VOA标准英语2012--Unique Species of Shrimp, Anemones Thrive Near Caribbean Seafloor Vents
时间：2019-01-13 作者：英语课 分类：VOA标准英语2012年(一月)
Unique Species of Shrimp 1, Anemones 2 Thrive Near Caribbean Seafloor Vents 4
The volcanic 5 vents were discovered five kilometers down near the bottom of Cayman Trough - an undersea trench 6 south of the Cayman Islands. Expedition co-leader Jon Copley, a marine 7 biologist of the University of Southampton in England spoke 8 to us via Skype.
“Deep sea vents are hot springs on the ocean floor. They are a little bit like the geysers you may know from Yellowstone Park in the U.S., except they are underwater... [and] they are not erupting steam. They are erupting really hot fluid, still liquid, loaded with dissolved minerals that form particles that looked like smoke and that’s why we nicknamed them 'black smokers',” said Copley.
Hot fluid from Earth's crust
Although they didn’t measure the vent 3 temperatures directly, the scientists estimate that the dark material spewing out - mostly copper 9 and other dissolved minerals - is hotter than 450 degrees Celsius 10.
“That’s the temperature you get right at the very throat of the vent, where the hot fluid is gushing 11 out [from] the earth’s crust. But the animals don’t live there. They live a little bit further away. A few meters away the temperature is down to 20 to 40 degrees [Celsius].”
In those cooler waters around the vents’ six-meter tall mineral spires 12, the scientists found teeming 13 populations of marine animals, including a new species of shrimp. Copley said the tiny white creatures exist in near-total darkness and feed mostly on bacteria.
New species discovered
“Instead of two eyes on stalks like shrimp normally have as an adult, these shrimp have a light-sensing organ on their back,” said Copley.
They also found hundreds of white-tentacled anemones, but they could not collect specimens 14.
Copley said that by studying the deep-sea vents and their animal colonies, scientists can better understand how marine life disperses 15 and evolves in the deep ocean. He noted 16 that in the coming years, the ecosystem 17 will see an increasing human presence, in the form of deep-sea fishing, oil and gas extraction and mining operations.
“”If we are going to make responsible decisions about how we manage those ocean resources, we need to understand what determines the patterns of life in the deep ocean,” said Copley.
Copley and his team are now analyzing 18 samples and data from “black smoker” vents recently found at four other seafloor sites around the world.
- When the shrimp farm is built it will block the stream.一旦养虾场建起来，将会截断这条河流。
- When it comes to seafood,I like shrimp the best.说到海鲜，我最喜欢虾。
- With its powerful tentacles, it tries to prise the anemones off. 它想用强壮的触角截获海葵。 来自互联网
- Density, scale, thickness are still influencing the anemones shape. 密度、大小、厚度是受最原始的那股海葵的影响。 来自互联网
- He gave vent to his anger by swearing loudly.他高声咒骂以发泄他的愤怒。
- When the vent became plugged,the engine would stop.当通风口被堵塞时，发动机就会停转。
- He always vents his anger on the dog. 他总是拿狗出气。
- The Dandelion Patch is the least developed of the four active vents. “蒲公英区”在这四个活裂口中是发育最差的一个。
- There have been several volcanic eruptions this year.今年火山爆发了好几次。
- Volcanic activity has created thermal springs and boiling mud pools.火山活动产生了温泉和沸腾的泥浆池。
- The soldiers recaptured their trench.兵士夺回了战壕。
- The troops received orders to trench the outpost.部队接到命令在前哨周围筑壕加强防卫。
- Marine creatures are those which live in the sea. 海洋生物是生存在海里的生物。
- When the war broke out,he volunteered for the Marine Corps.战争爆发时，他自愿参加了海军陆战队。
- They sourced the spoke nuts from our company.他们的轮辐螺帽是从我们公司获得的。
- The spokes of a wheel are the bars that connect the outer ring to the centre.辐条是轮子上连接外圈与中心的条棒。
- The students are asked to prove the purity of copper.要求学生们检验铜的纯度。
- Copper is a good medium for the conduction of heat and electricity.铜是热和电的良导体。
- The temperature tonight will fall to seven degrees Celsius.今晚气温将下降到七摄氏度。
- The maximum temperature in July may be 36 degrees Celsius.七月份最高温度可能达到36摄氏度。
- blood gushing from a wound 从伤口冒出的血
- The young mother was gushing over a baby. 那位年轻的母亲正喋喋不休地和婴儿说话。 来自《简明英汉词典》
- Her masts leveled with the spires of churches. 船的桅杆和教堂的塔尖一样高。 来自《简明英汉词典》
- White church spires lift above green valleys. 教堂的白色尖顶耸立在绿色山谷中。 来自《简明英汉词典》
- The rain was teeming down. 大雨倾盆而下。
- the teeming streets of the city 熙熙攘攘的城市街道
- Astronauts have brought back specimens of rock from the moon. 宇航员从月球带回了岩石标本。
- The traveler brought back some specimens of the rocks from the mountains. 那位旅行者从山上带回了一些岩石标本。 来自《简明英汉词典》
- With controlled pace and sequence of construction, excess heat disperses. 在对施工进度和程序加以控制之后，多余的热量就能散掉。 来自辞典例句
- Normally, turbulence disperses such pollutants quickly. 正常情况下，湍流将迅速驱散这类污染物。 来自辞典例句
- The local hotel is noted for its good table.当地的那家酒店以餐食精美而著称。
- Jim is noted for arriving late for work.吉姆上班迟到出了名。
- This destroyed the ecosystem of the island.这样破坏了岛上的生态系统。
- We all have an interest in maintaining the integrity of the ecosystem.维持生态系统的完整是我们共同的利益。