VOA标准英语2010年-New Research May Help Determine Where
时间：2019-01-14 作者：英语课 分类：加州英语分级G2
Before Tomas dumped a massive amount of rain on Haiti, doctors treated cholera 1 patients in hospital tents. Flooding from the storm could cause cholera to spread as sewage and other refuse seeps 2 into tents where many people have been living since January's devastating 3 earthquake.
Cholera is a terrible new disease for Haiti, but conditions for its spread have been ripe for years. Haiti's public health infrastructure 4 is weak, many people do not have access to basic sanitation 5, and especially in rural areas, people do not have clean drinking water.
Cholera causes severe diarrhea and dehydration 6. It can kill in a matter of hours. Dr. Peter Hotez, chair of the department of microbiology at George Washington University, says epidemoliogists were expecting cholera to breakout in Haiti. And once there, it is difficult to eradicate 7. "If you look where cholera epidemics 8 have occurred over the last few decades, we know, for instance, that the disease is highly endemic, meaning it's there all of the time, in places such as India, Bangladesh and Pakistan. So we know when there's flooding in Pakistan, we can expect cholera," he said.
Cholera is also prevalent in parts of Africa and Latin America, where seasonal 9 outbreaks often occur. About 15 years ago, researchers at Harvard University Medical School discovered that cholera bacteria get infected with viruses.
Researchers now know that these viruses interact to make the cholera bacteria deadly. "It's the toxin 10 that's causing all of the pathology associated with cholera infection and it's the toxin that we have to neutralize," he said.
This goal becomes more important as some strains of cholera become resistant 11 to the antibiotics 12 normally used to treat the worst cases. Researchers say these findings will help them predict when new types of cholera-causing bacteria will appear and start infecting people.
- The cholera outbreak has been contained.霍乱的发生已被控制住了。
- Cholera spread like wildfire through the camps.霍乱在营地里迅速传播。
- Water seeps through sand. 水渗入沙中。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
- Water seeps out of the wall. 水从墙里沁出。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
- It is the most devastating storm in 20 years.这是20年来破坏性最大的风暴。
- Affairs do have a devastating effect on marriages.婚外情确实会对婚姻造成毁灭性的影响。
- We should step up the development of infrastructure for research.加强科学基础设施建设。
- We should strengthen cultural infrastructure and boost various types of popular culture.加强文化基础设施建设，发展各类群众文化。
- The location is exceptionally poor,viewed from the sanitation point.从卫生角度来看，这个地段非常糟糕。
- Many illnesses are the result,f inadequate sanitation.许多疾病都来源于不健全的卫生设施。
- He died from severe dehydration.他死于严重脱水。
- The eyes are often retracted from dehydration.眼睛常因脱水而凹陷。
- These insects are very difficult to eradicate.这些昆虫很难根除。
- They are already battling to eradicate illnesses such as malaria and tetanus.他们已经在努力消灭疟疾、破伤风等疾病。
- Reliance upon natural epidemics may be both time-consuming and misleading. 依靠天然的流行既浪费时间，又会引入歧途。
- The antibiotic epidemics usually start stop when the summer rainy season begins. 传染病通常会在夏天的雨季停止传播。
- The town relies on the seasonal tourist industry for jobs.这个城镇依靠季节性旅游业提供就业机会。
- The hors d'oeuvre is seasonal vegetables.餐前小吃是应时蔬菜。
- Experts have linked this condition to a build-up of toxins in the body.专家已把这一病症与体内毒素的积累联系起来。
- Tests showed increased levels of toxin in shellfish.检验表明水生有壳动物的毒素水平提高了。
- Many pests are resistant to the insecticide.许多害虫对这种杀虫剂有抵抗力。
- They imposed their government by force on the resistant population.他们以武力把自己的统治强加在持反抗态度的人民头上。
- the discovery of antibiotics in the 20th century 20世纪抗生素的发现
- The doctor gave me a prescription for antibiotics. 医生给我开了抗生素。