新概念英语第四册Lesson 47 The great escape
时间：2018-11-27 作者：英语课 分类：新概念英语第四册
Lesson 47
The great escape
大逃亡
First listen and then answer the following quesion.
听录音，然后回答以下问题。
What is one of the features of modern camping where nationality is concerned?
Economy is one powerful motive 1 for camping, since after the initial outlay 2 upon equipment, or through hiring it, the total expense can be far less than the cost of hotels. But, contrary to a popular assumption, it is far from being the only one, or even the greatest. The man who manoeuvres carelessly into his twenty pounds' worth of space at one of Europe's myriad 4 permanent sites may find himself bumping a Bentley. More likely, Ford 5 Escort will be hub to hub with Renault or Mercedes, but rarely with bicycles made for two.
That the equipment of modern camping becomes yearly more sophisticated is an entertaining paradox 6 for the cynic, a brighter promise for the hopeful traveler who has sworn to get away from it all. It also provides-and some student sociologist 7 might care to base his thesis upon the phenomenon -- an escape of another kind. The modern traveller is often a man who dislikes the Splendide and the Bellavista, not because he cannot afford, or shuns 9 their material comforts. but because he is afford of them. Affluent 10 he may be, but he is by no means sure what to tip the doorman or the chambermaid. Master in his own house, he has little idea of when to say boo to a maitre d'hotel.
From all such fears camping releases him. Granted, a snobbery 11 of camping itself, based upon equipment and techniques, already exists; but it is of a kind that, if he meets it, he can readily understand and deal with. There is no superior 'they' in the shape of managements and hotel hierarchies 12 to darken his holiday days.
To such motives 13, yet another must be added. The contemporary phenomenon of car worship is to be explained not least by the sense of independence and freedom that ownership entails 15. To this pleasure camping gives an exquisite 16 refinement 17.
From one's own front door to home or foreign hills or sands and back again, everything is to hand. Not only are the means of arriving at the holiday paradise entirely 18 within one's own command and keeping, but the means of escape from holiday hel (if the beach proves too crowded, the local weather too inclement 19) are there, outside -- or, as likely, part of -- the tent.
Idealists have objected to the package tour, that the traveller abroad thereby 20 denies himself the opportunity of getting to know the people of the country visited. Insularity 21 and self-containment, it is argued, go hand in hand. The opinion does not survive experience of a popular Continental 22 camping place. Holiday hotels tend to cater 23 for one nationality of visitors especially, sometimes exclusively. Camping sites, by contrast, are highly cosmopolitan 24. Granted, a preponderance of Germans is a characteristic that seems common to most Mediterranean 25 sites; but as yet there is no overwhelmingly specialized 26 patronage 27. Notices forbidding the open-air drying of clothes, or the use of water points for car washing, or those inviting 28 'our camping friends' to a dance or a boat trip are printed not only in French or Italian or Spanish, but also in English, German and Dutch. At meal times the odour of sauerkraut vies with that of garlic. The Frenchman's breakfast coffee competes with the Englishman's bacon and eggs.
Whether the remarkable 29 growth of organized camping means the eventual 30 death of the more independent kind is hard to say. Municipalities naturally want to secure the campers' site fees and other custom. Police are wary 31 of itinerants 33 who cannot be traced to a recognized camp boundary or to four walls. But most probably it will all depend upon campers themselves: how many heath fires they cause; how much litter they leave; in short, whether or not they wholly alienate 34 landowners and those who live in the countryside. Only good scouting 36 is likely to preserve the freedoms so dear to the heart of the eternal Boy Scout 35.
NIGEL BUXTON The Great Escape from The Weekend Telegraph
New words and expressions 生词和短语
assumption
n. 假定
manoeuvre 3
v. （驱车）移动
myriad
adj. 无数的
paradox
n. 自相矛盾的呈
cynic
n. 愤世嫉俗者
sociologist
n. 社会学家
shun 8
v. 避开
affluent
adj. 富有的
chambermaid
n. 女招待员
boo
b. 呸的一声
maitre d'hotel
n. [法语]总管
snobbery
n. 势利
hierarchy 37
n. 等级制度
entail 14
v. 便成为必要
inclement
adj. 险恶的
package tour
由旅行社安排一切的一揽子诱游
insularity
n. 偏狭
cater
v. 迎合
exclusively
adv. 排他地
cosmopolitan
adj. 世界的
preponderance
n. 优势
overwhelmingly
adv. 以压倒优势地，清一色地
patronage
n. 恩惠，惠顾
sauerkraut
n. 泡菜
vie
v. 竞争
municipality
n. 市政当局
itinerant 32
n. 巡回者
heath
v. 荒地
alienate
v. 便疏远
eternal
adj. 永久的
参考译文
图省钱是露营的一个主要动机，因为除了开始时购置或是租借一套露营装备外，总费用算起来要比住旅馆开支少得多。但是，和一般的看法相反，这决非是仅有的，甚至不是最主要的动机。如果一位游客漫不经心地驾车驶入欧洲无数常年营地之一，花20镑租用一个空位，那么他可能会碰见一辆本特利汽车，更可能会望见一辆福特.康索尔或一辆雷诺或一辆梅塞迪斯并排停放着，不过双人自行车则不容易看到。
现代露营装备一年比一年讲究，这对那些厌世嫉俗者来说是一件有趣的自相矛盾的事情。而对于发誓用露营来摆脱烦恼的人来说，却带来了更光明的前景。学社会学的大学生来露营是另一种形式的摆脱现实，他们的目的很可能是根据观察到的露营现象去写论文。现代露营旅游的人往往讨厌在“斯普兰迪德”和“贝拉维斯塔”这样的大酒店，这并不是因为他们付不起钱，也不是为了躲避物质享受，而是因为他们害怕酒店。他们可能很富有，但给看门人和房间女服务叫多少小费，心中却根本没有数；他们在家可能是主人，但不知道什么时候才能对酒店的经理表示不满。
露营便人们免除了这些忧虑。诚然，露营地本身也存在以露营装备和方式取人的势利现象，但如果有这种情况，露营者也容易理解，知道如何对付，但在露营地里根本不会有管人的“人上人”和酒店里的等级制度来种露营者的假日过得阴郁低沉。
除上以动机外，还应加上一个。当前崇拜汽车现象可以用与所有权相伴的独立和自由意识来解释。因此开车去露营会给这种快乐意识增加一种优雅意境。
从自己的家门出发到国内国外的山区或沙滩上露营然后返回，一切都很便利。完全在自己掌握之中的私人汽车不仅是到达假日天堂的工具，而且也是逃离假日地狱（如海滩太挤，当地天气恶劣）方便工具，因为汽车就停在帐篷外面，或者汽车本身可能就是露营帐篷的一个组成部分。
理想主义者像反对旅行社安排一切的一揽子旅游一样反对露营的作法，说这种封闭的作法使到国外旅游者失去了了解所去国家人民的机会。他们争论说，心胸狭窄和自我封闭是并存的。但这种说法在受人欢迎的欧洲露营地是站不住脚的。假日旅馆有只接待来自一个国家的旅游者的倾向，有时会达到排他的程度。而露营驻地则相反，是高度世界性的。在大多数地中海露营地里，德国人占优势似乎是个普遍现象，确实如此，但并没有特别的优待。禁止露天晒衣服、禁止用水龙头冲洗汽车的布告和邀请露营朋友参加舞会、乘船观光的招贴不仅印志法语、意大利语、西班牙语，而且也印成英语、德语、荷兰语。用饭的时候，德国泡菜味和大蒜味争相散发，法国人的早点咖啡和英国人的咸肉煎蛋竞相比美。
有组织的露营活动的明显发展是否意味着较独立的自我封闭式露营的最终消失，还很难说。市政当局当然希望获得露营者的场地费和其他光临的好处，警察则对那些查不出有固定营地或住处的游荡者保持警惕。但最重要的或许是露营者自己，即他们引起了多少场野火，留下了多少垃圾。总之，他们是否弄得土地的主人和乡间的居民同他们反目。只有优良的童子军活动才能保持不朽的童子军所衷心热爱的各项自由。
- The police could not find a motive for the murder.警察不能找到谋杀的动机。
- He had some motive in telling this fable.他讲这寓言故事是有用意的。
- There was very little outlay on new machinery.添置新机器的开支微乎其微。
- The outlay seems to bear no relation to the object aimed at.这费用似乎和预期目的完全不相称。
- Her withdrawal from the contest was a tactical manoeuvre.她退出比赛是一个战术策略。
- The clutter of ships had little room to manoeuvre.船只橫七竖八地挤在一起，几乎没有多少移动的空间。
- They offered no solution for all our myriad problems.对于我们数不清的问题他们束手无策。
- I had three weeks to make a myriad of arrangements.我花了三个星期做大量准备工作。
- They were guarding the bridge,so we forded the river.他们驻守在那座桥上，所以我们只能涉水过河。
- If you decide to ford a stream,be extremely careful.如果已决定要涉过小溪，必须极度小心。
- The story contains many levels of paradox.这个故事存在多重悖论。
- The paradox is that Japan does need serious education reform.矛盾的地方是日本确实需要教育改革。
- His mother was a sociologist,researching socialism.他的母亲是个社会学家，研究社会主义。
- Max Weber is a great and outstanding sociologist.马克斯·韦伯是一位伟大的、杰出的社会学家。
- Materialists face truth,whereas idealists shun it.唯物主义者面向真理，唯心主义者则逃避真理。
- This extremist organization has shunned conventional politics.这个极端主义组织有意避开了传统政治。
- We must not reproach her, or she shuns us. 我们可不要责备她，否则她要躲避我们。 来自辞典例句
- Any of them shuns, impedes, or attempts at inspection. 一规避、妨碍或拒绝检查。 来自互联网
- He hails from an affluent background.他出身于一个富有的家庭。
- His parents were very affluent.他的父母很富裕。
- Jocelyn accused Dexter of snobbery. 乔斯琳指责德克斯特势力。
- Snobbery is not so common in English today as it was said fifty years ago. 如今＂Snobbery＂在英语中已不象50年前那么普遍使用。
- That's a trip of two hierarchies. 那是两个领导层之间的互访。
- Hierarchies of authority, spans of control, long-range plans, and budgets. 等级森严的权力机构，控制范围，长期计划，预算。 来自英汉文学 - 廊桥遗梦
- Such a decision would entail a huge political risk.这样的决定势必带来巨大的政治风险。
- This job would entail your learning how to use a computer.这工作将需要你学会怎样用计算机。
- The job entails a lot of hard work. 这工作需要十分艰苦的努力。
- This job entails a lot of hard work. 这项工作需要十分努力。
- I was admiring the exquisite workmanship in the mosaic.我当时正在欣赏镶嵌画的精致做工。
- I still remember the exquisite pleasure I experienced in Bali.我依然记得在巴厘岛所经历的那种剧烈的快感。
- Sally is a woman of great refinement and beauty. 莎莉是个温文尔雅又很漂亮的女士。
- Good manners and correct speech are marks of refinement.彬彬有礼和谈吐得体是文雅的标志。
- The fire was entirely caused by their neglect of duty. 那场火灾完全是由于他们失职而引起的。
- His life was entirely given up to the educational work. 他的一生统统献给了教育工作。
- The inclement weather brought forth a host of diseases.恶劣的天气引起了种种疾病。
- They kept on going,even through the inclement weather.即使天气恶劣，他们还是执意要去。
- I have never been to that city,,ereby I don't know much about it.我从未去过那座城市，因此对它不怎么熟悉。
- He became a British citizen,thereby gaining the right to vote.他成了英国公民，因而得到了投票权。
- But at least they have started to break out of their old insularity.但是他们至少已经开始打破过去孤立保守的心态。
- It was a typical case of British chauvinism and insularity.这是典型的英国沙文主义和偏狭心理的事例。
- A continental climate is different from an insular one.大陆性气候不同于岛屿气候。
- The most ancient parts of the continental crust are 4000 million years old.大陆地壳最古老的部分有40亿年历史。
- I expect he will be able to cater for your particular needs.我预计他能满足你的特殊需要。
- Most schools cater for children of different abilities.大多数学校能够满足具有不同天资的儿童的需要。
- New York is a highly cosmopolitan city.纽约是一个高度世界性的城市。
- She has a very cosmopolitan outlook on life.她有四海一家的人生观。
- The houses are Mediterranean in character.这些房子都属地中海风格。
- Gibraltar is the key to the Mediterranean.直布罗陀是地中海的要冲。
- There are many specialized agencies in the United Nations.联合国有许多专门机构。
- These tools are very specialized.这些是专用工具。
- Though it was not yet noon,there was considerable patronage.虽然时间未到中午，店中已有许多顾客惠顾。
- I am sorry to say that my patronage ends with this.很抱歉，我的赞助只能到此为止。
- An inviting smell of coffee wafted into the room.一股诱人的咖啡香味飘进了房间。
- The kitchen smelled warm and inviting and blessedly familiar.这间厨房的味道温暖诱人，使人感到亲切温馨。
- She has made remarkable headway in her writing skills.她在写作技巧方面有了长足进步。
- These cars are remarkable for the quietness of their engines.这些汽车因发动机没有噪音而不同凡响。
- Several schools face eventual closure.几所学校面临最终关闭。
- Both parties expressed optimism about an eventual solution.双方对问题的最终解决都表示乐观。
- He is wary of telling secrets to others.他谨防向他人泄露秘密。
- Paula frowned,suddenly wary.宝拉皱了皱眉头，突然警惕起来。
- He is starting itinerant performance all over the world.他正在世界各地巡回演出。
- There is a general debate nowadays about the problem of itinerant workers.目前，针对流动工人的问题展开了普遍的争论。
- His attempts to alienate the two friends failed because they had complete faith.他离间那两个朋友的企图失败了，因为他们彼此完全信任。
- We'd better not alienate ourselves from the colleagues.我们最好还是不要与同事们疏远。
- He was mistaken for an enemy scout and badly wounded.他被误认为是敌人的侦察兵，受了重伤。
- The scout made a stealthy approach to the enemy position.侦察兵偷偷地靠近敌军阵地。