英文书摘精选 天文学家和癌症研究者共同抗击癌症
时间：2018-12-28 作者：英语课 分类：初学者听力文摘精选
Astronomers 1 And Cancer Researchers Work Together To Fight Cancer
天文学家和癌症研究者共同抗击癌症
At first glance, astronomers and cancer researchers may not seem to have a lot in common. After all, astronomers spend their time gazing at distant stars and galaxies 2, while oncologists fight tumors.
乍一看，天文学家和癌症研究者似乎没有什么共同点。毕竟，天文学家致力于观察遥远的星体和星系，而肿瘤学家则治疗肿瘤。
But at the University of Cambridge in the UK, astronomers and cancer researchers have joined forces. Specifically, astronomers there repurposed image analysis algorithms they use to spot distant galaxies to help oncologists diagnose aggressive tumors.
但是，在英国的剑桥大学，天文学家和癌症研究者已经开始合作了。具体来说，天文学家改进了过去曾用于观测遥远星系的影像分析法，来帮助肿瘤学家诊断恶性肿瘤。
How It Works
如何实现
Astronomers use the algorithms to analyze 4 faint, indistinct images captured by large telescopes. Powerful computers help identify these images as galaxies, stars, planets, and other celestial 5 bodies.
天文学家用这种影像分析方法分析由大型望远镜捕捉到的微弱，模糊的星体图像。强大的计算机可以帮助辨认这些图像是星系，恒星，行星还是其它天体。
When cancer researchers study tumors, they stain samples to pick out subtle differences that clue them in to what types of proteins a given tumor 3 harbors. Identifying the proteins helps researchers know if a tumor is especially aggressive.
当癌症研究者研究肿瘤时，对样本染色，进而辨别出微小的差异，染色可以显示出肿瘤样本的蛋白质类型。鉴别蛋白质可以帮助研究人员确定肿瘤是否是恶性的。
This process typically involves individual scientists peering at tumor samples under microscopes, which is time consuming and laborious 6. But using reconfigured image analysis algorithms to identify tumor proteins can speed the process up significantly.
这一过程通常需要专业的科学家在显微镜下观察肿瘤样本，既费时又费力。但是使用改良后的图像分析方法鉴别肿瘤蛋白质，速度就显著加快了。
Testing The Process
程序测试
To test the process, the researchers used the adapted algorithms on samples from more than 2,000 breast cancer patients. They found that computer analysis was just as accurate at detecting specific proteins as scientists peering through microscopes. And the computer was much faster.
为了测试这种方法，研究人员对2000多名乳腺癌患者的样本使用改良后的算法分析。他们发现，电脑分析和科学家通过显微镜的观察在鉴别特定蛋白质时同样精确。而且计算机的速度更快。
The researchers plan to further refine the computerized method by testing it on samples from more than 20,000 breast cancer patients.
研究人员计划通过测试20000多名乳腺癌患者样本，进一步改进计算机算法。
- Astronomers can accurately foretell the date,time,and length of future eclipses. 天文学家能精确地预告未来日食月食的日期、时刻和时长。 来自《简明英汉词典》
- Astronomers used to ask why only Saturn has rings. 天文学家们过去一直感到奇怪，为什么只有土星有光环。 来自《简明英汉词典》
- Quasars are the highly energetic cores of distant galaxies. 类星体是遥远星系的极为活跃的核心体。
- We still don't know how many galaxies there are in the universe. 我们还不知道宇宙中有多少个星系。
- He was died of a malignant tumor.他死于恶性肿瘤。
- The surgeons irradiated the tumor.外科医生用X射线照射那个肿瘤。
- We should analyze the cause and effect of this event.我们应该分析这场事变的因果。
- The teacher tried to analyze the cause of our failure.老师设法分析我们失败的原因。