长不好。
  • Nobody is willing to till this infertile land.这块薄田没有人愿意耕种。
adj.决定了的,坚决的;明显的,明确的
  • This gave them a decided advantage over their opponents.这使他们比对手具有明显的优势。
  • There is a decided difference between British and Chinese way of greeting.英国人和中国人打招呼的方式有很明显的区别。
v.消毒( sterilize的过去式和过去分词 );使无菌;使失去生育能力;使绝育
  • My wife was sterilized after the birth of her fourth child. 我妻子生完第4个孩子后做了绝育手术。 来自辞典例句
  • All surgical instruments must be sterilized before use. 所有的外科手术器械在使用之前,必须消毒。 来自辞典例句
adj.为实用而设计的,具备功能的,起作用的
  • The telephone was out of order,but is functional now.电话刚才坏了,但现在可以用了。
  • The furniture is not fancy,just functional.这些家具不是摆着好看的,只是为了实用。
学英语单词
air operating mechanism
arcing-time
atranos (ad?rnaz)cayi
biological method for oxygen removal
Bombeador, Pta.
boron-doping
Boudjouma
brake control
Bramantino
building occupation permit
bunched electron beam
camrip
cefalotine
central field of vision
chaloupka
check-swings
chloraminophenamide
complanate
demography of economy
detachment of ciliary body
directed dynamic pressure
doglessly
Duvoid
economically active population
envokes
escape bottom jewel
executive stack pointer
expenditure method
feel mean
ferritization
fi-lb
fortyeightmo
GM3
GM_here-and-there
gravimeter damping equipment
guinier
hackley
Hainan Strait
Hyon-dong
isolation of vibration
job time report
K. L. T.
listen-in
local automatically operated unit
lower acceptance value
lung-busting
Mamauk
Menoponidae
microdrops
mid-ethmoid
Ndogo, Rembo
Nieuwolda
observation reduction
oestridge
oldstyles
palm wax
perihaemal
peroxyuranate
petroleum benzine
photoreversions
plumeria
polyaminoacids
pontificated
popstresses
Portland Mills
production tests
radio teletype writer
re-expression
rid someone of
RR forging
Sagiz
sensory neuropathy
service pressure rating
service-intensive
shipping memorandum
skylab (sky laboratory satellite)
sodium chromium sulfide
spithelial
St George, C.
ST_controlling_controlling-and-being-in-charge
stankus
stereovectorelectrocardiogram(stereovector-cadiogram)
stigmatoscope
still liquor
stlv
succession pattern
super-boxes
supernodical
taquiles
tataow
Thalmonal
theoretical numerical aperture
thioredoxin reductase
thread pool
tobramycin
traffic noise evaluation
trys
turtle lung
union algorithm
vermiparous
washout repair of steam locomotives
Zewail