时间:2019-01-16 作者:英语课 分类:美国习惯用语


英语课

很多学英语的人都常抱怨说,最令人困惑的问题是一个看来眼熟的英语单词,用在不同的地方会产生许许多多不同的含义。比方说我们今天要讲的shake就是这样一个词。我们要学的第一个习惯用语是: shake-up。Shake-up这个短语有几种不同的意思,而且它既可以当名词也可以当动词。Shake-up作名词的时候,它的意思可能来自乡村的扬场。人们在那儿用机器或者木掀把打下来来的谷物或者豆类扬起来,借助风力吹去壳儿和尘土,留下干净的子粒。


这个去粗存精的过程很形像地表现了组织机构内吐故纳新的人员变动。这就是如今名词shake-up的意义。让我们来听个例子。这是在说美国政界上层的人事变动。


例句-1:When the President appointed a new White House Chief of Staff, everybody expected a big shake-up and that a lot of heads would roll. But so far nobody important has been fired.


他说:当总统任命新的白宫办公厅主任的时候,大家都猜测将有人事大改组;好多人会丢饭碗,然而到现在为止还没有要人被革职。


所以这儿的shake-up意思就是人事改组。这种人员调动往往还牵涉到吐故纳新,辞退某些人员,以便吸收新人员。Shake up还可以用作为动词,意思是震撼,或者震惊。我们再来听个例子。


例句-2:The part of town where I live has always been safe and quiet. But last week's murder of a man out walking his dog at night has shaken up everybody in the whole neighborhood.


他说:我住的地段向来既安全又安静,但是上星期有人晚上出外遛狗的时候被谋杀了。这件事情使得本地所有的居民都大为震惊。


动词shake up意思是“震撼”或者“震惊”,总之是令人担惊受怕、情绪波动。


******


上面我们学了习惯用语shake up,下面我们再学一个由shake组成的习惯用语: shake down。Shake down和shake up一样也有几种不同的意思。首先shake down作动词的时候可以表示的是某种令人讨厌的行为,就是敲诈勒索。我们要听个典型例子。


例句-3:This gang 1 tried to shake down the shopkeeper for $ 500 a month with a threat to set fire to his shop. But two cops 2 hiding in the back came out with guns and caught them all.


他说:这伙歹徒试图敲诈老板每月五百美元:他们威胁说否则就烧毁他的店铺。但是两名埋伏在后面的警察持枪出来把他们一网打尽。


Shake-down另外还有一种意思,是某种新设备器材的试用以及操作人员的培训。这个说法起源于海军。一艘新船在投付日常使用前,先得经过试航,叫做shake-down cruise 3。这是因为新船在海洋上乘风破浪的时候,海员首先必须把船上所有的设备装置都牢牢地固定,也就是fasten down, 以免在风浪颠簸中松动,就是shake loose, 以至损坏,由此产生了shake-down cruise这说法。而shake-down已经逐渐被广泛用来表示一切器械的试用了。例如在下面的例子里shake-down表示一架喷气式客机的试飞。


例句-4:Two test pilots and some aircraft engineers are flying that new plane on a shake-down flight. If everything is OK, it'll be put into regular passenger service.


他说:两名试飞员和几位飞机制造工程师在为那架新飞机作试飞,如果飞机运作一切正常,它将被投入日常航运。


这里shake-down意思是试飞。实际上,shake-down可以泛指电脑、汽车、机器等一切新产品的试用。

 



n.一伙,一帮;结伴的朋友
  • The gang live abroad,beyond reach of the British police.这帮匪徒住在国外,英国警方鞭长莫及。
  • Some gang came in and shot the place up.有股匪帮进来对这个地方开枪扫射。
n.堆,顶;警察( cop的名词复数 )
  • As usual, the cops get the baddies in the end. 跟平常一样,警察最后把坏人都抓起来了。
  • Somebody call the cops! 去个人报警啊!
v.巡航,航游,缓慢巡行;n.海上航游
  • They went on a cruise to Tenerife.他们乘船去特纳利夫岛。
  • She wants to cruise the canals of France in a barge.她想乘驳船游览法国的运河。
学英语单词
3-bromotoluene
Acanthostachys
aerostatic(al)
air-cushion vehicle
air-treating unit
ancrum
and technology
antidiscriminatory
antigentilism
artificial elements
autostill
bioastrophysics
cardiovascular drugs
chicken cream soup
chill and fever similar to malaria
Choanephora
circular bead
clocked page
co-domination
coal slurryability
compositional variation
cupid pink
cutbirth
Dad, dah, Mokhtar Ould
daulk
decimestrial
disqualified product
double-arm spectrometer
exhales
extropian
factorize
family Solanaceae
first installation
fully developed cavitation
genus eudyptess
glass encapsulation
globetrotters
Grabau
gynandromorph
hairs of vestibule of nose
Healy, Timothy Micheal
helm angle
high tension stator coil
higherups
ideal exhaust velocity
IGU,I.G.U.
infrared radiation pyrometer
isothermal reactor
it takes time
laser ablation
lateral geniculate body
lepra alphos
letdown drum
level structure
line-type modulation
linear transform encoding of the image
litmus blue
Lohnsburg
make-
maleimycin
metaphorise
monopropellant rocket engine
nematophora
neoterize
nest of tubes
Neuroleptone
oceanic abyss
open frame girder
ornstein and zernike theory
ortf
passing
personal experience
polysynthetic crystal
post hypoxic paradox phenomenon
potter wheel
presbyopial glaucoma
process form
prostate specific antigen(psa)
pseudotabes alcoholica
rami anastomoticus cum arteria lacrimali
reddaways
replantation tooth
rum booze
samploscope
setting out
sinamer synamer
single end drive
smokified
sports shoe
suc-
telcom
teleocracy
temperature sense
tenets
torquillus
Torteval
tough-girl
transcurring
transfer bed
vacuum-coat
varying current
Viola confertifolia